Abstract: A method for training a neural network (NN), the method includes: receiving a training dataset including: (a) multiple pairs of: (i) a diffraction image indicative of X-ray photons diffracted from structures formed in a sample responsively to directing an incident X-ray beam at an angle relative to the sample, and (ii) a label, including: a first parameter indicative of at least a first property of the structures, and a second parameter indicative of at least a second property of the incident X-ray beam, and (b) multiple predefined outputs for the multiple pairs, respectively. The NN is trained to obtain the predefined outputs by: (i) applying the NN to at least a given pair of the pairs, and (ii) responsively to receiving from the NN an estimated output of the given pair, providing the NN with a given predefined output of the predefined outputs that corresponds to the given pair.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for processing seismic data includes the determining, from the seismic data, a first amplitude attribute map at a first image depth corresponding to a shallow attenuating body, and a second amplitude attribute map at a second image or target depth. The first and second amplitude attribute maps are then normalized, and a ratio map is determined based on a ratio of the normalized first and second amplitude attribute maps. The ratio map is scaled to yield a scale factor map, which is then applied to the seismic data to compensate for effects of shallow overburden attenuation. The corrected seismic data may be used for subsurface characterization.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for processing seismic data includes the determining, from the seismic data, a first amplitude attribute map at a first image depth corresponding to a shallow attenuating body, and a second amplitude attribute map at a second image or target depth. The first and second amplitude attribute maps are then normalized, and a ratio map is determined based on a ratio of the normalized first and second amplitude attribute maps. The ratio map is scaled to yield a scale factor map, which is then applied to the seismic data to compensate for effects of shallow overburden attenuation.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the use of non-sulfur containing compounds and their derivatives as collectors in the froth flotation of particular mineral sulfide and metallic compounds, particularly molybdenum-containing compounds. The non-sulfur containing compounds and their derivatives may be from a natural source or synthetic. The non-sulfur containing compounds are typically compatible with common frothers. The non-sulfur containing compounds may be used singularly, with one or more derivatives, or in any combination with each other and/or known commercial sulfur containing collectors.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the use of non-sulfur containing compounds as collectors in the froth flotation of certain mineral sulfide and metallic compounds. These non-sulfur-containing compounds may be from natural sources, such as vegetable oils, or synthesized commercial sources. These non-sulfide collectors can be used singularly, in combinations, and in mixtures with known commercial sulfur containing collectors. These non-sulfur-containing collectors are compatible with common frothers.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the use of non-sulfur containing compounds as collectors in the froth flotation of certain mineral sulfide and metallic compounds. These non-sulfur-containing compounds may be from natural sources, such as vegetable oils, or synthesized commercial sources. These non-sulfide collectors can be used singularly, in combinations, and in mixtures with known commercial sulfur containing collectors. These non-sulfur-containing collectors are compatible with common frothers.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the biological production of sulfuric acid are provided. The invention utilizes a pile containing a sulfur material, an acidophilic microbe and, preferably, a packing material. The pile is aerated and contacted with an aqueous solution.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the biological production of sulfuric acid are provided. The invention utilizes a pile containing a sulfur material, an acidophilic microbe and, preferably, a packing material. The pile is aerated and contacted with an aqueous solution.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the biological production of sulfuric acid are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed and claimed are efficient methods for leaching minerals from ores using an acidic solution such as sulfuric acid. Additional factors which can improve mineral recovery include the use of an alkali metal halide, grinding the ore, addition of a carbon source, and/or adjustment of the temperature at which the process is carried out. Minerals such as titanium, iron, nickel, colbalt, silver and gold may be recovered by the methods of the present invention.

Abstract: Disclosed and claimed are efficient methods for leaching minerals from ores using an acidic solution such as sulfuric acid. Additional factors which can improve mineral recovery include the use of an alkali metal halide, grinding the ore, addition of a carbon source, and/or, adjustment of the temperature at which the process is carried out. Minerals such as titanium, iron, nickel, cobalt, silver and gold may be recovered by the methods of the present invention.

Abstract: The subject invention pertains to the use of non-toxic heavy liquids and slurries in the separation of components of ores, concentrates, residues, soils, and scrap. Specifically exemplified herein is the use of cesium and/or rubidium salts in separation processes. These salts are particularly advantageous because of their high specific gravity and solubility in water and, their low solution viscosities.