Abstract: A system for determining a degree of contamination of production units of a production line for the printing, equipping and reflow soldering of printed circuit boards, and evaluation unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for carrying out reactions on preheated particles, comprising: (a) providing particles in a buffer container; (b) feeding the particles from the buffer container into a reactor via a feed line; (c) withdrawing the particles from the reactor, wherein the particles are heated in the feed line.

Abstract: An optical operating fluid detector for optical detection of operating fluid for a hand-guided garden, forestry and/or construction machining appliance includes a light source, an operating fluid line and a light receiver. The light source is designed for radiation of rays of light. The operating fluid line is designed for optical interaction of rays of light from the light source with operating fluid in line for the optical detection of operating fluid. The light receiver is designed for differing reception of rays of light from the line in dependence on the presence or the absence of operating fluid in the line. The operating fluid detector has an optical deflecting device. The deflecting device is designed for deflection of rays of light from the light source to the operating fluid line and/or for deflection of rays of light from the line to the light receiver.

Abstract: A powershift transmission has a split group with a plurality of powershift stages and an input shaft that can be rotatably driven by a drive shaft of a motorized drive. The input shaft transmits in a stepped-up manner to an output shaft of the split group a rotational movement corresponding to a selected powershiftable stage transmission. A synchromesh transmission group has at least four gear stages and can be rotatably driven by the output shaft of the split group via an intermediate group located therebetween, and via the output shaft of the synchromesh transmission group an axle transmission of the motor vehicle can be rotatably driven. The intermediate group has first and second switching elements each having an output shaft that can be coupled by means of a switchable clutch to an idler. First and second output gears are arranged on the output shaft of the synchromesh transmission group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing soft polyurethane foam obtained by reacting a composition containing a component A1 containing at least one filled polyol, a component A2 containing compounds reactive with isocyanates and having a hydroxyl value of ?20 to <100 mg KOH/g, the component A2 not containing any filled polyol, a component A3 containing water and/or at least one physical blowing agent, a component A4 containing auxiliary agents and additives, and a component B containing di- and/or polyisocyanates, characterized in that the reaction occurs in the presence of 0.5 to 3 parts by weight of an organic urea derivative as component C, which is obtained by reacting urea with a difunctional amine having a number-average molecular weight of 200 to 1000 g/mol. The invention also relates to a soft polyurethane foam obtainable by the method.

Abstract: A system includes an aftertreatment system and a controller coupled to the aftertreatment system. The controller is configured to generate a spatially resolved model of a catalyst of the aftertreatment system. The controller is further configured to adjust the spatially resolved model based on one or more sensed values from at least one sensor upstream of the one or more portions and at least one sensor downstream of the one or more portions.

Abstract: A method for operating an energy supply system having a stationary battery storage device includes operating the energy supply system and recording a chronological profile of an energy flow from the battery storage device and providing data points respectively indicative of a low-load duration and a timepoint within a period, wherein the low-load duration is indicative of a duration during which the amount of energy flow into or out of the battery storage device falls below a specified threshold. The method includes creating or further developing a data-based model based on the data points provided, wherein the data-based model is designed to determine at least one most likely timepoint within the period at which a balancing method can be performed without premature termination, and performing the balancing method at the at least one most likely timepoint.

Abstract: A system is configured to store a relationship data set of a plurality of diagnostic estimators and a plurality of failure modes, each failure mode represents a type of failure that can occur with a sensor or a vehicle component of a vehicle system, each diagnostic estimator is associated with a respective subset of the failure modes, each subset defines a control space within the vehicle system that contains at least one of (i) one or more sensors or (ii) one or more vehicle components. The system is configured to store a healthy diagnostic vector regarding nominal operational parameters of the vehicle system; acquire diagnostic information regarding current operational parameters of the vehicle system to generate an error diagnostic vector; apply the error diagnostic vector to the healthy diagnostic vector to generate a ratio diagnostic vector; and apply the ratio diagnostic vector to generate a value for each failure mode.

Abstract: A device and method for electrical testing of a component, the component including a contact point, wherein the device includes: an interface to provide the component; a robot manipulator having an effector configured to pick up, handle, and release the component; a receiving interface into which the component is insertable; a contacting device having a counter contact, the contacting device positioned in a first state so that the robot manipulator is able to insert/remove the component into/from the receiving interface, and positioned in a second state so that the counter contact is connected to the contact point of the component inserted into the receiving interface; an analysis unit connected to the counter contact and configured to perform electrical testing of the component using connection of the counter contact and the contact point in the second state; and a control unit to control the robot manipulator and the contacting device.

Abstract: A method is useful for preparing partially hydrogenated chlorosilanes by selective hydrogenation with a compound of the formula R2AlH, wherein R is a branched or cyclic hydrocarbon. Partially hydrogenated chlorosilanes can be prepared with said method, in particular partially hydrogenated chlorosilanes represented by the formula Cl3SiSi(SiH3)3, (Cl3Si)2Si(SiH3)2 or HSi(SiH3)2SiCl3.

Abstract: A system includes a controller configured to store a relationship matrix of a plurality of diagnostic estimators and a plurality of failure modes, each failure mode represents a type of failure that can occur with (i) a sensor or (ii) a vehicle component of a vehicle system, each diagnostic estimator is associated with a respective subset of the failure modes, each respective subset defines a control volume within the vehicle system that contains at least one of (i) one or more sensors or (ii) one or more vehicle components; store a healthy diagnostic vector regarding nominal operational parameters of the vehicle system; acquire diagnostic information regarding current operational parameters of the vehicle system to generate an error diagnostic vector; divide the error diagnostic vector by the healthy diagnostic vector to generate a ratio diagnostic vector; multiply the ratio diagnostic vector with the relationship matrix to generate a value for each failure mode.

Abstract: The present invention discloses photoinitiators according to the general formula R1R2R3—Ge—Ge—R4R5R6, wherein each R1 and R4 is an acyl group, and the use of such photoinitiators for radical polymerization.

Abstract: A method includes acquiring nitrogen oxide (NOx) data indicative of a first amount of NOx in an exhaust flow exiting an engine and a second amount of NOx in the exhaust flow exiting an exhaust aftertreatment system coupled to the engine where the exhaust aftertreatment system including a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system including a SCR catalyst; determining a NOx conversion efficiency fault is present within the exhaust aftertreatment system based on the first amount of NOx and the second amount of NOx; monitoring an actual amount of NOx in the exhaust flow downstream of the SCR catalyst; determining an expected amount of NOx downstream of the SCR catalyst; and determining the SCR catalyst is responsible for the NOx conversion efficiency fault in response to the actual amount of NOx differing from the expected amount of NOx by more than a threshold amount.

Abstract: A system includes a controller configured to perform an enable operation responsive to receiving information indicative of an enable parameter, the enable operation includes: determining a predicted downstream NOx value of an exhaust gas stream exiting a NOx storage catalyst; determining a downstream NOx value of the exhaust gas stream exiting the NOx storage catalyst; determining an error between the predicted downstream NOx value and the determined downstream NOx value; comparing the error to an error threshold; and determining that the NOx storage catalyst is in good health responsive to determining that the error does not exceed the error threshold. The controller is further configured to perform a disable operation responsive to receiving information indicative of a disable parameter, the disable operation causing a deactivation of at least a portion of the controller.

Abstract: Representative embodiments of the present technology include a bat having a barrel shell and a frame structure. The barrel shell may include a barrel region of the bat and part of a tapered region of the bat. The frame structure may include a first portion positioned outside the barrel shell and a second portion positioned inside the barrel shell. In some embodiments, a distal end of the frame structure is in the barrel region but is longitudinally spaced from a distal end of the barrel shell. In some embodiments, the distal end of the frame structure is longitudinally spaced from an end cap of the bat. The barrel shell may flex or pivot relative to the second portion of the frame structure. In some embodiments, the only connection between the frame structure and the barrel shell within the barrel shell may be within the tapered region.

Abstract: The invention relates to a conveyor belt for transporting food products having a packaging composed of a magnetizable material, in particular cans, along a transport direction, wherein the conveyor belt comprises a belt body and a transport belt that runs around the belt body in the operation of the conveyor belt and that has an upper run and a lower run. The belt body is provided with a magnet arrangement that generates a magnetic field that acts in the direction of the upper run of the transport belt and that has a higher value at the belt entry side than at the belt exit side.

Abstract: A soldering apparatus, in particular a reflow soldering apparatus, for continuous soldering of printed circuit boards along a transport direction, having a process channel including a preheating zone, a soldering zone and a cooling zone, having fan units for circulating process gas in the process channel, wherein the fan units each comprise an electric fan motor and a fan wheel, and having at least one apparatus element, wherein the soldering apparatus can be operated in an operating mode in which the fan motors are controlled in such a way that they are operated at a constant or largely constant rotational speed, as a result of which process gas is conducted through the at least one apparatus element and is then drawn in again by the respective fan units.

Abstract: A powershift transmission has a split group with a plurality of powershift stages and an input shaft that can be rotatably driven by a drive shaft of a motorized drive. The input shaft transmits in a stepped-up manner to an output shaft of the split group a rotational movement corresponding to a selected powershiftable stage transmission. A synchromesh transmission group has at least four gear stages and can be rotatably driven by the output shaft of the split group via an intermediate group located therebetween, and via the output shaft of the synchromesh transmission group an axle transmission of the motor vehicle can be rotatably driven. The intermediate group has first and second switching elements each having an output shaft that can be coupled by means of a switchable clutch to an idler. First and second output gears are arranged on the output shaft of the synchromesh transmission group.

Abstract: An agricultural machine transmission has a powershiftable main group arranged upstream or downstream of a powershiftable split group in the direction of force transfer. The split group has an input shaft, an output shaft, and powershift elements, which when selectively actuated permit configurations of at least six different forward gears and at least three different reverse gears between the input shaft and the output shaft of the split group. A driveshaft of the main group is connectable by a first powershift clutch to a first input shaft and is connectable by a second powershift clutch to a second input shaft of the main group. Spur gear stages of the main group can be integrated into the force transfer path by actuating an associated shift element, coupling an associated input shaft to the drive shaft of the main group by configuring a respective gear of the main group.

Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment system includes a cross-flow selective catalytic reduction catalyst. The cross-flow selective catalytic reduction catalyst includes a housing and a substrate assembly. The substrate assembly includes a plurality of first substrate layers defining a plurality of first flow channels and a plurality of second substrate layers defining a plurality of second flow channels. The exhaust aftertreatment system includes a passive NOx adsorber. The passive NOx adsorber includes a housing. The housing includes an inlet in exhaust gas receiving communication with the plurality of first flow channels of the cross-flow selective catalytic reduction catalyst. The housing includes an outlet in exhaust gas providing communication with the plurality of second flow channels of the cross-flow selective catalytic reduction catalyst. The passive NOx adsorber includes a substrate positioned in the housing. The substrate includes a passive NOx adsorber washcoat.