Abstract: An apparatus is configured to print a circuit board using conductive and nonconductive printing materials in accordance with parameters. A database stores information correlating characteristics of printing materials with shelf life and/or age of the printing materials, and/or environmental conditions. The apparatus either prompts operator to make printing parameter adjustments or automatically optimizes printing parameters based on information stored in the database and the environmental conditions. The apparatus optionally further optimizes printing parameters based on age of a print head and positioning mechanisms.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wireless device for effecting two way wireless transmission, an antenna feed network, and a patch antenna. The wireless device includes an antenna assembly having two inputs accepting two feed signals shifted a feed signal phase difference apart. The antenna assembly receives a radiated signal and produces first and second received signals. First and second reflected feed signals are also produced at the two antenna inputs. A transmitter produces a transmission signal and a receiver receives the radiated signal while the transmission signal is transmitted by the antenna assembly. The antenna feed network interconnects the transmitter port, the receiver port, and the antenna assembly and produces the received signal while effecting substantial cancellation of the first and second reflected feed signals. Additionally, or alternatively, first and second transmission leakage signals at the received signal output substantially cancel each other.

Abstract: A signal routing assembly accepts a first transmission signal at an input and outputs a substantial portion of the signal at a common port of the signal routing assembly. A second transmission signal is received at the common port and is routed through the signal routing assembly delivered to output of the signal routing assembly. Leakage signals from routing devices leaking the first transmission signal are terminated inside the signal routing assembly. Leakage signals from a divider/combiner are cancelled by reflect signal from at least one reflector device. A transmitter produces the first transmission signal and the signal routing assembly delivers this signal to the common port of the signal routing assembly. In full duplex operation, second transmission signals received at the common port are routed to the output to be applied to a receiver.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wireless device for effecting two way wireless transmission, an antenna feed network, and a patch antenna. The wireless device includes an antenna assembly having two inputs accepting two feed signals shifted a feed signal phase difference apart. The antenna assembly receives a radiated signal and produces first and second received signals. First and second reflected feed signals are also produced at the two antenna inputs. A transmitter produces a transmission signal and a receiver receives the radiated signal while the transmission signal is transmitted by the antenna assembly. The antenna feed network interconnects the transmitter port, the receiver port, and the antenna assembly and produces the received signal while effecting substantial cancellation of the first and second reflected feed signals. Additionally, or alternatively, first and second transmission leakage signals at the received signal output substantially cancel each other.

Abstract: A signal routing assembly accepts a first transmission signal at an input and outputs a substantial portion of the signal at a common port of the signal routing assembly. A second transmission signal is received at the common port and is routed through the signal routing assembly delivered to output of the signal routing assembly. Leakage signals from routing devices leaking the first transmission signal are terminated inside the signal routing assembly. Leakage signals from a divider/combiner are cancelled by reflect signal from at least one reflector device. A transmitter produces the first transmission signal and the signal routing assembly delivers this signal to the common port of the signal routing assembly. In full duplex operation, second transmission signals received at the common port are routed to the output to be applied to a receiver.

Abstract: A signal routing assembly accepts a first transmission signal at an input and outputs a substantial portion of the signal at a common port of the signal routing assembly. A second transmission signal is received at the common port and is routed through the signal routing assembly delivered to output of the signal routing assembly. Leakage signals from routing devices leaking the first transmission signal are terminated inside the signal routing assembly. Leakage signal from a divider/combiner are cancelled by reflect signal from at least one reflector device. A transmitter produces the first transmission signal and the signal routing assembly delivers this signal to the common port of the signal routing assembly. In full duplex operation, second transmission signals received at the common port are routed to the output to be applied to a receiver.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wireless device for effecting two way wireless transmission, an antenna feed network, and a patch antenna. The wireless device includes an antenna assembly having two inputs accepting two feed signals shifted a feed signal phase difference apart. The antenna assembly receives a radiated signal and produces first and second received signals. First and second reflected feed signals are also produced at the two antenna inputs. A transmitter produces a transmission signal and a receiver receives the radiated signal while the transmission signal is transmitted by the antenna assembly. The antenna feed network interconnects the transmitter port, the receiver port, and the antenna assembly and produces the received signal while effecting substantial cancellation of the first and second reflected feed signals. Additionally, or alternatively, first and second transmission leakage signals at the received signal output substantially cancel each other.

Abstract: A signal routing assembly accepts a first transmission signal at an input and outputs a substantial portion of the signal at a common port of the signal routing assembly. A second transmission signal is received at the common port and is routed through the signal routing assembly delivered to output of the signal routing assembly. Leakage signals from routing devices leaking the first transmission signal are terminated inside the signal routing assembly. Leakage signal from a divider/combiner are cancelled by reflect signal from at least one reflector device. A transmitter produces the first transmission signal and the signal routing assembly delivers this signal to the common port of the signal routing assembly. In full duplex operation, second transmission signals received at the common port are routed to the output to be applied to a receiver.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wireless device for effecting two way wireless transmission, an antenna feed network, and a patch antenna. The wireless device includes an antenna assembly having two inputs accepting two feed signals shifted a feed signal phase difference apart. The antenna assembly receives a radiated signal and produces first and second received signals. First and second reflected feed signals are also produced at the two antenna inputs. A transmitter produces a transmission signal and a receiver receives the radiated signal while the transmission signal is transmitted by the antenna assembly. The antenna feed network interconnects the transmitter port, the receiver port, and the antenna assembly and produces the received signal while effecting substantial cancellation of the first and second reflected feed signals. Additionally, or alternatively, first and second transmission leakage signals at the received signal output substantially cancel each other.

Abstract: A signal routing assembly accepts a first transmission signal at an input and outputs a substantial portion of the signal at a common port of the signal routing assembly. A second transmission signal is received at the common port and is routed through the signal routing assembly delivered to output of the signal routing assembly. Leakage signals from routing devices leaking the first transmission signal are terminated inside the signal routing assembly. Leakage signal from a divider/combiner are cancelled by reflect signal from at least one reflector device. A transmitter produces the first transmission signal and the signal routing assembly delivers this signal to the common port of the signal routing assembly. In full duplex operation, second transmission signals received at the common port are routed to the output to be applied to a receiver.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wireless device for effecting two way wireless transmission, an antenna feed network, and a patch antenna. The wireless device includes an antenna assembly having two inputs accepting two feed signals shifted a feed signal phase difference apart. The antenna assembly receives a radiated signal and produces first and second received signals. First and second reflected feed signals are also produced at the two antenna inputs. A transmitter produces a transmission signal and a receiver receives the radiated signal while the transmission signal is transmitted by the antenna assembly. The antenna feed network interconnects the transmitter port, the receiver port, and the antenna assembly and produces the received signal while effecting substantial cancellation of the first and second reflected feed signals. Additionally, or alternatively, first and second transmission leakage signals at the received signal output substantially cancel each other.

Abstract: A signal routing assembly accepts a first transmission signal at an input and outputs a substantial portion of the signal at a common port of the signal routing assembly. A second transmission signal is received at the common port and is routed through the signal routing assembly delivered to output of the signal routing assembly. Leakage signals from routing devices leaking the first transmission signal are terminated inside the signal routing assembly. Leakage signal from a divider/combiner are cancelled by reflect signal from at least one reflector device. A transmitter produces the first transmission signal and the signal routing assembly delivers this signal to the common port of the signal routing assembly. In full duplex operation, second transmission signals received at the common port are routed to the output to be applied to a receiver.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wireless device for effecting two way wireless transmission, an antenna feed network (20), and a patch antenna. The wireless device includes an antenna assembly having first and second feed inputs (7 and 8) and accepting first and second antenna feed signals shifted a feed signal phase difference apart. The antenna assembly (9) receives radiated signals and produces a first received signal and second received signal at the first and second feed inputs (7 and 8). First and second reflected feed signals are also produced at the first and second feed inputs (7 and 8). A transmitter produces a transmission signal and a receiver receives a received signal composed of at least a portion of the at least one of the first and second received signals from the antenna assembly (9) while the transmission signal is being transmitted by the antenna assembly (9).

Abstract: A torque device includes a housing rotatably accepting an inner ring assembly having a pin eccentrically disposed relative to a torque axis. A movable member is slidably or pivotably disposed in the housing to come into and out of engagement with the pin when the inner ring assembly rotates relative the housing. The movable member has a slanted face for engaging the pin. The pin and the slanted face are alternatively interchanged in position on the inner ring assembly and movable member. An adjustable biasing device biases the movable member. The biasing device includes a split ring spring and a ring segment spring. Alternatively, the biasing device includes a compression spring.

Abstract: In a method for characterizing frequency translation devices (FTDs), a stimulus signal is applied to a first port of a frequency translation device and a drive signal is applied to a second port of the frequency translation device. A third port of the frequency translation device is coupled to an input of a filter. The frequency translation device, at the third port, provides a translated signal having a sum signal component and a difference signal component. A first, second and third reflection response to the applied stimulus signal are obtained with alternative terminations coupled to an output of the filter. The reflection responses include variations in either the sum signal component or the difference signal component as designated by the filter, where the variations depend on which of the alternative terminations is coupled to the output of the filter.

Abstract: Absolute delay of a FTD is characterized by applying a stimulus signal to a first port of the FTD. A second port of the FTD is coupled to a delay element having a known delay and a reflective termination. A drive signal is applied to a third port of the FTD. A time domain reflection response to the stimulus signal is obtained and a signal peak within the response that corresponds to a return signal from the reflective termination is identified. Absolute delay of the frequency translation device is then extracted based on the known delay of the delay element and a time that corresponds to the occurrence of the identified signal peak. Delay versus frequency is characterized by isolating a segment of the obtained time domain reflection response that corresponds to a return signal from the reflective termination. Inverse frequency transforming the isolated segment of the time domain reflection response provides delay characteristics of the FTD versus frequency.

Abstract: A vector stimulus/response system enables the vector responses of frequency translation devices (FTDs) to be accurately characterized. The system includes a source, having a predetermined source match, reflection tracking and directivity, that generates a stimulus signal. A receiver having a predetermined load match is also included in the system. The receiver measures a first series of responses of a reference translator to the stimulus signal, when the reference translator is coupled between the source and receiver. The reference translator has predetermined transmission characteristics, input match and output match. The receiver measures a second series of responses of a FTD to the stimulus signal. A processor generates a correction array from the first series of responses, the predetermined transmission characteristics, input match output match, source match, and the directivity, reflection tracking and load match.

Abstract: Absolute delay of a FTD is characterized by applying a stimulus signal is applied to a first port of the FTD. A second port of the FTD is coupled to a delay element having a known delay and a reflective termination. A drive signal is applied to a third port of the FTD. A time domain reflection response to the stimulus signal is obtained and a signal peak within the response that corresponds to a return signal from the reflective termination is identified. Absolute delay of the frequency translation device is then extracted based on the known delay of the delay element and a time that corresponds to the occurrence of the identified signal peak. Delay versus frequency is characterized by isolating a segment of the obtained time domain reflection response that corresponds to a return signal from the reflective termination. Inverse frequency transforming the isolated segment of the time domain reflection response provides delay characteristics of the FTD versus frequency.

Abstract: Absolute delay of a FTD is characterized by applying a stimulus signal to a first port of the FTD. A second port of the FTD is coupled to a delay element having a known delay and a reflective termination. A drive signal is applied to a third port of the FTD. A time domain reflection response to the stimulus signal is obtained and a signal peak within the response that corresponds to a return signal from the reflective termination is identified. Absolute delay of the frequency translation device is then extracted based on the known delay of the delay element and a time that corresponds to the occurrence of the identified signal peak. Delay versus frequency is characterized by isolating a segment of the obtained time domain reflection response that corresponds to a return signal from the reflective termination. Inverse frequency transforming the isolated segment of the time domain reflection response provides delay characteristics of the FTD versus frequency.

Abstract: A solid state amplifier for a microwave transmitter includes a power divider wherein a signal to be amplified is divided into signals of equal signal levels. The equal level signals are respectively coupled to a plurality of amplifiers wherefrom the amplified signals are coupled to a combiner wherein the amplified signals are added and signal sum provided at an output terminal of the combiner. Each of the amplifiers may be comprised of a first stage amplifier, the output signal of which is coupled to a multiplicity of component amplifiers which, in tern, are coupled to a the output terminal of the first stage amplifier via a second power divider wherefrom signals of equal level are provided to the component amplifiers. Bias voltages are provided to the amplifiers via a modularized power supply having some modules with redundant converters.