Abstract: A method of forming air gaps within a solid structure is provided. In this method, a sacrificial material is covered by an overlayer. The sacrificial material is then removed through the overlayer to leave an air gap. Such air gaps are particularly useful as insulation between metal lines in an electronic device such as an electrical interconnect structure. Structures containing air gaps are also provided.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a communication system that includes a first licensed wireless communication system, a second generic access network (GAN) that includes a generic access network controller (GANC). The GANC is communicatively coupled to the first communication system through a universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) Iu interface. The communication system also includes a user equipment (UE). The GANC includes a UDP protocol layer and a GTP-U protocol layer over the UDP protocol layer of the GANC. The UE includes a UDP protocol layer and a GTP-U protocol layer over said UDP protocol layer of the UE. The UDP protocol layer of the GANC is communicatively coupled to the UDP protocol layer of the UE. The GTP-U protocol layer of the GANC is communicatively coupled to the GTP-U protocol layer of the UE.

Abstract: A combined computer screen protector and document holder (a screen guard) which can be manufactured as part of or incorporated onto the front of a computer monitor and via a hinge can be easily moved between positions as a screen protector providing anti-glare and privacy functions to that of a tray or support providing document holding and retention functions is presented. The screen protector and document holder comprises two sections, a longitudinal flat section and a flange, which can be integrally connected to one another, which by means of slots cut through the longitudinal section on a side opposite to the flange connect to hinges set onto a computer monitor. The screen protector and document holder can be moved between the two positions by applying physical pressure to move it around the hinge.

Abstract: A materials handling vehicle is provided. The vehicle comprises a main body, a seat deck assembly including an operator seat, and structure for movably mounting the seat deck assembly to the main body. The seat deck assembly moves relative to the main body along a varying radius path.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method and apparatus for seamlessly providing voice and data services across a licensed wireless network while accessing a second different communication network through a user equipment. The first and second communication networks include licensed wireless networks, unlicensed wireless networks, or Internet Protocol (IP) networks, to name a few. Furthermore, some embodiments of the second communication network include a modified interface for directly interfacing with components of the first communication network in order to pass and retrieve data packets from the user equipment.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method and apparatus for seamlessly providing the location of user equipment of a first communication network while accessing a second different communication network. The first and second communication networks may include licensed wireless networks, unlicensed wireless networks, or internet protocol (IP) networks, to name a few. Furthermore, some embodiments provide a civic address as the location information for identifying the location of the caller.

Abstract: The invention discloses a wireless communication handset comprising licensed wireless communication signal processing circuitry and unlicensed wireless communication signal processing circuitry. The invention further discloses a control circuit connected to both the licensed wireless communication signal processing circuitry and the unlicensed wireless communication signal processing circuitry, and a computer readable memory for directing the control circuit to function in a specified manner. This memory includes instructions to formulate a measurement report containing signal strength information that corresponds to the strength of a signal received through the unlicensed wireless communication signal processing circuitry. The measurement report also contains a request to transfer a wireless communication session from a licensed wireless system to an unlicensed wireless system.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a photonic crystal or photonic band gap optical fiber comprises providing a preform that includes a plurality of holes in an outer diameter, wherein the holes extend from a first end of a preform to a second end of the preform, and forming at least one radially inwardly-extending slot within the preform such that the slot intersects at least some of the holes, wherein the slot does not intersect at least one hole. The method also includes establishing a first pressure in the holes intersected by the slot by introducing the first pressure to the slot, and establishing a second pressure in the at least one hole not intersected by the slot by introducing the second pressure to an end of the at least one hole not intersected by the slot. The method further includes drawing the preform into a fiber while independently controlling the first and second pressures.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention relates to coating compositions that comprise a resin component, wherein the predominant portion of the resin component comprising one or more resins that are at least substantially free of fluorine. Coating compositions of the invention are useful as photoresist overcoat layers, including in immersion lithography processing.

Abstract: A common rail fuel injection apparatus (1) for a multi-bank, diesel locomotive engine (10). A common rail (20,22) is disposed proximate each bank (20,22) of cylinders (12) of the engine to provide high pressure fuel (30) to a fuel flow control apparatus (14) associated with each respective cylinder. A plurality of high-pressure fuel pumps (34) provides high-pressure fuel to at least one of the common rails. A fluid cross connection (38) is provided to convey high pressure fuel between the two common rails, thereby providing for the continued delivery of fuel to all cylinders in the event of a failure of one of the high pressure pumps. The high-pressure pumps are motivated by fuel lobes (64) located on camshaft sections (50a, 50b, 50c) adjoined at a gear driven end 58 of the camshaft (50).

Abstract: An operator's compartment for an industrial vehicle comprises a platform floor, an operator's seat, at least one presence sensing device and a control module. The operator's seat has a base structure coupled to the platform floor and an operator support coupled to the base structure such that the operator support may be rotated with respect to the platform floor. Each provided presence sensing device is arranged to sense an operator's presence in a predetermined location in or about the operator's compartment and the control module is configured to control at least one operation of the vehicle based upon a rotational position of the operator's seat and a signal from at least one of the presence sensing device(s).

Abstract: In one aspect, coating compositions are provided that comprise a component a component that comprises one or more silicon, antimony, aluminum, yttrium, cerium, lanthanum, tin, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, indium or zinc compounds. In another aspect, coating compositions are provided that comprise a plurality of discrete particles. Preferred coating compositions of the invention are useful for antireflective purposes, particularly with an underlaying photoresist coating layer, as well as for a barrier layer in immersion lithography.

Abstract: The invention includes new organic-containing compositions that can finction as. an antireflective layer for an overcoated photoresist. Compositions of the invention also can serve effectively as a hard mask layer by exhibiting a sufficient plasma etch selectivity from an undercoated layer. Preferred compositions of the invention have a high Si content and comprise a blend of distinct resins.

Abstract: Media routes may be optimized in network communications, such a radio telephony communications networks. In one embodiment, the description includes identifying a first network controller corresponding to a first media communications client, identifying a second network controller corresponding to a second media communications client, determining whether the first and second network controller coincide, and if the first and second network controller coincide, then establishing a direct media communications connection between the first and the second client.

Abstract: Mechanisms to extend UMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access) or GAN (General Access Network) to inter-work with a UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) core network. A UMA network controller (UNC) is provided to interface between a UMA network and a UMTS core network using the standard Iu-CS and Iu-PS interfaces. From the viewpoint of the UMTS core network, the UNC appears as another Radio Network Controller (RNC). Protocol layer schemes are disclosed for mobile stations, UNCs, SGSNs and MSCs to support signaling and data messaging in both the packet-switched and connection-switched domains. The mobile stations provide dual-mode operation, such that they are able to access the UMTS core network via unlicensed service when in a UMA access area, and to access the UMTS core network via licensed service when outside of a UMA access area and in a UTRAN service area.

Abstract: Call control and related messaging may be communicated between systems that operate using different protocols. In one version, a process is described that includes generating a message in a first telephony signaling protocol, wrapping the message in a message of a second telephony signaling protocol, and sending the wrapped message to a telephony switch using the second telephony signaling protocol.

Abstract: A diesel engine (10) wherein both the operating speed of the engine (RPM) and the timing of the fuel injection into the engine (AA) are cooperatively controlled to be responsive to both the temperature and the pressure of the air (30) used for combustion. A controller (44) receives a temperature signal (28), an air pressure signal (36), and a power demand signal (24) and executes control logic to produce a fuel injection control signal (46) and an engine speed control signal (48) for controlling a fuel injection system (16). A control strategy based on engine inlet air temperature and pressure or manifold air density may be useful for variable speed and power applications. For applications with discreet speed and power points, such as a locomotive, a speed and timing control strategy based on ambient temperature and pressure is useful for maximizing power during high altitude and/or high ambient/inlet air temperature operation.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a system for authorization and authentication of an unlicensed mobile access (UMA) subscriber. The system includes an UMA network controller (UNC) which is communicatively coupled to a licensed wireless communication system. The system also includes an access point (AP) that serves a wireless local area network (WLAN). The system further includes a mobile station (MS) that is communicatively coupled to the AP and the licensed wireless communication system. The system also includes an authentication server that is communicatively coupled to the UNC. The authentication server authenticates a UMA subscriber for accessing an unlicensed mobile access network (UMAN) that includes the UNC and the AP. Some embodiments define an interface between the UNC and the authentication server uses Remote Access Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) protocol. In some embodiments, the authentication server is an Authorization, Authentication, and Accounting (AAA) server.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a system for authorization and authentication of an unlicensed mobile access (UMA) subscriber. The system includes an UMA network controller (UNC) which is communicatively coupled to a licensed wireless communication system. The system also includes an access point (AP) that serves a wireless local area network (WLAN). The system further includes a mobile station (MS) that is communicatively coupled to the AP and the licensed wireless communication system. The system also includes an authentication server that is communicatively coupled to the UNC. The authentication server authenticates a UMA subscriber for accessing an unlicensed mobile access network (UMAN) that includes the UNC and the AP. Some embodiments define an interface between the UNC and the authentication server uses Remote Access Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) protocol. In some embodiments, the authentication server is an Authorization, Authentication, and Accounting (AAA) server.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a system for handling communications between an unlicensed mobile access (UMA) network controller (UNC) and a licensed wireless communication system. The systems of these embodiments include a serving general packet radio service support node (SGSN) or a mobile switching center (MSC) that is communicatively coupled to the UNC. In such systems the UNC and the SGSN communicate utilizing a subset of a protocol standard message set. The protocol standard message set includes messages for handing discovery and registration, circuit switching domain and packet switching domain signaling, and circuit switching based data and packet switching based data. The subset for the SGSN is for handling packet switched domain signals and packet switching based data. The subset for the MSC is for handling circuit switched domain signals and circuit switching based data.