Patents by Inventor Michael Gaitan
Michael Gaitan has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 11906350Abstract: A calibration apparatus for calibrating a laser Doppler vibrometer includes: a frequency shifter stage that: receives, from the laser Doppler vibrometer, primary laser light; produces frequency shifted light; communicates the frequency shifted light to a reflector; receives frequency shifted light reflected by the reflector; produces secondary light; and communicates the secondary light to the laser Doppler vibrometer, such that the laser Doppler vibrometer receives the secondary light from the frequency shifter stage and produces a synthetic velocity shift from the secondary light; and the reflector that receives and reflects the frequency shifted light back to the frequency shifter stage.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 2021Date of Patent: February 20, 2024Assignee: GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, AS REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCEInventors: Michael Gaitan, Jon Clement Geist, Benjamin James Reschovsky, Akobuije Douglas Eziani Chijioke
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Publication number: 20210381883Abstract: A calibration apparatus for calibrating a laser Doppler vibrometer includes: a frequency shifter stage that: receives, from the laser Doppler vibrometer, primary laser light; produces frequency shifted light; communicates the frequency shifted light to a reflector; receives frequency shifted light reflected by the reflector; produces secondary light; and communicates the secondary light to the laser Doppler vibrometer, such that the laser Doppler vibrometer receives the secondary light from the frequency shifter stage and produces a synthetic velocity shift from the secondary light; and the reflector that receives and reflects the frequency shifted light back to the frequency shifter stage.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 2, 2021Publication date: December 9, 2021Inventors: Michael Gaitan, Jon Clement Geist, Benjamin James Reschovsky, Akobuije Douglas Eziani Chijioke
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Publication number: 20160018359Abstract: Various aspects are described for selectivity capturing cells or bioparticles on designated surfaces in dielectrophoretic systems and processes. A particular adhesive composition is described for enhancing cell retention. In addition, certain permeable polyester membranes used in the systems and processes are also described.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 6, 2015Publication date: January 21, 2016Inventors: Michael Gaitan, John T. Elliott, Jennifer Hong Gordon, Darwin R. Reyes-Hernandez, Petra S. Dittrich, Conni Hanke
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Patent number: 9198645Abstract: Methods for the formation of liposomes that encapsulate reagents in a continuous 2-phase flow microfluidic network with precision control of size, for example, from 100 nm to 300 nm, by manipulation of liquid flow rates are described. By creating a solvent-aqueous interfacial region in a microfluidic format that is homogenous and controllable on the length scale of a liposome, fine control of liposome size and polydispersity can be achieved.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 2004Date of Patent: December 1, 2015Assignee: The United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of Commerce of The National Institute of Standards and TechnologyInventors: Andreas Jahn, Wyatt N. Vreeland, Laurie E. Locascio, Michael Gaitan
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Patent number: 9101939Abstract: Various aspects are described for selectivity capturing cells or bioparticles on designated surfaces in dielectrophoretic systems and processes. A particular adhesive composition is described for enhancing cell retention. In addition, certain permeable polyester membranes used in the systems and processes are also described.Type: GrantFiled: September 21, 2012Date of Patent: August 11, 2015Assignee: THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, AS REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE, THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGYInventors: Michael Gaitan, John T. Elliott, Jennifer Hong Gordon, Darwin R. Reyes-Hernandez, Petra S. Dittrich, Conni Hanke
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Patent number: 8715591Abstract: An apparatus to create a homogenous liposome population without post-processing using laminar flow/diffusive mixing, and for reducing waste discharge of the therapeutic or compound to be encapsulated and delivered by the liposomes.Type: GrantFiled: April 19, 2010Date of Patent: May 6, 2014Assignee: The United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of Commerce, the National Institute of Standards and TechnologyInventors: Michael Gaitan, Andreas Jahn, Laurie E. Locascio, Wyatt Vreeland, Joseph E. Reiner
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Patent number: 8435415Abstract: A nanofabrication process for use with a photoresist that is disposed on a substrate includes the steps of exposing the photoresist to a grayscale radiation pattern, developing the photoresist to remove a irradiated portions and form a patterned topography having a plurality of nanoscale critical dimensions, and selectively etching the photoresist and the substrate to transfer a corresponding topography having a plurality of nanoscale critical dimensions into the substrate.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 2009Date of Patent: May 7, 2013Assignees: The United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of Commerce, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Cornell University—Cornell Center for Technology, Enterprise & CommercializationInventors: Samuel Martin Stavis, Elizabeth Arlene Strychalski, Michael Gaitan
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Publication number: 20110123771Abstract: A nanofabrication process for use with a photoresist that is disposed on a substrate includes the steps of exposing the photoresist to a grayscale radiation pattern, developing the photoresist to remove a irradiated portions and form a patterned topography having a plurality of nanoscale critical dimensions, and selectively etching the photoresist and the substrate to transfer a corresponding topography having a plurality of nanoscale critical dimensions into the substrate.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 24, 2009Publication date: May 26, 2011Inventors: Samuel Martin Stavis, Elizabeth Arlene Strychalski, Michael Gaitan
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Publication number: 20100202928Abstract: An apparatus to create a homogenous liposome population without post-processing using laminar flow/diffusive mixing, and for reducing waste discharge of the therapeutic or compound to be encapsulated and delivered by the liposomes.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 19, 2010Publication date: August 12, 2010Inventors: Michael Gaitan, Andreas Jahn, Laune E. Locascio, Wyatt Vreeland, Joseph E. Reiner
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Publication number: 20050112184Abstract: Methods for the formation of liposomes that encapsulate reagents in a continuous 2-phase flow microfluidic network with precision control of size, for example, from 100 nm to 300 nm, by manipulation of liquid flow rates are described. By creating a solvent-aqueous interfacial region in a microfluidic format that is homogenous and controllable on the length scale of a liposome, fine control of liposome size and polydispersity can be achieved.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 21, 2004Publication date: May 26, 2005Inventors: Andreas Jahn, Wyatt Vreeland, Laurie Locascio, Michael Gaitan
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Publication number: 20050074900Abstract: Described are microfluidic devices for, preferably, high-throughput, multi-analyte, affinity capture and detection of affinity-bindable analytes in biological fluids. Particularly, the devices can be used for immunoassays of biological fluids using multiple antibodies for capture and detection of multiple analytes, including proteins. The devices can be used for the simultaneous isolation and quantization of multiple proteins from microliter samples of biological fluids. Also described are methods for detecting and, optionally, quantifying, affinity-bindable analytes in biological fluids using these devices.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 2, 2004Publication date: April 7, 2005Inventors: Nicole Morgan, Michael Gaitan, Laurie Locascio, Terry Phillips, Thomas Pohida, Paul Smith
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Patent number: 6303976Abstract: A method for forming a single cavity in a substrate, which may extend approximately the length of a device located on top of the substrate, and device produced thereby. The device has a length and a width, and may extend approximately the length of the substrate. After locating the device on the surface of the substrate, a first etchant is applied through openings on the surface of the substrate. Subsequently, a second etchant is applied through the same openings on the surface of the substrate. As a result, a single cavity is formed beneath the surface of the device, suspending the device and minimizing electrical coupling.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 2000Date of Patent: October 16, 2001Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of CommerceInventors: Michael Gaitan, Edwin D. Bowen, Veljko Milanovic
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Patent number: 6171880Abstract: A method is provided for the manufacture of a convective accelerometer and tilt sensor device using CMOS techniques. An integrated circuit chip is produced which includes a silicon substrate having an integrated circuit pattern thereon including a heater element located centrally of the substrate and at least first and second thermocouple elements located on the substrate on opposite sides of the heater element. Thereafter, portions of the substrate surrounding and beneath the heater and thermocouple elements are etched away to suspend the element on the substrate and thus to thermally isolate the elements from the substrate. The substrate is etched up to the cold thermocouple junction of the thermocouple elements so the cold junction remains on the substrate.Type: GrantFiled: June 14, 1999Date of Patent: January 9, 2001Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of CommerceInventors: Michael Gaitan, Nim Tea, Edwin D. Bowen, Veljko Milanovic
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Patent number: 6107210Abstract: A method for forming a single cavity in a substrate, which may extend approximately the length of a device located on top of the substrate, and device produced thereby. The device has a length and a width, and may extend approximately the length of the substrate. After locating the device on the surface of the substrate, a first etchant is applied through openings on the surface of the substrate. Subsequently, a second etchant is applied through the same openings on the surface of the substrate. As a result, a single cavity is formed beneath the surface of the device, suspending the device and minimizing electrical coupling.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 1998Date of Patent: August 22, 2000Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of CommerceInventors: Michael Gaitan, Edwin D. Bowen, Veljko Milanovic
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Patent number: 6079873Abstract: A differential scanning microcalorimeter produced on a silicon chip enables microscopic scanning calorimetry measurements of small samples and thin films. The chip may be fabricated using standard CMOS processes. The microcalorimeter includes a reference zone and a sample zone. The reference and sample zones may be at opposite ends of a suspended platform or may reside on separate platforms. An integrated polysilicon heater provides heat to each zone. A thermopile consisting of a succession of thermocouple junctions generates a voltage representing the temperature difference between the reference and sample zones. Temperature differences between the zones provide information about the chemical reactions and phase transitions that occur in a sample placed in the sample zone.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 1998Date of Patent: June 27, 2000Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of CommerceInventors: Richard E. Cavicchi, Gregory Ernest Poirier, John S. Suehle, Michael Gaitan, Nim H. Tea
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Patent number: 5920067Abstract: An improved test structure for measurement of width of conductive lines formed on substrates as performed in semiconductor fabrication, and an improved reference grid for calibrating instruments for such measurements, is formed from a monocrystalline starting material, having an insulative layer formed beneath its surface by ion implantation or the equivalent, leaving a monocrystalline layer on the surface. The monocrystalline surface layer is then processed by preferential etching to accurately define components of the test structure. The substrate can be removed from the rear side of the insulative layer to form a transparent window, such that the test structure can be inspected by transmissive-optical techniques. Measurements made using electrical and optical techniques can be correlated with other measurements, including measurements made using scanning probe microscopy.Type: GrantFiled: May 21, 1997Date of Patent: July 6, 1999Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of CommerceInventors: Michael W. Cresswell, R. N. Ghoshtagore, Loren W. Linholm, Richard A. Allen, Jeffry J. Sniegowski, William B. Penzes, Michael Gaitan
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Patent number: 5910659Abstract: A thermal cell has an infrared source element for producing an infrared signal and a spatial decorrelator element which spatially decorrelates the generated infrared signal to increase the fill factor of the thermal cell. The infrared source element includes an infrared generating cell, with a resistive element. The spatial decorrelator element is disposed above and spaced apart from the infrared source element and has an aperture formed therein and through which the infrared signal radiates. The aperture extends substantially orthogonal to the primary surface of the source element and between primary surfaces of the decorrelator element, which are in turn substantially parallel with the source element primary surface. The side walls of the aperture reflect the infrared signal.Type: GrantFiled: April 30, 1996Date of Patent: June 8, 1999Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of CommerceInventors: Ralph Barry Johnson, Michael Gaitan, Ronald C. L. Chung
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Patent number: 5464966Abstract: A design and fabrication methodology, for silicon micromachined micro-hotplates which are manufactured using commercial CMOS foundries techniques with additional post-fabrication processing. The micro-hotplates are adaptable for a host of applications. The methodology for the fabrication of the micro-hotplates is based on commercial CMOS compatible micromachining techniques. The novel aspects of the micro-hotplates are in the design, choice and layout of the materials layers, and the applications for the devices. The micro-hotplates have advantages over other similar devices in the manufacture by a standard CMOS process which include low-cost and easy integration of VLSI circuits for drive, communication, and control. The micro-hotplates can be easily incorporated into arrays of micro-hotplates each with individualized circuits for control and sensing for independent operation.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 1992Date of Patent: November 7, 1995Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of CommerceInventors: Michael Gaitan, John S. Suehle, Stephen Semancik, Richard E. Cavicchi
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Patent number: 5383136Abstract: A test structure for submicrometer metrology as used in integrated circuit manufacture comprises a bridge conductor divided into three segments by pairs of voltage taps. A first segment has no intermediate taps; a second segment has a number of dummy taps intermediate its ends; and a third segment has a single central tap, which may typically be formed in a different step than the remainder of the test structure, intermediate its ends. Preferably, the central tap extends from the same side of the bridge conductor as the taps at the ends of the third segment thereof. In order to evaluate a manufacturing operation, for example, to monitor the accuracy of registration of successive manufacturing steps, test signals are applied successively between the pairs of pads.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 1992Date of Patent: January 17, 1995Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of CommerceInventors: Michael Cresswell, Richard Allen, Loren Linholm, Michael Gaitan
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Patent number: 5356756Abstract: Arrays of microfabricated hotplates have been used as substrate arrays for materials processing on a microscopic scale. Properties of individual elements (pixels) of the array, such as temperature and voltage bias, are controlled by addressing a given pixel with appropriate signals. Materials are deposited onto pixels with individually controlled deposition conditions (pixel temperature, bias). Pixels are also addressed to control properties during post-deposition processing steps such as heating in vacuum or various gases to alter stoichiometry of a single material, or to alloy multiple composition materials. The addressable heating characteristics may also be used for a maskless lithography on pixel elements. The result is an array of separately, but simultaneously, processed films. Properties of film elements may be measured using electrical contact pads.Type: GrantFiled: October 26, 1992Date of Patent: October 18, 1994Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of CommerceInventors: Richard Cavicchi, Stephen Semancik, John S. Suehle, Michael Gaitan