Abstract: The invention relates to an additive, the use thereof and a method for inhibiting the seeding, growth and/or agglomeration of gas hydrates, whereby an effective amount of an inhibitor is added to a multi-phase mixture, comprising water, gas and, optionally, condensate, which tends to form hydrates or a drilling fluid which tends to form gas hydrates. Said inhibitor contains doubly alkoxylated quaternary ammonium compounds, whereby compounds of formula (1), where R1, R2 independently=groups of formula —(B)—(O—A)n—O—CO—R5 (2), or —(A—O)n—(C)—CO—O—R5 (3), R3=C1 to C30 alkyl or C2 to C30 alkenyl, R4=an organic group with 1 to 100 carbon atoms, optionally containing heteroatoms, R5=C1 to C30 alkyl or C2 to C30 alkenyl, n=1 to 20; A=a C2 to C4 alkylene group, B=a C1 to C10 alkylene group, C=a C1 to C6 alkylene group and X=an anion, are used as gas hydrate inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) and the salts thereof which correspond to formula (II). In said formulae, A represents C2-C4 alkylene, x represents a number between 1 and 100, y represents a number between 1 and 4, and R represents a cation. The invention also relates to the use of said compounds and the salts thereof as corrosion inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of resins, obtained by a reaction of cardanol with a compound of formula (1), where R1═H, COH, COOH, COOR2 or R2, R2═C1-C30 alkyl, C2-C30 alkenyl, C6-C18 aryl or C7-C30 alkaryl with a number average molecular weight of 250 to 100,000 units, in amounts of 0.5 to 10,000 ppm relative to the oil, for the dispersion of asphalts in crude oils or products derived therefrom.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of polymers which contain between 1 and 99 mol-% structural units of formula 1, 1

Abstract: A synchronous communication bus for transferring data between circuit modules (2), which are connected to the communication bus, having at least one data bus (1, 3), a control bus (4) and a bus control unit (5), whereby the circuit modules send an interrupt signal to the bus control unit (5) in order to request data or, respectively, to signal readiness to send data. A memory (6) for the intermediate storage of data is provided in each circuit module (2), whereby the memories (6) are connected to the data bus (1, 3) and the bus control unit (5) is provided for clearing defined memories (6) in order to direct data from selected memories (6) into the data bus (1, 3) or, respectively, from the data bus (1, 3) into the memories (6).

Abstract: Resins useful in methods of breaking oil-water emulsions. The resins obtained by reacting a compound of formula 1 with an aldehyde and alkoxylating, in any order: wherein X is —NHR1; —COOH; or —CONHR2; and is ortho—, meta— or para— to X and is a radical of —O—R3; —C(O)R4; —OC(O)R5; —NR6R7; wherein R1-R7 values are defined herein.

Abstract: Additives for improving the flowability of mineral oils, containing A) 1-40 wt. % of at least one copolymer, which is oil-soluble and improves the cold flow properties of mineral oil, B) 20-80 wt. % of at least one poly-&agr;-olefin with a molecular weight of 250-5000, derived from monoolefins with 3-5 C atoms, and C) 5-70 wt. % of at least one organic acid selected from C1) alkylphenol-aldehyde resins and C2) aliphatic and/or aromatic sulfonic acids.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of compounds of the formula (1) in which R1 is C1-C30-alkyl, C2-C30-alkenyl or a group of the formula —CH2—CO—NR2R3 or a C6-C18-aryl radical which may be substituted by a C1-C12-alkyl group, R2, R3 independently of one another, are hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl or C5-C7-cycloalkyl, or R2 and R3, including the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, form a ring of 4 to 8 ring atoms, it being possible for the ring also to contain oxygen or nitrogen atoms in addition to carbon atoms, A is a C2-C4-alkylene radical and n is an integer from 1 to 20, as gas hydrate inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of compounds of the formula (1) 1

Abstract: The invention relates to an additive for improving the cold-flow properties of crude and distillate oils, where the additive is obtainable by extraction of crude oil with supercritical gas.

Abstract: The additive described essentially comprises a selected alkoxylated fatty amine or fatty amine derivative and a special metal salt compound, preferably a metal soap. This additive for heavy oils effects a good emulsification or dispersion of asphaltenes and other higher-molecular weight compounds and, in addition, inter alia, increased storage stability, improved pumpability due to decreased viscosity of the oil and longer service lives of the filter systems. In addition, it also effects enhanced combustion of the heavy oils. The effective amount of additive in these oils is 2 to 2000 ppm. The oils described are suitable, in particular, as furnace fuel for industrial plants and power stations and as engine fuel for marine engines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to resins obtainable from compounds of the formula 1 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to resins obtained by reacting a compound of formula 1 with an aldehyde and alkoxylating, in any order: wherein X is —OH, Y is ortho-, meta- or para- to X and is a radical of formula 4, wherein R5 is a C1-C30-alkyl, C2-C30-alkenyl, C6-C18-aryl, or C7-C30-alkylaryl. The resin has a molecular mass from 250 to 100,000 and is useful in methods of breaking oil-water emulsions.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula 1 R1—O—(A—O)x—(CH2)y—R2  (1) in which R1 is branched or straight-chain C4-C30-alkyl, C4-C30-alkenyl or C4-C30-alkylaryl, A is C2-C4-alkylene, x is an integer from 1 to 100, y is 1, 2, 3 or 4 and R2 is a radical selected from structures of the formulae 2 and 3 —CO—NR3R4  (2) in which one of the radicals R3 and R4 is a hydrocarbon chain which has at least one free NH or NH2 group and the other radical is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon chain which has at least one free NH or NH2 group and R5 is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon chain which has at least one free NH or NH2 group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a synergistic mixture of A from 5 to 99% by weight of a carboxylic acid having more than 4 carbon atoms, an ethercarboxylic acid containing C18-C22-alkyl, C18-C22-alkenyl or C6-C18-alkylaryl substituents, an amidocarboxylic acid, or mixtures thereof, B from 1 to 95% by weight of a phosphoric mono- or diester, or mixtures thereof, which is substituted by C18-C22-alkyl, C18-C22-alkenyl, C6-C18-alkylaryl or alkoxylated groups, where the sum of components A and B is 100% by weight, to crude oils containing such mixtures, and to a process for dispersing asphaltenes in crude oils.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a synergistic mixture comprising, as asphaltene dispersant, from 5 to 95% by weight of a compound A of the formula I or II defined in the description, and from 5 to 95% by weight of a compound B of the formula (III) defined in the description, the substituents being defined as described in the description. The mixture is an excellent asphaltene dispersant in crude oils and products derived therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crude oils and products derived therefrom comprising, as asphaltene dispersant, ethercarboxylic acids of the formulaRO(CH.sub.2 CHR.sub.1 O).sub.x (CH.sub.2 CHR.sub.2 O).sub.y CH.sub.2 --CO.sub.2 Hwhere the substituents have the meaning defined in the description.

Abstract: Improving the flowability of mineral oils and mineral oil distillates using alkylphenol-aldehyde resinsThe invention relates to a process for improving the flowability of paraffin-containing mineral oils and mineral oil distillates by adding flow improvers based on ethylene/vinyl ester co- and terpolymers, alkylphenol-aldehyde resins and, if appropriate, other paraffin dispersants, mixtures of these different flow improvers and mineral oils and mineral oil distillates which comprise these flow improvers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crude oils and products derived therefrom, comprising, as asphaltene-dispersing agent, sarcosinates of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is C.sub.7 -C.sub.21 -alkyl or -alkenyl andR.sub.2 is H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.22 -alkyl.Precipitating out of asphaltenes is prevented by these dispersing agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of secondary alkanesulphonic acids as asphaltene dispersing agent in crude oils and products derived therefrom, wherein a chain length of 8 to 22 C atoms is present. The secondary alkanesulfonic acids are employed in an amount of from 1 to 10,000 ppm by volume. The alkanesulfonic acid is preferably formulated as a solution or microemulsion, and can further contain optional alkyl-formaldehyde resin, oxyalkylated amines, or wax-dispersing agents. The alkanesulfonic acids provide reduced precipitate amounts, slow the rate of precipitate formation, form a more finely divided precipitate and reduce the tendency of the precipitate to be deposited on surfaces.