Abstract: A system and method for balancing flows of renal replacement fluid is disclosed. The method uses pressure controls and pressure sensing devices to more precisely meter and balance the flow of fresh dialysate and spent dialysate. The balancing system may use one or two balancing devices, such as a balance tube, a tortuous path, or a balance chamber.

Abstract: A method for removing chromium from a water source can include delivering source water having a hexavalent chromium oxyanion into contact with an ion exchange resin to exchange the hexavalent chromium oxyanion for an anion and convert the source water to treated water, discharging the treated water, rinsing the ion exchange resin with a brine solution to remove the hexavalent chromium oxyanion from the ion exchange resin, converting the hexavalent chromium oxyanion to a trivalent chromium cation, binding the trivalent chromium cation to a chelating resin, and removing the trivalent chromium cation bound to the chelating resin.

Abstract: A method for removing chromium from a water source can include delivering source water having a hexavalent chromium oxyanion into contact with an ion exchange resin to exchange the hexavalent chromium oxyanion for an anion and convert the source water to treated water, discharging the treated water, rinsing the ion exchange resin with a brine solution to remove the hexavalent chromium oxyanion from the ion exchange resin, converting the hexavalent chromium oxyanion to a trivalent chromium cation, binding the trivalent chromium cation to a chelating resin, and removing the trivalent chromium cation bound to the chelating resin.

Abstract: A method for removing chromium from a water source can include delivering source water having a hexavalent chromium oxyanion into contact with an ion exchange resin to exchange the hexavalent chromium oxyanion for an anion and convert the source water to treated water, discharging the treated water, rinsing the ion exchange resin with a brine solution to remove the hexavalent chromium oxyanion from the ion exchange resin, converting the hexavalent chromium oxyanion to a trivalent chromium cation, binding the trivalent chromium cation to a chelating resin, and removing the trivalent chromium cation bound to the chelating resin.

Abstract: The present invention provides polymer modified aqueous urea formaldehyde resin (UF resin) binder compositions useful in making a treated glass mat, e.g., for roofing shingles, wherein the polymer modifier is an multistage aqueous emulsion acorn copolymer comprising one protuberant polymer stage containing phosphorous acid groups and one or more other polymer stage comprising an addition copolymer incompatible with the protuberant polymer stage, wherein the multistage aqueous emulsion copolymer has a measured Tg of from ?60 to 25° C., or, preferably from ?30 to 12° C. and, further wherein the weight ratio of the total of monomers used to make the one or more other polymer stage to the total amount of monomers used to make the protuberant polymer stage ranges from 3:1 to 50:1, or, preferably, from 3:1 to 30:1 or, more preferably, from 3:1 to 20:1, or, even more preferably, from 8:1 to 12:1.

Abstract: The present invention provides methacrylic acid polymer modified aqueous urea formaldehyde resin (UF resin) binder compositions useful in making a treated glass mat, e.g. for roofing shingles, wherein the methacrylic acid polymer comprises the reaction product of at least 50 wt. %, based on the total weight of monomers used to make the methacrylic acid polymer, of methacrylic acid or its salts, or mixtures thereof, a water-soluble phosphorous or sulfur containing compound and the remainder of a carboxylic acid group containing monomer, such as acrylic acid. The methacrylic acid polymers have at least one of a phosphite group, hypophosphite group, phosphinate group, diphosphinate group, and/or sulfonate group and enable modified UF resins to have early strength development even when the binder compositions comprise from 0.1 to less than 5 wt. % of the polymer modifier, based on total solids of the UF resin and the polymer modifier.

Abstract: The present invention provides polymer modified aqueous urea formaldehyde resin (UF resin) binder compositions useful in making a treated glass mat, e.g., for roofing shingles, wherein the polymer modifier is an multistage aqueous emulsion acorn copolymer comprising one protuberant polymer stage containing phosphorous acid groups and one or more other polymer stage comprising an addition copolymer incompatible with the protuberant polymer stage, wherein the multistage aqueous emulsion copolymer has a measured Tg of from ?60 to 25° C., or, preferably from 31 30 to 12° C. and, further wherein the weight ratio of the total of monomers used to make the one or more other polymer stage to the total amount of monomers used to make the protuberant polymer stage ranges from 3:1 to 50:1, or, preferably, from 3:1 to 30:1 or, more preferably, from 3:1 to 20:1, or, even more preferably, from 8:1 to 12:1.

Abstract: The present invention provides aqueous binder compositions comprising one or more polyol and a multistage copolymer, preferably, an all acrylic and allylic or all acrylic copolymer, having as the outermost stage a polymerized acid functional aqueous solution polymer and as the one or more remaining stage(s) a vinyl emulsion polymer, wherein the emulsion polymer stage(s) in the multistage copolymer comprises 5 wt. % or less of hydrophilic monomer, based on the total weight of monomers used to make the emulsion polymer stage(s). The multistage copolymer enables incorporation of a much higher amount of hydrophilic monomer into a polymeric binder without the attendant handling or viscosity problems. Also provided are methods of using the aqueous binder compositions comprising pultruding two or more non-woven fibers or a fiber roving with the aqueous binder composition, and drying, Articles comprising the bound fiber(s) are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides flexible binder compositions comprising one or more polycarboxy emulsion copolymer has a measured Tg of 40° C. or less, such as from ?45° C. to 25° C., and a polyol crosslinker. In one embodiment, the binder compositions comprising the polycarboxy emulsion copolymer can be used in making pultruded composites, such as sheets, for example, flexible gypsum board facing sheets, and flexible non-woven articles such as, for example, carpet backing.

Abstract: The present invention provides methacrylic acid polymer modified aqueous urea formaldehyde resin (UF resin) binder compositions useful in making a treated glass mat, e.g. for roofing shingles, wherein the methacrylic acid polymer comprises the reaction product of at least 50 wt. %, based on the total weight of monomers used to make the methacrylic acid polymer, of methacrylic acid or its salts, or mixtures thereof, a water-soluble phosphorous or sulfur containing compound and the remainder of a carboxylic acid group containing monomer, such as acrylic acid. The methacrylic acid polymers have at least one of a phosphite group, hypophosphite group, phosphinate group, diphosphinate group, and/or sulfonate group and enable modified UF resins to have early strength development even when the binder compositions comprise from 0.1 to less than 5 wt. % of the polymer modifier, based on total solids of the UF resin and the polymer modifier.

Abstract: The present invention provides continuous methods of making ready to use aqueous soy binders comprising extruding in a twin screw extruder wet non-water soluble soy flour in grind phase mixing and, downstream, including further a polycarboxy emulsion copolymer in distributive phase mixing, wherein in the aqueous binders the amount of soy flour solids ranges from 51 to 95 wt. %, based on the total weight of binder solids. The present invention provides continuous and simple methods for providing aqueous binders wherein the soy flour has a sieve particle size ranging from 5 to 44 ?m. Making soy flours of such a particle size enables soy flour binder compositions useful as binders for non-wovens, such as mineral fiber or glass mats.

Abstract: The present invention provides aqueous binder compositions comprising one or more polyol and a multistage copolymer, preferably, an all acrylic and allylic or all acrylic copolymer, having as the outermost stage a polymerized acid functional aqueous solution polymer and as the one or more remaining stage(s) a vinyl emulsion polymer, wherein the emulsion polymer stage(s) in the multistage copolymer comprises 5 wt. % or less of hydrophilic monomer, based on the total weight of monomers used to make the emulsion polymer stage(s). The multistage copolymer enables incorporation of a much higher amount of hydrophilic monomer into a polymeric binder without the attendant handling or viscosity problems. Also provided are methods of using the aqueous binder compositions comprising pultruding two or more non-woven fibers or a fiber roving with the aqueous binder composition, and drying, Articles comprising the bound fiber(s) are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides composite materials derived from formaldehyde-free aqueous binder compositions comprising defatted soy flour of no greater than 43 micron mesh particle size, polymer particles of at least one emulsion (co)polymer, and one or more reducing sugar. Also provided are methods of making and using composite materials containing the formaldehyde-free binder compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides flexible binder compositions comprising one or more polycarboxy emulsion copolymer has a measured Tg of 40° C. or less, such as from ?45° C. to 25° C., and a polyol crosslinker. In one embodiment, the binder compositions comprising the polycarboxy emulsion copolymer can be used in making pultruded composites, such as sheets, for example, flexible gypsum board facing sheets, and flexible non-woven articles such as, for example, carpet backing.

Abstract: This invention is an aqueous curable binder composition useful as a thermosetting binder for a variety of applications, particularly for substrates that need to retain at least some flexibility. More particularly, the present invention relates to curable aqueous binder compositions comprising at least one water-soluble carbohydrate binder; at least one polyacid crosslinking agent; and one or more high acid polycarboxy emulsion copolymers, as latex modifiers.

Abstract: A binder composition comprising an emulsion copolymer, and a polyol crosslinker.

Abstract: A plate pin assembly for use with a fixture that holds multiple plate pin assemblies for use in chassis-body marriage during the manufacturing of automobiles. The plate pin assembly has a lower end that fits into a bushing hole on the fixture to attach the plate pin assembly to the fixture, an upper end that supports or otherwise interacts with the vehicle chassis or body, and a quick-disconnect mechanism to enable fast changeover of the plate pin assemblies on the fixture when switching from one vehicle application to another.

Abstract: A kiln having a body with an internal chamber accessible via an opening which normally is closed by a closure that is movable. Lift apparatus effects movements of the closure between its closed and opened positions. The lift apparatus includes an arm which overlies the closure and is pivoted to a support independently of the kiln body for rotation about a second axis that is spaced a selected distance from the axis about which the closure rocks. The lift arm is connected to the closure by a pivot coupling which maintains the lift arm and the closure substantially parallel and uniformly spaced apart throughout the movements of the closure. The pivotal connection of the lift arm to the closure enables relative movement of the lift arm and the closure during movements thereof to avoid imposing appreciable stress on either the arm or the closure.

Abstract: The present invention provides binder compositions comprising an ethylenically unsaturated carboxy acid grafted lignin or lignosulfonate component, and an oxazoline-functional group containing polymer or resin component, the two components in a solids weight ratio of from 50:50 to 98:2. As formulated, the compositions may comprise from 40 to 98 wt. % of the acid grafted lignosulfonate, preferably, 50 wt. % or more. Preferably, the binder composition further comprises one or more in situ acid generator compound to insure more rapid cure on heating or pressing. The binder enables the provision of low cost composite materials comprising a majority component derived from natural materials, and having a reasonable wet strength.