Abstract: A fastener system for composite structure providing electromagnetic energy protection has a shank with a threaded portion on a first end of the shank terminating in a lead-in portion. A head is present on a second end of the shank. The shank is adapted for intimate conductive contact with an inner surface of an interference fit hole.

Abstract: A fastener system for composite structure providing electromagnetic energy protection has a shank with a threaded portion on a first end of the shank terminating in a lead-in portion. A head is present on a second end of the shank. The shank is adapted for intimate conductive contact with an inner surface of an interference fit hole.

Abstract: Cobalt-phosphorous-boron coated objects and processes for production of the same. The coatings are wear resistant and may have several characteristics that render them suitable for applications in certain industries, such as the aerospace industry. The manufacturing process for the coated objects is free of hexavalent chromium fumes generation. The process of manufacture includes the steps of at least partially submerging a metal object as a cathodic element into a plating bath. The plating bath includes an aqueous solution of cobalt ions, chloride ions, phosphate ions, phosphite ions and boron-containing ions. The plating bath may have a pH in the range from about 1.0 to about 1.8. Current flows between an anode in the plating bath and the cathodic element in contact with an object to be coated for a time sufficient to deposit a cobalt-phosphorous-boron coating on the object. The current continues to flow until a coating of desired thickness is obtained.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for lighting protection. In one advantageous embodiment a method forms a lighting protection system on a composite surface of an aircraft. A dielectric coating is formed on the composite surface in which the dielectric coating covers a metal feature exposed on the composite surface. A metal adhesion promoter is applied in a pattern on the dielectric coating and over additional areas of the composite surface, including a grounding feature to form a metal adhesion promoter layer. A metal coating is formed on the metal adhesion promoter layer to create a path from an area including the metal feature to the grounding feature.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for lighting protection. In one advantageous embodiment a method forms a lighting protection system on a composite surface of an aircraft. A dielectric coating is formed on the composite surface in which the dielectric coating covers a metal feature exposed on the composite surface. A metal adhesion promoter is applied in a pattern on the dielectric coating and over additional areas of the composite surface, including a grounding feature to form a metal adhesion promoter layer. A metal coating is formed on the metal adhesion promoter layer to create a path from an area including the metal feature to the grounding feature.