Abstract: A cross-linked water-insoluble ion exchange resin comprised of polymerized monomers having a phenyl ring is disclosed. A contemplated resin contains (i) polymerized phenyl ring-containing monomers having a phosphonic acid ligand linked to the phenyl ring, (ii) about 2 to about 5 millimoles per gram (mmol/g) of phosphorus as phosphonic acid ligands, and (iii) a sufficient amount of a sulfonic acid ligand such that the ratio of mmol/g of phosphonic acid to mmol/g sulfonic acid is up to 3:1. A process for removing polyvalent metal cations from aqueous solution, and a process for removing iron(III) cations from acidic copper(II) cation-containing solutions that utilize the contemplated resin or other resins are disclosed.

Abstract: A cross-linked water-insoluble ion exchange resin comprised of polymerized monomers having a phenyl ring is disclosed. A contemplated resin contains (i) polymerized phenyl ring-containing monomers having a phosphonic acid ligand linked to the phenyl ring, (ii) about 2 to about 5 millimoles per gram (mmol/g) of phosphorus as phosphonic acid ligands, and (iii) a sufficient amount of a sulfonic acid ligand such that the ratio of mmol/g of phosphonic acid to mmol/g sulfonic acid is up to 3:1. A process for removing polyvalent metal cations from aqueous solution, and a process for removing iron(III) cations from acidic copper(II) cation-containing solutions that utilize the contemplated resin or other resins are disclosed.

Abstract: An ion exchange separation, recovery and regeneration process for the control of iron has been developed to replace the conventional bleed stream process used in copper electrowinning. The process minimizes the loss of cobalt from the electrowinning circuit and strips the iron into a sulfate-based solution suitable for leach solution makeup. In addition, this process can effect a lowering of the total iron concentration in the electrolyte circuit with an associated increase in current efficiency.

Abstract: A process for preparing 4,4'(5')-[di-t-butyldicyclohexano]-18-crown-6 containing an enhanced amount of an isomer that extracts strontium ions from aqueous solution is disclosed. According to the process, an anhydrous reaction mixture is prepared containing 4,4'(5')-[di-t-butyldibenzo]-18-crown-6 as substrate dissolved in a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alcohol-containing solvent that can also contain benzene, toluene or xylene, a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 carboxylic acid or anhydride and a 5 percent of rhodium on alumina particle catalyst. The resulting reaction medium is hydrogenated at about 200-1000 psi, at a temperature of about 35.degree.-120.degree. C. for a time period sufficient to reduce at least 90 percent of the substrate.