Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing molten metals and/or slags thereof which involves top-blowing at least one reduction gas stream wherein fine grained coal or coke particles and injected for covering the surface of the molten metal beyond the blow impression formed by the reduction gas stream. The particles of the stream are at least partially gasified into a carbon monoxide (CO) contained reduction gas stream before they hit the metal surface, so that a mixture of carbon monoxide and coke is blown onto the metal surface together with the reduction gas stream. The coke particles are then radially moved toward the outside of the blow impression at all sides to form a thin veil beyond the perimeter of the blow impressions.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the removal of arsenic compounds from an arsenic-containing material wherein the material is reacted with an oxygen carrier and a sulfur carrier under temperature conditions sufficiently high to convert the arsenic compounds to sulfides and the arsenic sulfides are thereupon condensed and deposited in solid form.