Abstract: A power module includes a first board comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other and perpendicular to a bottom surface of the power module for mounting the power module to a circuit board, the bottom surface providing electrical connections to the circuit board, a first charge pump assembly mounted on the first surface, the first charge pump assembly comprising a first power conversion circuit configured to convert an input voltage to an output voltage, and a first vertical heatsink structure arranged adjacent to the first charge pump assembly, the first charge pump assembly being placed between the first vertical heatsink structure and the first board.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for securely distributing secret keys for hardware devices is disclosed. A distributor server transmits to a provider server an order for hardware devices. Each hardware device has a unique identifier and at least one secret key for authentication. The provider server sends a database associated with the distributor, for each of the hardware devices, the unique identifier and an unencrypted version of the at least one secret key. In response to an order received by the distributor from a customer for a portion of the hardware devices, the distributor server provides the database the unique identifiers and an associated customer order identifier, and the distributor server provides a customer server the unique identifiers. In response to the customer providing order information, the database provides the customer the unencrypted keys for the hardware devices to enable authentication.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for securely distributing secret keys for hardware devices is disclosed. A distributor server transmits to a provider server an order for hardware devices. Each hardware device has a unique identifier and at least one secret key for authentication. The provider server sends a database associated with the distributor, for each of the hardware devices, the unique identifier and an unencrypted version of the at least one secret key. In response to an order received by the distributor from a customer for a portion of the hardware devices, the distributor server provides the database the unique identifiers and an associated customer order identifier, and the distributor server provides a customer server the unique identifiers. In response to the customer logging into the database and providing the order information, the database provides the customer the unencrypted keys for the hardware devices to allow authentication.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for securely distributing secret keys for hardware devices is disclosed. A distributor server transmits to a provider server an order for hardware devices. Each hardware device has a unique identifier and at least one secret key for authentication. The provider server sends a database associated with the distributor, for each of the hardware devices, the unique identifier and an unencrypted version of the at least one secret key. In response to an order received by the distributor from a customer for a portion of the hardware devices, the distributor server provides the database the unique identifiers and an associated customer order identifier, and the distributor server provides a customer server the unique identifiers. In response to the customer logging into the database and providing the order information, the database provides the customer the unencrypted keys for the hardware devices to allow authentication.

Abstract: A power converter includes a PCB and a semiconductor die coupled to the PCB. The semiconductor die includes first through fourth switching devices. The power converter further includes a first energy storage element electrically connected to the first and second switching devices and a second energy storage element electrically connected to the third and fourth switching devices. The first energy storage element is mounted over the first and second switching devices and the second energy storage element is mounted over the third and fourth switching devices.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds and methods, for example, to carry out organocatalytic Michael additions of aldehydes to cyclically constrained nitroethylene compounds catalyzed by a proline derivative to provide cyclically constrained ?-substituted-?-nitro-aldehydes. The reaction can be rendered enantioselective when a chiral pyrrolidine catalyst is used, allowing for Michael adducts in nearly optically pure form (e.g., 96 to >99% e.e.). The Michael adducts can bear a single substituent or dual substituents adjacent to the carbonyl. The Michael adducts can be efficiently converted to cyclically constrained protected ?-amino acid residues, which are essential for systematic conformational studies of ?-peptide foldamers. New methods are also provided to prepare other ?-amino acids and peptides. These new building blocks can be used to prepare foldamers, such as ?/?-peptide foldamers, that adopt specific helical conformations in solution and in the solid state.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds and methods, for example, to carry out organocatalytic Michael additions of aldehydes to cyclically constrained nitroethylene compounds catalyzed by a proline derivative to provide cyclically constrained ?-substituted-?-nitro-aldehydes. The reaction can be rendered enantioselective when a chiral pyrrolidine catalyst is used, allowing for Michael adducts in nearly optically pure form (e.g., 96 to >99% e.e.). The Michael adducts can bear a single substituent or dual substituents adjacent to the carbonyl. The Michael adducts can be efficiently converted to cyclically constrained protected ?-amino acid residues, which are essential for systematic conformational studies of ?-peptide foldamers. New methods are also provided to prepare other ?-amino acids and peptides. These new building blocks can be used to prepare foldamers, such as ?/?-peptide foldamers, that adopt specific helical conformations in solution and in the solid state.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds and methods, for example, to carry out organocatalytic Michael additions of aldehydes to cyclically constrained nitroethylene compounds catalyzed by a proline derivative to provide cyclically constrained ?-substituted-?-nitro-aldehydes. The reaction can be rendered enantioselective when a chiral pyrrolidine catalyst is used, allowing for Michael adducts in nearly optically pure form (e.g., 96 to >99% e.e.). The Michael adducts can bear a single substituent or dual substituents adjacent to the carbonyl. The Michael adducts can be efficiently converted to cyclically constrained protected ?-amino acid residues, which are essential for systematic conformational studies of ?-peptide foldamers. New methods are also provided to prepare other ?-amino acids and peptides. These new building blocks can be used to prepare foldamers, such as ?/?-peptide foldamers, that adopt specific helical conformations in solution and in the solid state.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds and methods, for example, to carry out organocatalytic Michael additions of aldehydes to cyclically constrained nitroethylene compounds catalyzed by a proline derivative to provide cyclically constrained ?-substituted-?-nitro-aldehydes. The reaction can be rendered enantioselective when a chiral pyrrolidine catalyst is used, allowing for Michael adducts in nearly optically pure form (e.g., 96 to >99% e.e.). The Michael adducts can bear a single substituent or dual substituents adjacent to the carbonyl. The Michael adducts can be efficiently converted to cyclically constrained protected ?-amino acid residues, which are essential for systematic conformational studies of ?-peptide foldamers. New methods are also provided to prepare other ?-amino acids and peptides. These new building blocks can be used to prepare foldamers, such as ?/?-peptide foldamers, that adopt specific helical conformations in solution and in the solid state.

Abstract: A power converter includes a PCB and a semiconductor die coupled to the PCB. The semiconductor die includes first through fourth switching devices. The power converter further includes a first energy storage element electrically connected to the first and second switching devices and a second energy storage element electrically connected to the third and fourth switching devices. The first energy storage element is mounted over the first and second switching devices and the second energy storage element is mounted over the third and fourth switching devices.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds and methods, for example, to carry out organocatalytic Michael additions of aldehydes to cyclically constrained nitroethylene compounds catalyzed by a proline derivative to provide cyclically constrained ?-substituted-?-nitro-aldehydes. The reaction can be rendered enantioselective when a chiral pyrrolidine catalyst is used, allowing for Michael adducts in nearly optically pure form (e.g., 96 to >99% e.e.). The Michael adducts can bear a single substituent or dual substituents adjacent to the carbonyl. The Michael adducts can be efficiently converted to cyclically constrained protected ?-amino acid residues, which are essential for systematic conformational studies of ?-peptide foldamers. New methods are also provided to prepare other ?-amino acids and peptides. These new building blocks can be used to prepare foldamers, such as ?/?-peptide foldamers, that adopt specific helical conformations in solution and in the solid state.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds and methods, for example, to carry out organocatalytic Michael additions of aldehydes to cyclically constrained nitroethylene compounds catalyzed by a proline derivative to provide cyclically constrained ?-substituted-?-nitro-aldehydes. The reaction can be rendered enantioselective when a chiral pyrrolidine catalyst is used, allowing for Michael adducts in nearly optically pure form (e.g., 96 to >99% e.e.). The Michael adducts can bear a single substituent or dual substituents adjacent to the carbonyl. The Michael adducts can be efficiently converted to cyclically constrained protected ?-amino acid residues, which are essential for systematic conformational studies of ?-peptide foldamers. New methods are also provided to prepare other ?-amino acids and peptides. These new building blocks can be used to prepare foldamers, such as ?/?-peptide foldamers, that adopt specific helical conformations in solution and in the solid state.