Abstract: Compounds of Formula 1 where X is S and the variables have the meaning defined in the specification are specific or selective to alpha2B and/or alpha2C adrenergic receptors in preference over alpha2A adrenergic receptors, and as such have no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity. These compounds of Formula 1 are useful as medicaments in mammals, including humans, for treatment of diseases and or alleviations of conditions which are responsive to treatment by agonists of alpha2B adrenergic receptors. Compounds of Formula 1 where X is O also have the advantageous property that they have no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity and are useful for treating pain and other conditions with no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula 1 where X is S and the variables have the meaning defined in the specification are specific or selective to alpha2B and/or alpha2C adrenergic receptors in preference over alpha2A adrenergic receptors, and as such have no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity. These compounds of Formula 1 are useful as medicaments in mammals, including humans, for treatment of diseases and or alleviations of conditions which are responsive to treatment by agonists of alpha2B adrenergic receptors. Compounds of Formula 1 where X is O also have the advantageous property that they have no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity and are useful for treating pain and other conditions with no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of imidazoles by reacting a cyano compound with a silylalkylisocyanide compound. Such imidazoles are useful pharmacologically-active compounds and/or intermediates for the preparation of pharmacologically-active compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of making an imidazole 2-thione which comprises the step(s) of reducing a thiohydantoin to said imidazole-2-thione.

Abstract: A method of 4-substituted imidazole-2-ones and thiones which comprises reacting a methylene urea or methylene thiourea wherein said methylene is substituted with the 4-subsituent and a cyano or alkycarboxylate group to provide said 4-substituted imidazole 2-one or thione.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of imidazoles by reacting a cyano compound with a silylalkylisocyanide compound. Such imidazoles are useful pharmacologically-active compounds and/or intermediates for the preparation of pharmacologically-active compounds.

Abstract: A compound comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, having the groups described in detail herein is disclosed. Also disclosed herein are compounds comprising or derivatives thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, tetrazoles, or prodrugs of compounds of the structure or derivatives thereof, said derivatives being described in detail herein. Also disclosed herein are methods of treating diseases or conditions, including glaucoma and elevated intraocular pressure. Compositions and methods of manufacturing medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula 1 where X is S and the variables have the meaning defined in the specification are specific or selective to alpha2B and/or alpha2C adrenergic receptors in preference over alpha2A adrenergic receptors, and as such have no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity. These compounds of Formula 1 are useful as medicaments in mammals, including humans, for treatment of diseases and or alleviations of conditions which are responsive to treatment by agonists of alpha2B adrenergic receptors. Compounds of Formula 1 where X is O also have the advantageous property that they have no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity and are useful for treating pain and other conditions with no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity.

Abstract: A chemical conjugate for administration to a patient undergoing photodynamic therapy includes a photoactive compound coupled to a leakage reducing agent that is structured to reduce leakage of the photoactive compound from a patient's vasculature. The leakage reducing agent may be a bulking agent to reduce, for example, sterically reduce, the permeability of the photoactive compound through the blood vessel, or it may be a ligand that binds to endothelial cells of a patient's choriocapillaries. The conjugate may be used in methods of reducing secondary damage associated with photodynamic therapy.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula 1 where X is S and the variables have the meaning defined in the specification are specific or selective to alpha2B and/or alpha2C adrenergic receptors in preference over alpha2A adrenergic receptors, and as such have no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity. These compounds of Formula 1 are useful as medicaments in mammals, including humans, for treatment of diseases and or alleviations of conditions which are responsive to treatment by agonists of alpha2B adrenergic receptors. Compounds of Formula 1 where X is O also have the advantageous property that they have no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity and are useful for treating pain and other conditions with no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity.

Abstract: A compound of the formula or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is disclosed herein. Methods and compositions related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula 1 where X is S and the variables have the meaning defined in the specification are specific or selective to alpha2B and/or alpha2C adrenergic receptors in preference over alpha2A adrenergic receptors, and as such have no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity. These compounds of Formula 1 are useful as medicaments in mammals, including humans, for treatment of diseases and or alleviations of conditions which are responsive to treatment by agonists of alpha2B adrenergic receptors. Compounds of Formula 1 where X is O also have the advantageous property that they have no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity and are useful for treating pain and other conditions with no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of making an imidazole-2-thione which comprises the steps of reacting a vicinal diamine with a compound having a thiocarbonyl moiety and oxidizing the resulting reaction product to obtain said imidazole-2-thione.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof; wherein Y, A, B, J, and E are further described. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, wherein a dashed line represents the presence or absence of a bond; Y is a carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid, or phosphonic acid functional group; or an amide or ester thereof comprising from 0 to 12 carbon atoms; or Y is hydroxymethyl or an ether thereof comprising from 0 to 12 carbon atoms; or Y is a tetrazolyl functional group; A is —(CH2)6—, cis —CH2—CH?CH—(CH2)3—, or —CH2—C?C—(CH2)3— wherein 1 or 2 carbons may be substituted with S or O; B is hydrogen, C1-6 hydrocarbyl, CN, CO2H, or —(CH2)mX(CH2)pH, wherein m is at least 1 and the sum of m and p is from 1 to 5; X is S or O; J is H, CH3, or CF3; D is a covalent bond, CH2, O, or S; and E is an aromatic heterobicyclic ring system which may have substituents comprising up to 6 non-hydrogen atoms each. Methods, compositions, and medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods and compositions related to compound 1 or compound 2 or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, or prodrugs thereof, which are antagonists of a prostaglandin EP4 receptor, or are prostaglandin EP4 antagonists.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula 1 where the variables have the meaning defined in the specification are agonists of alpha2 adrenergic receptors. Several compounds of the disclosure are specific or selective to alpha2B and/or alpha2C adrenergic receptors in preference over alpha2A adrenergic receptors. Additionally some of the claimed compounds have no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity. The compounds of Formula 1 are useful as medicaments in mammals, including humans, for treatment of diseases and or alleviations of conditions which are responsive to treatment by agonists of alpha2 adrenergic receptors. Compounds of Formula 1 which have no significant cardiovascular and/or sedatory activity are useful for treating pain and other conditions with minimal side effects.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula 1 where the variables have the meaning defined in the specification are used to activate alpha2 adrenergic receptors. The compounds of Formula 1 are incorporated in pharmaceutical compositions and are used as medicaments in mammals, including humans, for treatment of diseases and or alleviations of conditions which are responsive to treatment by agonists of alpha2 adrenergic receptors.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula 1 where the variables have the meaning defined in the specification are agonists of alpha2 adrenergic receptors. Several compounds of the disclosure are specific or selective to alpha2B and/or alpha2C adrenergic receptors in preference over alpha2A adrenergic receptors. Additionally some of the claimed compounds have no or only minimal cardivascular and/or sedatory activity. The compounds of Formula 1 are useful as medicaments in mammals, including humans, for treatment of diseases and or alleviations of conditions which are responsive to treatment by agonists of alpha2 adrenergic receptors. Compounds of Formula 1 which have no significant cardiovascular and/or sedatory activity are useful for treating pain and other conditions with minimal side effects.

Abstract: A compound comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof, having the groups described in detail herein is disclosed. Also disclosed herein are compounds comprising or derivatives thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, tetrazoles, or prodrugs of compounds of the structure or derivatives thereof, said derivatives being described in detail herein. Also disclosed herein are methods of treating diseases or conditions, including glaucoma and elevated intraocular pressure. Compositions and methods of manufacturing medicaments related thereto are also disclosed.