Abstract: Provided herein are compounds according to Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R5, and R7 are defined herein. Also provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula (I) as well as the use of such compounds as M4 receptor agonists.

Abstract: A method for delivering a plurality of reactor monoliths into an interior of a reactor includes providing at least one tubular member having an outer wall defining an interior space adapted to allow sliding movement of reactor monolith therethrough, and providing a plurality of engagement members located within the interior space of the at least one tubular member and spaced along a length thereof, wherein each engagement member is actuable between an extended position and a retracted position. The at least one tubular member is extended into an interior of a reactor such that a first end of the at least one tubular member is located near an opening in the reactor, and a second end of the at least one tubular member is insert into the interior of the reactor.

Abstract: A chemical reactor for catalytically processing a fluid feed stream comprises a reactor vessel incorporating a structured catalyst bed, and additionally comprises one or more catalytically active, fluid-permeable seals provided in gaps between the catalyst bed and the walls of the reactor vessel to treat portions of the fluid feed stream otherwise by-passing the structured catalyst for treatment.

Abstract: A system for writing fiber gratings has a plurality of writing stations, each writing station including a fiber mounting fixture for receiving an optical fiber to be exposed to a beam from a laser. The system includes a data capture module for capturing data generated from the exposure of optical fibers in each of the writing stations, and a steering assembly for directing the laser beam to each of the plurality of writing stations in turn.