Abstract: Tracking tags for animal tracking, methods for animal tracking with tracking tags, and systems for animal tracking. The tracking tag includes a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) module, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) module, and a controller. The controller is configured to detect, using the BLE module, when an animal is located within a zone defined by one or more repeater devices. The controller is also configured to deactivate the GNSS module when the animal is detected as being within the zone. The controller is further configured to activate the GNSS module when the animal is not detected as being within the zone.

Abstract: Tracking tag and method for livestock tracking. The tracking tag includes, in some implementations, a near-field communication (NFC) module, a battery module, and a Bluetooth module. The NFC module is programmed with a unique identifier. The battery module is coupled to the NFC module. The battery module is configured to supply battery energy when active. The battery module is also configured to activate when the NFC module is first read after being programmed with the unique identifier. The Bluetooth module is coupled to the battery module. The Bluetooth module is configured to receive the battery energy from the battery module. The Bluetooth module is also configured to transmit the unique identifier using a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) transmission protocol.

Abstract: Tracking tag and method for cattle tracking. The tracking tag includes, in some implementations, a near-field communication (NFC) module, a battery module, and a Bluetooth module. The NFC module is programmed with a unique identifier. The battery module is coupled to the NFC module. The battery module is configured to supply battery energy when active. The battery module is also configured to activate when the NFC module is first read after being programmed with the unique identifier. The Bluetooth module is coupled to the battery module. The Bluetooth module is configured to receive the battery energy from the battery module. The Bluetooth module is also configured to transmit the unique identifier using a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) transmission protocol.

Abstract: Tracking tag and method for cattle tracking. The tracking tag includes, in some implementations, a near-field communication (NFC) module, a battery module, and a Bluetooth module. The NFC module is programmed with a unique identifier. The battery module is coupled to the NFC module. The battery module is configured to supply battery energy when active. The battery module is also configured to activate when the NFC module is first read after being programmed with the unique identifier. The Bluetooth module is coupled to the battery module. The Bluetooth module is configured to receive the battery energy from the battery module. The Bluetooth module is also configured to transmit the unique identifier using a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) transmission protocol.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing integrated circuit devices includes a probe device having a plurality of probes, a first substrate comprising a product substrate having a first surface and an array of electrical contacts disposed on the first surface thereof, and a second substrate disposed between the probes and the first substrate for electrically coupling the probes to corresponding electrical contacts disposed on the first surface of the product substrate.