Abstract: A circulation heater is provided which uses a cast body, having resistance heating elements therein and also having spirally wound Teflon tubing wrapped about the heater body. The heater body is formed of cast aluminum or other suitable cast material and after casting is machined to form at least one spiral channel for receiving the heater tube therein. The heater tube is pressed into the tubing channel as the heater tube is progressively wound spirally about the heater body. The channel is formed with an undercut profile wherein the channel is undercut to form a narrower mouth which allows the heater tube to be compressed and then snapped into the channel. The profile of this channel insures direct contact between the tubing and the channel wall over greater than 180 degrees or more than one half of the tube circumference to increase the area of surface contact between the heater tube and channel surface.

Abstract: A circulation heater is provided which uses a cast body, having resistance heating elements therein and also having spirally wound Teflon tubing wrapped about the heater body. The heater body is formed of cast aluminum or other suitable cast material and after casting is machined to form at least one spiral channel for receiving the heater tube therein. The heater tube is pressed into the tubing channel as the heater tube is progressively wound spirally about the heater body. The channel is formed with an undercut profile wherein the channel is undercut to form a narrower mouth which allows the heater tube to be compressed and then snapped into the channel. The profile of this channel insures direct contact between the tubing and the channel wall over greater than 180 degrees or more than one half of the tube circumference to increase the area of surface contact between the heater tube and channel surface.

Abstract: A surface mountable chip comprises a semiconductor substrate having IC devices formed thereon and also vertically exposed electrical contacts formed as part of the IC fabrication substrate. Metallization lines electrically connect the IC devices with the contacts. The inventor also contemplates wafers having electrical connection vias in place on the wafers in preparation as a product for further fabrication. A method embodiment of the invention describes methods of fabricating such surface mountable chips.

Abstract: A surface mountable chip comprises a semiconductor substrate having IC devices formed thereon and also vertically exposed electrical contacts formed as part of the IC fabrication substrate. Metallization lines electrically connect the IC devices with the contacts. The inventor also contemplates wafers having electrical connection vias in place on the wafers in preparation as a product for further fabrication. A method embodiment of the invention describes methods of fabricating such surface mountable chips.

Abstract: Novel hepatitis C virus (“HCV”) inhibitor combinations comprising an HCV protease inhibitor and HCV polymerase inhibitor, and optionally one or more biologically active agents, as well as uses of these combinations as HCV inhibitors and for treating hepatitis C and related disorders are disclosed.

Abstract: A single shot trocar-needle insertion instrument is configured for repeated use. The repeated use trocar-needle insertion gun (RUTI) operates in association with a loading tool, which for reloading, is coupled with the RUTI via a loading opening. The loading tool reloads the RUTI without requiring disassembly of the shooting mechanism. The loading opening is provided either ready open, or closed but openable in situ, where the insertion of the trocar-needle is administered. It is possible to implement a RUTI by entering a loading opening in an existing single shot trocar-needle insertion instrument (SSTI). After reloading the RUTI by help of the loading tool, a catch is operated, and, after mounting a trocar-needle and a front portion, the RUTI is returned to operative condition.

Abstract: A method and apparatus implemented on a computing device to generate competition data. An index value for each competitor is generated which provides for a comparative evaluation of competitors.

Abstract: A single shot trocar-needle insertion instrument is configured for repeated use. The repeated use trocar-needle insertion gun (RUTI) operates in association with a loading tool, which for reloading, is coupled with the RUTI via a loading opening. The loading tool reloads the RUTI without requiring disassembly of the shooting mechanism. The loading opening is provided either ready open, or closed but openable in situ, where the insertion of the trocar-needle is administered. It is possible to implement a RUTI by entering a loading opening in an existing single shot trocar-needle insertion instrument (SSTI). After reloading the RUTI by help of the loading tool, a catch is operated, and, after mounting a trocar-needle and a front portion, the RUTI is returned to operative condition.