Abstract: A PCR system is described. The PCR system comprises a microfluidic cartridge having a thermocycling chamber, wherein a floor of the thermocycling chamber is substantially planar and is provided with a heater; a cooling module configured to engage with and be in thermal contact with a surface of the microfluidic cartridge; and an optical sensor configured to obtain optical signals from the thermocycling chamber. A method of performing PCR is also described.

Abstract: A digital droplet PCR system is described. The digital droplet PCR system comprises a microfluidic cartridge comprising: a plurality of sample droplet generators, wherein each sample droplet generator is operable to partition a PCR mixture into a plurality of aqueous droplets dispersed in a carrier liquid, and wherein at least one sample droplet generator is operable to partition a PCR mixture that is different to a PCR mixture that is partitioned by at least one other sample droplet generator; a thermocycling chamber comprising an embedded heater, an inlet configured to receive the plurality of aqueous droplets from the plurality of sample droplet generators, and an outlet; and an optical readout zone fluidly connected to the outlet of the thermocycling chamber; and a pressure actuated pump configured to couple to and cause fluid flow through the microfluidic cartridge. A method of performing digital droplet PCR is also described.

Abstract: A microfluidic device is described. The device comprises a reaction chamber, wherein the reaction chamber comprises at least one reaction reagent disposed on at least one inner surface of the reaction chamber. A heater is also provided. A thermally dissolvable or degradable or thermally degradable film is applied to the at least one inner surface of the reaction chamber on which the reaction reagent is disposed. Also described is a PCR apparatus and a method of performing PCR.

Abstract: A PCR system is described. The PCR system comprises a thermocycling chamber comprising an electrode assembly configured to generate an electric field and cause reversible electrowetting of a PCR mixture within the thermocycling chamber; and an optical sensor configured to obtain optical signals from the thermocycling chamber. Also described is a method of manufacturing a PCR system and a method of performing PCR.

Abstract: A microfluidic device is described. The microfluidic device comprises a reaction chamber and a temperature control module overlaying the reaction chamber. The temperature control module comprises a temperature regulating flow channel disposed between two layers and in thermal contact with the reaction chamber, and wherein at least a portion of each layer comprises an optically transparent material. Also described is a method of manufacturing a microfluidic device and a method of controlling temperature of a reaction in a microfluidic device.

Abstract: A microfluidic device is described. The device comprises a flow channel; and at least one reaction chamber. The at least one reaction chamber comprises a chamber inlet connecting the at least one reaction chamber to the flow channel, a first region adjacent the chamber inlet, a second region spaced from the chamber inlet by the first region, a vent channel and a reaction reagent disposed on at least one inner surface of the second region. Also described is a PCR apparatus and a method of performing PCR.

Abstract: An electroporation system may include a well plate, a dispenser and a dispenser-well positioning system. The well plate may include wells, each of the wells including an interior, a first electrode adjacent the interior and a second electrode adjacent the interior and spaced from the first electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode are to apply an electrostatic field across the well. The dispenser is to dispense a cell having a diameter into each of the wells. The dispenser-well positioning system is to align each well and the dispenser such that the dispenser dispenses the cell into each well at a location spaced from the first electrode and the second electrode by a distance of at least 5 times the diameter of the cell.

Abstract: Examples include a fluid ejection device comprising a carrier, at least one fluid ejection die, and conductive traces at least partially embedded in the carrier. The carrier has a first portion and a second portion, where an angle of orientation between the first portion and the second portion is nonparallel. The first portion includes an array of openings formed through a top surface of the carrier. The second portion includes at least one die opening through a bottom surface of the carrier. The fluid ejection die is coupled to the second portion of the carrier. Fluid passages formed in a back surface of the fluid ejection die are exposed through the at least one die opening formed through the bottom surface of the carrier. The conductive traces have an array of contact points at first ends of the conductive traces. The array of contact points align with the array of openings of the first portion of the carrier such that the array of contact points are exposed through the array of openings.

Abstract: Examples include a fluid device. The fluid device includes a substrate, a sensor coupled on the substrate. A reservoir is formed in the substrate adjacent to the sensor. A deformable cover is disposed to seal the sensor and the reservoir on the substrate.

Abstract: Examples include a fluid ejection device comprising a carrier, at least one fluid ejection die, and conductive traces at least partially embedded in the carrier. The carrier has a first portion and a second portion, where an angle of orientation between the first portion and the second portion is nonparallel. The first portion includes an array of openings formed through a top surface of the carrier. The second portion includes at least one die opening through a bottom surface of the carrier. The fluid ejection die is coupled to the second portion of the carrier. Fluid passages formed in a back surface of the fluid ejection die are exposed through the at least one die opening formed through the bottom surface of the carrier. The conductive traces have an array of contact points at first ends of the conductive traces. The array of contact points align with the array of openings of the first portion of the carrier such that the array of contact points are exposed through the array of openings.

Abstract: Examples include a fluid device. The fluid device includes a substrate, a sensor coupled on the substrate. A reservoir is formed in the substrate adjacent to the sensor. A deformable cover is disposed to seal the sensor and the reservoir on the substrate.

Abstract: Assigning firing reservations to primitives can include assigning a plurality of firing reservations to each of the plurality of primitives and reassigning a firing reservation of the plurality of firing reservations from a primitive of the plurality of primitives to another primitive of the plurality of primitives.

Abstract: General entity retrieval and ranking is described. A first set of documents is retrieved from one or more document repositories based on a query formed according to the topic. The first set of documents is characterized based on its first set of metadata values. One or more candidate entities are identified based on the first set of documents and the original query is thereafter augmented according to a candidate entity. The second set of documents resulting from the augmented query is then characterized in a similar manner. For each candidate entity, the first and second document set characterizations are compared to determine their degree of similarity. Increasingly similar document set characterizations indicates that the candidate entity is increasingly relevant to the original query. Repeating this process for each of the one or more candidate entities can give rise to rankings according to the respective degrees of similarity.

Abstract: General entity retrieval and ranking is described. A first set of documents is retrieved from one or more document repositories based on a query formed according to the topic. The first set of documents is characterized based on its first set of metadata values. One or more candidate entities are identified based on the first set of documents and the original query is thereafter augmented according to a candidate entity. The second set of documents resulting from the augmented query is then characterized in a similar manner. For each candidate entity, the first and second document set characterizations are compared to determine their degree of similarity. Increasingly similar document set characterizations indicates that the candidate entity is increasingly relevant to the original query. Repeating this process for each of the one or more candidate entities can give rise to rankings according to the respective degrees of similarity.

Abstract: An optical interconnect includes a reflective body having a plurality of faces, where the body is translatable in a plane; and an optical receiver configured to receive optical energy reflected by at least one of the faces.

Abstract: Various embodiments and methods utilizing resonators are disclosed.