Abstract: Examples of the disclosure relate to apparatus for providing control signals to an adjustable mirror in optical systems such as laser scanning systems. The optical systems could be LiDAR systems or optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems or any other suitable systems. The apparatus comprises means for providing a control signal to at least one adjustable mirror to control movement of the at least one adjustable mirror where the at least one adjustable mirror is provided within a laser scanning system. The control signal comprises a multi-step signal where step widths of the multi-step signal are based on half of a period of oscillation of the at least one adjustable mirror.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems, methods and/or computer programs for backscatter localization of a tag using access point (AP) mode switching. The apparatus, may comprise means for: receiving distance information associated with at least two APs from a set of at least three APs. The distance information associated with each AP of the at least two APs may be determined based on: dynamically switching the role of said each AP in a different time interval to a transmission mode for transmitting a localization signal to a tag, with the other APs in the set of APs switched to a receiving mode for receiving a backscatter signal from the tag in response to the transmitted localization signal from said each AP. Distance information determined, by the other APs, may be associated with said each AP based on the received backscatter signals corresponding to the transmitted localization signal from said each AP.

Abstract: An apparatus for positioning at least one adjustable mirror in optical systems such as laser scanning systems. The optical systems could be LiDAR systems or OCT systems or any other suitable systems. The apparatus comprises at least one adjustable mirror configured to enable laser light from a laser light source to be incident on the at least one adjustable mirror and to enable at least some of the laser light reflected by the at least one adjustable mirror to be used for scanning of a sample. The apparatus also comprises at least one image sensor and one or more optical components configured to guide, at least some, laser light reflected by the at least one adjustable mirror towards the at least one image sensor. This enables images obtained by the at least one image sensor to provide an indication of a position of the at least one adjustable mirror. This can enable an existing component of the optical system to be used to determine the position of the adjustable mirror.

Abstract: An apparatus includes first and second light sources, an optical interferometer, one or more light detectors, and an electronic processor. The second light source is configured to output light of a different wavelength than the first source. The optical interferometer has optical reference and sample arms. The optical sample arm has a first optical path to transmit light received from the first and second light sources to an area of a target and has a second optical path to transmit light collected from the area of the target to one or more interference regions. The optical reference arm is configured to transmit light received from the first light source to the one or more interference regions. Each light detector is configured to produce electrical signals indicative of measured intensities of interfered light in a corresponding one of the one or more interference regions.

Abstract: A multistatic backscatter system may comprise unsynchronized devices. The unsynchronized device may comprise two or more spatially separated transmitter devices to transmit carrier signals, a transmitter device being configured to transmit carrier signals over a frequency set of two or more different frequencies; at least one backscatter device configured to frequency-shift the carrier signals, modulate data on at least some of the carrier signals, and backscatter modulated frequency-shifted carrier signals as backscatter signals, and at least one receiver device configured to receive the carrier signals and the backscatter signals, to process them to obtain the data and determine ranging information for the backscatter device.

Abstract: A multistatic backscatter system may comprise unsynchronized devices. The unsynchronized device may comprise two or more spatially separated transmitter devices to transmit carrier signals, a transmitter device being configured to transmit carrier signals over a frequency set of two or more different frequencies; at least one backscatter device configured to frequency-shift the carrier signals, modulate data on at least some of the carrier signals, and backscatter modulated frequency-shifted carrier signals as backscatter signals, and at least one receiver device configured to receive the carrier signals and the backscatter signals, to process them to obtain the data and determine ranging information for the backscatter device.

Abstract: A collectible casing card can include a casing member, a card member that is engaged with the casing member to define a casing member interior, and a collectible that is positioned within the casing member interior. The card member and casing member can be engaged to form a flush or non-flush engagement. The collectible casing card can include a fastener that is secured to one of the casing member and the card member. The fastener can be positioned on a side wall of the card member. The collectible can include a ring. A method for manufacturing a collectible casing card can include the steps of engaging a card member and a casing member with one another to define a casing member interior and positioning the collectible within the casing member interior. The method can include the step of imprinting an image on a top surface of the card member.

Abstract: Examples of the disclosure relate to an apparatus, an optical coherence tomography device, a wearable electronic device and method of forming an apparatus for optical coherence tomography. The apparatus comprises at least one layer of silicon dioxide and an integrated optoelectronic circuit. The integrated optoelectronic circuit comprises at least an interferometer configured for optical coherence tomography wherein the integrated optoelectronic circuit is formed within the at least one layer of silicon dioxide.

Abstract: Examples of the disclosure relate to an apparatus (101), a wearable electronic device and an optical arrangement for optical coherence tomography. The apparatus comprises an optical coherence tomography system (103) and an optical arrangement (105). The optical arrangement comprises at least one means for beam shaping (109) configured to shape a beam of light from the optical coherence tomography system. The optical arrangement also comprises at least one minor (111) positioned so that light from the means for beam shaping is incident on the at least one minor. The at least one mirror is configured to move in at least one direction relative to the optical coherence tomography system.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising means for: causing illumination of different areas of a sample with an optical frequency imaging beam at different positions at different times, wherein adjacent positions are configured to cause the corresponding areas to at least partially overlap; receiving signals indicative of back-scattering of the optical frequency imaging beam from the sample at the different times; and processing the received signals to obtain an image of the sample, wherein processing the received signals compensates for phase variations between the different positions at the different times using a matched filter derived from a scattering model of the sample.

Abstract: Examples of the disclosure relate to an apparatus (101), a wearable electronic device and an optical arrangement for optical coherence tomography. The apparatus comprises an optical coherence tomography system (103) and an optical arrangement (105). The optical arrangement comprises at least one means for beam shaping (109) configured to shape a beam of light from the optical coherence tomography system. The optical arrangement also comprises at least one minor (111) positioned so that light from the means for beam shaping is incident on the at least one minor. The at least one mirror is configured to move in at least one direction relative to the optical coherence tomography system.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems, methods and/or computer programs for backscatter localization of a tag using access point (AP) mode switching. The apparatus, may comprise means for: receiving distance information associated with at least two APs from a set of at least three APs. The distance information associated with each AP of the at least two APs may be determined based on: dynamically switching the role of said each AP in a different time interval to a transmission mode for transmitting a localization signal to a tag, with the other APs in the set of APs switched to a receiving mode for receiving a backscatter signal from the tag in response to the transmitted localization signal from said each AP. Distance information determined, by the other APs, may be associated with said each AP based on the received backscatter signals corresponding to the transmitted localization signal from said each AP.

Abstract: Examples of the disclosure relate to an apparatus (101), a wearable electronic device and an optical arrangement for optical coherence tomography. The apparatus comprises an optical coherence tomography system (103) and an optical arrangement (105). The optical arrangement comprises at least one means for beam shaping (109) configured to shape a beam of light from the optical coherence tomography system. The optical arrangement also comprises at least one mirror (111) positioned so that light from the means for beam shaping is incident on the at least one mirror. The at least one mirror is configured to move in at least one direction relative to the optical coherence tomography system.

Abstract: A functionalised particle, wherein the particle has a first optical spectral signature in a first structural configuration of the particle and a second optical spectral signature in a second structural configuration of the particle.

Abstract: Examples of the disclosure relate to apparatus for providing control signals to an adjustable mirror in optical systems such as laser scanning systems. The optical systems could be LiDAR systems or optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems or any other suitable systems. The apparatus comprises means for providing a control signal to at least one adjustable mirror to control movement of the at least one adjustable mirror where the at least one adjustable mirror is provided within a laser scanning system. The control signal comprises a multi-step signal where step widths of the multi-step signal are based on half of a period of oscillation of the at least one adjustable mirror.

Abstract: An apparatus for positioning at least one adjustable mirror in optical systems such as laser scanning systems. The optical systems could be LiDAR systems or OCT systems or any other suitable systems. The apparatus comprises at least one adjustable mirror configured to enable laser light from a laser light source to be incident on the at least one adjustable mirror and to enable at least some of the laser light reflected by the at least one adjustable mirror to be used for scanning of a sample. The apparatus also comprises at least one image sensor and one or more optical components configured to guide, at least some, laser light reflected by the at least one adjustable mirror towards the at least one image sensor. This enables images obtained by the at least one image sensor to provide an indication of a position of the at least one adjustable mirror. This can enable an existing component of the optical system to be used to determine the position of the adjustable mirror.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising means for: causing illumination of different areas of a sample with an optical frequency imaging beam at different positions at different times, wherein adjacent positions are configured to cause the corresponding areas to at least partially overlap;receiving signals indicative of back-scattering of the optical frequency imaging beam from the sample at the different times; and processing the received signals to obtain an image of the sample, wherein processing the received signals compensates for phase variations between the different positions at the different times using a matched filter derived from a scattering model of the sample.

Abstract: A surface collectible (10) includes a surface member (12) and a textile (316) secured to the surface member (12). The surface member (12) is detached from a venue surface (11). The surface member (12) can be event-used. In one embodiment, the surface member (12) can include flooring. The textile (316) can include at least a portion of an article of clothing. The article of clothing can also be event-used. The surface collectible (10) can also include an image (214) imprinted on the surface member (12). The image (214) can include a sporting logo. Alternatively, the image (214) can include at least one of a professional athlete, a non-professional athlete, an athletically-involved person, an entertainer, an actor, a historical figure and a public figure. The surface collectible (10) may further include an autograph (418) inscribed on the surface member (12) and/or on the textile (316).

Abstract: The optical amplifier has an inhomogeneously broadened gain material capable of generating a plurality of ensemble gains. A first optical filter and a second optical filter are provided in the photonic integrated circuit. The apparatus has a first laser cavity which includes the optical amplifier, the first optical filter optically coupled to each other and at least two mirrors. The apparatus has a second laser cavity which includes the optical amplifier, the second optical filter optically coupled to each other and at least two mirrors. The first optical filter is tunable to a respective first ensemble gain generated by the optical amplifier and the second filter is tunable to a respective second ensemble gain generated by the optical amplifier; and the second ensemble gain is different from the first ensemble gain. A laser source and an optical transmitter are also disclosed.

Abstract: Examples of the disclosure relate to an apparatus, an optical coherence tomography device, a wearable electronic device and method of forming an apparatus for optical coherence tomography. The apparatus comprises at least one layer of silicon dioxide and an integrated optoelectronic circuit. The integrated optoelectronic circuit comprises at least an interferometer configured for optical coherence tomography wherein the integrated optoelectronic circuit is formed within the at least one layer of silicon dioxide.