Abstract: A system and method for the automatic placement of superconducting devices determines an arrangement of a series of Josephson junctions between a start point and an end point of an inductive wiring run on a superconducting circuit layout having a plurality of discrete Josephson junction placement sites by determining costs of placing each Josephson junction of the series of Josephson junctions at the plurality of discrete Josephson junction placement sites between the start point and the end point of the inductive wiring run based at least on a comparison of a target inductance value to inductances of wires connecting to the Josephson junction and selecting sites from the plurality of discrete Josephson junction placement sites to place each Josephson junction corresponding to the arrangement of the series of Josephson junctions with the least determined cost for the inductive wiring run.

Abstract: A system and method for the automatic placement of superconducting devices determines an arrangement of a series of Josephson junctions between a start point and an end point of an inductive wiring run on a superconducting circuit layout having a plurality of discrete Josephson junction placement sites by determining costs of placing each Josephson junction of the series of Josephson junctions at the plurality of discrete Josephson junction placement sites between the start point and the end point of the inductive wiring run based at least on a comparison of a target inductance value to inductances of wires connecting to the Josephson junction and selecting sites from the plurality of discrete Josephson junction placement sites to place each Josephson junction corresponding to the arrangement of the series of Josephson junctions with the least determined cost for the inductive wiring run.

Abstract: A system and method for the automatic placement of superconducting devices determines an arrangement of a series of Josephson junctions between a start point and an end point of an inductive wiring run on a superconducting circuit layout having a plurality of discrete Josephson junction placement sites by determining costs of placing each Josephson junction of the series of Josephson junctions at the plurality of discrete Josephson junction placement sites between the start point and the end point of the inductive wiring run based at least on a comparison of a target inductance value to inductances of wires connecting to the Josephson junction and selecting sites from the plurality of discrete Josephson junction placement sites to place each Josephson junction corresponding to the arrangement of the series of Josephson junctions with the least determined cost for the inductive wiring run.

Abstract: Implementations of the present disclosure relate to a method of operating a coker unit comprising the steps of: collecting a coker-furnace feed stream; introducing the coker-furnace feed-stream into a coker furnace for producing a coker-drum feed stream; and introducing a hydrogen-donor gas into either or both of the coker-furnace feed stream or the coker-drum feed stream.

Abstract: Implementations of the present disclosure relate to a method of operating a coker unit comprising the steps of: collecting a coker-furnace feed stream; introducing the coker-furnace feed-stream into a coker furnace for producing a coker-drum feed stream; and introducing a hydrogen-donor gas into either or both of the coker-furnace feed stream or the coker-drum feed stream.

Abstract: Implementations of the present disclosure relate to a method of operating a coker unit comprising the steps of: collecting a coker-furnace feed stream; introducing the coker-furnace feed-stream into a coker furnace for producing a coker-drum feed stream; and introducing a hydrogen-donor gas into either or both of the coker-furnace feed stream or the coker-drum feed stream.

Abstract: A process for operating a thermal or catalytic cracking unit is described. The process entails generating a product that includes cracked hydrocarbon vapor and solid coke-particles from a heavy hydrocarbon input. The product is communicated towards a fractionator and a quench liquid is introduced into the product for creating a two-phase flow of cracked hydrocarbon vapor and the quench liquid with solid coke-particles entrained in the quench liquid. The two-phase flow is introduced into the fractionator and the cracked hydrocarbon vapor are separated from the quench liquid and the solid coke-particles entrained therein by gravity separation. The two-phase flow can reduce or remove the requirement of a wash zone within the fractionator. A recirculation loop is included in a wash-zone circulation system. The recirculation loop bypasses one or more spray headers of the wash zone and returns to a first end of the wash-zone circulation system.

Abstract: Implementations of the present disclosure relate to a method of operating a coker unit comprising the steps of: collecting a coker-furnace feed stream; introducing the coker-furnace feed-stream into a coker furnace for producing a coker-drum feed stream; and introducing a hydrogen-donor gas into either or both of the coker-furnace feed stream or the coker-drum feed stream.

Abstract: A process for operating a thermal or catalytic cracking unit is described, The process entails generating a product that includes cracked hydrocarbon vapor and solid coke-particles from a heavy hydrocarbon input. The product is communicated towards a fractionator and a quench liquid is introduced into the product for creating a two-phase flow of cracked hydrocarbon vapor and the quench liquid with solid coke-particles entrained in the quench liquid. The two-phase flow is introduced into the fractionator and the cracked hydrocarbon vapor are separated from the quench liquid and the solid coke-particles entrained therein by gravity separation. The two-phase flow can reduce or remove the requirement of a wash zone within the fractionator. A recirculation loop is included in a wash-zone circulation system. The recirculation loop bypasses one or more spray headers of the wash zone and returns to a first end of the wash-zone circulation system.

Abstract: A device for protecting an ear of a subject from auricular haematoma, characterized in that the device comprises an inner member for inserting behind the ear and between the ear and skull of the subject, and a first outer member for placing over the ear of the subject, and for securing to the skull of the subject, the inner member being of a resilient shock absorbing material for acting as a shock absorber between the ear and skull and for cushioning the ear against the skull in the event of a blow, or other force, to the ear.