Abstract: An organic expander composition for improving the cycle life and the cold crank ability properties of lead-acid batteries as compared to standard or oxylignin organic expanders. The organic expander composition is obtained by a blend of oxylignin and kraft lignin.

Abstract: An organic expander composition for improving the cycle life and the cold crank ability properties of lead-acid batteries as compared to standard or oxylignin organic expanders. The organic expander composition is obtained by a blend of oxylignin and kraft lignin.

Abstract: An organic expander composition for improving the cycle life and the cold crank ability properties of lead-acid batteries as compared to standard or oxylignin organic expanders. The organic expander composition is obtained by a blend of oxylignin and kraft lignin.

Abstract: A method of encapsulating a pesticide with an ultraviolet protectant comprises the steps of forming a slurry of a pesticide and a lignin-containing material, and spraying a stream of acid and the slurry into contact with one another to precipitate the lignin-containing material onto the pesticide and form a protective coating on the pesticide. The pesticide is preferably a biopesticide, and the lignin-containing material is preferably kraft lignin. The method is easily adapted to industrial processes currently used for pesticide production by simply changing the spray drier from a single nozzle system to a dual spray nozzle and then adding the acid stream to the dual nozzle.

Abstract: Urea fertilizer is treated with a modified lignosulfonate to harden and provide anti-caking and anti-dusting properties to the fertilizer particles. The fertilizer/modified lignosulfonate mixture includes up to about 5.0% by weight modified lignosulfonate on fertilizer. An improved method of treating urea fertilizer with a modified lignosulfonate is also disclosed.

Abstract: Wells and like borings into the earth's surface, especially those for the production of petroleum and gas, are very well and efficaciously cemented with cement compositions or pastes containing, as their effective gel control and cement set retardation agent, an additive that is a resulfonated, alkaline oxidized, hydrolyzed, partially desulfonated lignosulfonate product.

Abstract: Oil well cementing compositions and processes are produced using a high efficiency sulfoalkylated lignin retarder composition and modifications thereof to produce cement compositions without gelation problems, having high early strength and with precisely controllable setting time.

Abstract: Valuable new and widely used compositions of matter are comprised of products having enhanced solubility and increased dispersant and the like surfactant activity which products are resulfonated units of alkaline oxidized, hydrolyzed, partially desulfonated lignosulfonates.