Abstract: A tablet of compacted particulate detergent composition comprises a detergent-active compound, a detergency builder, and optionally other detergent ingredients. The tablet, or a discrete region thereof, consists essentially of a matrix of particles substantially all of which have a particle size within a range having upper and lower limits each lying within the range of from 200 to 2000 .mu.m and differing from each other by not more than 700 .mu.m.

Abstract: A distinctive method and apparatus for depositing a pattern of material, such as hot-melt adhesive, onto a substrate comprises a supplying mechanism for forming a first and at least a second substantially continuous stream of the selected material, and a gas-directing mechanism for forming a plurality of gas streams. The gas streams have selected velocities and are arranged to entrain the material streams to impart a swirling motion to each of the material streams as it moves toward the substrate. A transport mechanism moves the substrate relative to the supply mechanism along a selected machine direction. A regulating mechanism controls the supplying mechanism and gas-directing mechanism to direct the material stream in a selected path toward the substrate and deposit the material in adjacent semi-cycloidal patterns on the substrate while closely controlling a selected cross-directional positioning of one or more of the deposited patterns.

Abstract: A distinctive method and apparatus for depositing a pattern of material, such as hot-melt adhesive, onto a substrate comprises a supplying mechanism for forming a first and at least a second substantially continuous stream of the selected material, and a gas-directing mechanism for forming a plurality of gas streams. The gas streams have selected velocities and are arranged to entrain the material streams to impart a swirling motion to each of the material streams as it moves toward the substrate. A transport mechanism moves the substrate relative to the supply mechanism along a selected machine direction. A regulating mechanism controls the supplying mechanism and gas-directing mechanism to direct the material stream in a selected path toward the substrate and deposit the material in adjacent semi-cycloidal patterns on the substrate while closely controlling a selected cross-directional positioning of one or more of the deposited patterns.

Abstract: A tablet of compacted detergent powder comprises an anionic detergent-active compound, a detergency builder, and optionally other detergent ingredients. The tablet is the compaction product of a particulate mixture of:(a) from 2 to 40 wt % of a first particulate component comprising from 20 to 100 wt % of anionic detergent-active compound,(b) from 60 to 98 wt % of other ingredients, comprising from 0 to 3 wt % of anionic detergent-active compound.

Abstract: A non-aqueous liquid cleaning composition comprises solid particles, such as builders, bleaches or abrasives, dispersed in a liquid phase, ideally an alkoxylated liquid surfactant, and, as a dispersion modifier, naphthalene sulphonic acid, a formaldehyde condensate thereof or ideally a mixture of the two.

Abstract: Porous spheroidal silica having a particle size in the range 1 to 400 microns, axial ratios of 1:1 to 1:12 has up to 50% by weight of the SiO.sub.2 of included material, such as for example perfumes, flavoring materials, pigments, germicides, bactericides, fungicides, bleaching agents, skin benefit agents, therapeutic agents, dispersed in the silica as particles or droplets in the size range 0.01 to 10 .mu.m. The spheroids can be made by mixing together an aqueous, stabilized silica sol containing dispersed therein up to 50% by weight of the silica of an included material and an aqueous solution of a non-adsorbing polymer to form a phase separated system comprising silica droplets containing included material in a polymer-rich continuous phase and condensing the silica sol to aggregate the droplets to form silica spheroids containing the dispersed included material. The included material can be released in use by e.g. wetting, attrition, dissolution, pH change, heating.

Abstract: Porous spheroidal silica having a particle size in the range 1 to 400 microns, axial ratios of 1:1 to 1:12 has up to 50% by weight of the SiO.sub.2 of included material, such as for example perfumes, flavoring materials, pigments, germicides, bactericides, fungicides, bleaching agents, skin benefit agents, therapeutic agents, dispersed in the silica as particles or droplets in the size range 0.01 to 10 .mu.m. The spheroids can be made by mixing together an aqueous, stabilized silica sol containing dispersed therein up to 50% by weight of the silica of an included material and an aqueous solution of a non-adsorbing polymer to form a phase separated system comprising silica droplets containing included material in a polymer-rich continuous phase and condensing the silica sol to aggregate the droplets to form silica spheroids containing the dispersed included material. The included material can be released in use by e.g. wetting, attrition, dissolution, pH change, heating.

Abstract: A lubricant comprising an oil-in-water emulsion and solid particles, in which the oil is a lubricating material and the oil droplets are stabilized by a surface coating of partially hydrophobic silica particles of a size less then 1 micrometer. This lubricant is to be used as a hydraulic fluid and as a metal-working or metal-rolling fluid.

Abstract: A distinctive method and apparatus for depositing a pattern of material, such as hot-melt adhesive, onto a substrate comprises a supplying mechanism for forming a first and at least a second substantially continuous stream of the selected material, and a gas-directing mechanism for forming a plurality of gas streams. The gas streams have selected velocities and are arranged to entrain the material streams to impart a swirling motion to each of the material streams as it moves toward the substrate. A transport mechanism moves the substrate relative to the supply mechanism along a selected machine direction. A regulating mechanism controls the supplying mechanism and gas-directing mechanism to direct the material stream in a selected path toward the substrate and deposit the material in adjacent semi-cycloidal patterns on the substrate while closely controlling a selected cross-directional positioning of one or more of the deposited patterns.

Abstract: This invention discloses novel, porous silica structures prepared from silica platelets. The structures are preferably prepared by spray-drying.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the separation of a polysaccharide from an aqueous system using a water-soluble fatty acid salt and optionally a precipitated liquid to separate out the polysaccharide.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel silica spheroids and to their production by a phase separation technique in which an aqueous alkaline stabilized silica sol and an aqueous solution of a non-adsorbing polymer are mixed and acidified to produce the new silica spheroids.

Abstract: This invention discloses the preparation of coatings on substrates. The coating is derived from a film formed at a sol air interface and the film is bonded to the substrate by direct contact. The coating preferably contains silica.

Abstract: Suspensions of sodium aluminosilicate are stabilized by using 0.5-10% of a nonionic detergent active compound and 0.2-15% of a compatible water soluble salt. The stabilized suspensions can be used in the preparation of particulate detergent compositions by adding one or more other detergent ingredients and then drying the mixture.