Abstract: A vehicle exhaust system includes an exhaust pipe that provides heated exhaust gases to a thermoelectric unit as an input. A temperature control mechanism ensures that exhaust gas is directed into the thermoelectric unit only if the exhaust gas is within a specified temperature range. The thermoelectric unit transforms the exhaust gas heat into electrical power.

Abstract: An emission abatement device comprises a hydrocarbon trap, a 3-way catalyst downstream from the hydrocarbon trap, and a valve movable to control flow of exhaust gas to the hydrocarbon trap and the 3-way catalyst.

Abstract: An emission abatement device comprises a hydrocarbon trap, a 3-way catalyst downstream from the hydrocarbon trap, and a valve movable to control flow of exhaust gas to the hydrocarbon trap and the 3-way catalyst.

Abstract: A heat transfer device is provided which has an improved energy efficiency, utilizes significantly less space and costs less than conventional condensers in refrigeration units. The heat transfer device comprises a plurality of coil units disposed in a serpentine configuration and which are juxtapositioned to decrease space requirements and increase heat transfer. The coil units are constructed by fist attaching a lateral fin to a tube. The tube is then bent to form a continuous helical structure and this helical structure is then bent to form a plurality of parallel interconnected individual units disposed in a serpentine configuration. Multiple rows of interconnected parallel units are arranged to interfit so that the condenser occupies a minimum amount of space.