Abstract: A piezoelectric vibrating device is disclosed. The device includes a case having a first compartment with a first compartment height. A bender element, fabricated from an piezoelectric material, is disposed within the first compartment. A motion limiter is disposed within the case for preventing damage to the bender. The motion limiter has a first portion that abuts against the case to prevent the first compartment height from compressing beyond a predetermined first compartment minimal height. The device further includes electronic controls for providing a signal to the bender element. The electronic controls further include an optimal wave form signal generator. The wave form may also be a square wave, pulse train, truncated wave or other type of wave depending on each particular application.

Abstract: A novel voice coil actuator is disclosed having a magnetic flux conductive material core, an axially focused, radially oriented magnet structure, and an electrical current conductive coil. The core has a first surface and a continuous channel disposed in the first surface. The channel has a first wall and a second opposing wall, the first wall defining a recess. The magnet structure is disposed in the recess of the first wall and spaced from the second wall so that a gap remains between the magnet structure and the second wall. The magnet structure includes a first radially polarized magnet having an axially extending surface defining an upper edge and a lower edge, a second axially polarized magnet having a second magnet radially extending surface extending radially inward from the first magnet upper edge, and a third axially polarized magnet having a third magnet radially extending surface extending radially inward from the first magnet lower edge.