Abstract: Disclosed are methods and devices for regulating fluid flow to and from a region of a patient's lung, such as to achieve a desired fluid flow dynamic to a lung region during respiration and/or to induce collapse in one or more lung regions. An identified region of the lung is targeted for treatment, such as to modify the flow to the targeted lung region or to achieve volume reduction or collapse of the targeted lung region. The targeted lung region is then bronchially isolated to regulate airflow into and/or out of the targeted lung region through one or more bronchial passageways that feed air to the targeted lung region. The bronchial isolation of the targeted lung region is accomplished by implanting a flow control device into a bronchial passageway that feeds air to a targeted lung region.

Abstract: A steel railway wheel with reduced axial flange deflection and reduced, thermally-induced, residual-tensile stress in the wheel rim, has a clearly defined relationship among the plate angle, the maximum depth of curvature of the wheel plate segment, the location of the maximum depth of curvature, the wheel hub and the rim, which relationship is provided for plate segments both concave and convex with respect to the wheel outboard surface.