Abstract: At least one aspect is directed to determining an estimate of an intersection of user identifiers in a first set of user identifiers and a second set of user identifiers. The first and second sets of user identifiers can be populated with user identifiers that have interacted with the same content item or content item campaign. Estimates of intersections of the first and the second sets can be determined based on a binomial vector approach, a vector of counts approach, or a hybrid approach. The binomial vector approach generates vectors based on k hashes of each user identifier in the first set and summing the vectors to generate a first vector. The intersection can be determined based on a dot product of the first vector and a second vector similarly generated from the second set of user identifiers.

Abstract: At least one aspect is directed to determining an estimate of an intersection of user identifiers in a first set of user identifiers and a second set of user identifiers. The first and second sets of user identifiers can be populated with user identifiers that have interacted with the same content item or content item campaign. Estimates of intersections of the first and the second sets can be determined based on a binomial vector approach, a vector of counts approach, or a hybrid approach. The binomial vector approach generates vectors based on k hashes of each user identifier in the first set and summing the vectors to generate a first vector. The intersection can be determined based on a dot product of the first vector and a second vector similarly generated from the second set of user identifiers.

Abstract: At least one aspect is directed to determining an estimate of an intersection of user identifiers in a first set of user identifiers and a second set of user identifiers. The first and second sets of user identifiers can be populated with user identifiers that have interacted with the same content item or content item campaign. Estimates of intersections of the first and the second sets can be determined based on a binomial vector approach, a vector of counts approach, or a hybrid approach. The binomial vector approach generates vectors based on k hashes of each user identifier in the first set and summing the vectors to generate a first vector. The intersection can be determined based on a dot product of the first vector and a second vector similarly generated from the second set of user identifiers.

Abstract: At least one aspect is directed to determining an estimate of an intersection of user identifiers in a first set of user identifiers and a second set of user identifiers. The first and second sets of user identifiers can be populated with user identifiers that have interacted with the same content item or content item campaign. Estimates of intersections of the first and the second sets can be determined based on a binomial vector approach, a vector of counts approach, or a hybrid approach. The binomial vector approach generates vectors based on k hashes of each user identifier in the first set and summing the vectors to generate a first vector. The intersection can be determined based on a dot product of the first vector and a second vector similarly generated from the second set of user identifiers.

Abstract: At least one aspect is directed to determining an estimate of an intersection of user identifiers in a first set of user identifiers and a second set of user identifiers. The first and second sets of user identifiers can be populated with user identifiers that have interacted with the same content item or content item campaign. Estimates of intersections of the first and the second sets can be determined based on a binomial vector approach, a vector of counts approach, or a hybrid approach. The binomial vector approach generates vectors based on k hashes of each user identifier in the first set and summing the vectors to generate a first vector. The intersection can be determined based on a dot product of the first vector and a second vector similarly generated from the second set of user identifiers.

Abstract: At least one aspect is directed to determining an estimate of an intersection of user identifiers in a first set of user identifiers and a second set of user identifiers. The first and second sets of user identifiers can be populated with user identifiers that have interacted with the same content item or content item campaign. Estimates of intersections of the first and the second sets can be determined based on a binomial vector approach, a vector of counts approach, or a hybrid approach. The binomial vector approach generates vectors based on k hashes of each user identifier in the first set and summing the vectors to generate a first vector. The intersection can be determined based on a dot product of the first vector and a second vector similarly generated from the second set of user identifiers.

Abstract: At least one aspect is directed to determining an estimate of an intersection of user identifiers in a first set of user identifiers and a second set of user identifiers. The first and second sets of user identifiers can be populated with user identifiers that have interacted with the same content item or content item campaign. Estimates of intersections of the first and the second sets can be determined based on a binomial vector approach, a vector of counts approach, or a hybrid approach. The binomial vector approach generates vectors based on k hashes of each user identifier in the first set and summing the vectors to generate a first vector. The intersection can be determined based on a dot product of the first vector and a second vector similarly generated from the second set of user identifiers.

Abstract: Spinal rod reduction apparatuses, systems, and methods are provided. In various examples, a rod reduction apparatus includes a first threaded member including an engagement feature configured to selectively anchor the first threaded member to the implantable screw assembly. A second threaded member is configured to threadably engage with the first threaded member. The second threaded member is axially movable with respect to the first threaded member with rotation of the second threaded member. A spinal rod urging member is axially movable with the second threaded member. The urging member includes a bearing surface that is configured to selectively abut the spinal rod and selectively urge the spinal rod toward the implantable screw assembly with rotation of the second threaded member in a first rotational direction.

Abstract: Spinal rod reduction apparatuses, systems, and methods are provided. In various examples, a rod reduction apparatus includes a first threaded member including an engagement feature configured to selectively anchor the first threaded member to the implantable screw assembly. A second threaded member is configured to threadably engage with the first threaded member. The second threaded member is axially movable with respect to the first threaded member with rotation of the second threaded member. A spinal rod urging member is axially movable with the second threaded member. The urging member includes a bearing surface that is configured to selectively abut the spinal rod and selectively urge the spinal rod toward the implantable screw assembly with rotation of the second threaded member in a first rotational direction.

Abstract: Spinal rod reduction apparatuses, systems, and methods are provided. In various examples, a rod reduction apparatus includes a first threaded member (130, 210, 330) including an engagement feature (138A, 138B, 220, 332, 334) configured to selectively anchor the first threaded member to the implantable screw assembly. A second threaded member (110, 230, 310) is configured to threadably engage with the first threaded member. The second threaded member is axially movable with respect to the first threaded member with rotation of the second threaded member. A spinal rod urging member (120, 240, 320) is axially movable with the second threaded member. The urging member includes a bearing surface (126, 242, 320) that is configured to selectively abut the spinal rod and selectively urge the spinal rod toward the implantable screw assembly with rotation of the second threaded member in a first rotational direction.

Abstract: A chip tester for testing at least two devices under test connected to the chip tester has a timing calculator for generating a timing information for the channels of the chip tester. The timing calculator is adapted to obtain a propagation delay difference information describing a difference between, on the one hand, a propagation delay from the first channel port of the chip tester to the first terminal of the first device under test and, on the other hand, a propagation delay from the first channel port of the chip tester to the second terminal of the second device under test. The timing calculator is adapted to provide a timing information for a second channel of the chip tester connected to the first device under test or to the second device under test on the basis of the propagation delay difference information. The channel module configurator is adapted to configure the second channel of the chip tester on the basis of the timing information.

Abstract: Spinal rod reduction apparatuses, systems, and methods are provided. In various examples, a rod reduction apparatus includes a first threaded member (130, 210, 330) including an engagement feature (138A, 138B, 220, 332, 334) configured to selectively anchor the first threaded member to the implantable screw assembly. A second threaded member (110, 230, 310) is configured to threadably engage with the first threaded member. The second threaded member is axially movable with respect to the first threaded member with rotation of the second threaded member. A spinal rod urging member (120, 240, 320) is axially movable with the second threaded member. The urging member includes a bearing surface (126, 242, 320) that is configured to selectively abut the spinal rod and selectively urge the spinal rod toward the implantable screw assembly with rotation of the second threaded member in a first rotational direction.

Abstract: A chip tester for testing at least two devices under test connected to the chip tester has a timing calculator for generating a timing information for the channels of the chip tester. The timing calculator is adapted to obtain a propagation delay difference information describing a difference between, on the one hand, a propagation delay from the first channel port of the chip tester to the first terminal of the first device under test and, on the other hand, a propagation delay from the first channel port of the chip tester to the second terminal of the second device under test. The timing calculator is adapted to provide a timing information for a second channel of the chip tester connected to the first device under test or to the second device under test on the basis of the propagation delay difference information. The channel module configurator is adapted to configure the second channel of the chip tester on the basis of the timing information.