Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for poling piezoelectric materials, e.g., collagen, which are carried out in the absence of liquid media and at a relatively low temperature. The present invention also provides electroactive scaffolds comprising poled collagen for promoting cell growth and differentiation.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for poling piezoelectric materials, e.g., collagen, which are carried out in the absence of liquid media and at a relatively low temperature. The present invention also provides electroactive scaffolds comprising poled collagen for promoting cell growth and differentiation.

Abstract: An AB monomer, useful for the production of condensation polymers, wherein the AB monomer has the structure: A-X-C-Y-B; wherein A is reactive carbonyl derivative of carboxylic acids; Y is a bisanhydrohexitol unit derived from the group consisting of isosorbide, isoidide and isomannide; X is selected from the group consisting of: aromatic rings, including 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, 2,6-naphthalene 2,7-naphthalene, and substituted derivatives thereof; heterocycles including, 2,5-furan, 2,5-thiophene, substituted 2,5-furan and substituted 2,5-thiophene; and saturated or unsaturated aliphatic chains; B is OH; and C is selected from the group consisting of ether oxygen, a sulfide, and an amine, wherein the amine is NH or NR wherein R is C1 to C6, attaching X to Y.

Abstract: An AB monomer, useful for the production of condensation polymers, wherein the AB monomer has the structure: A—X—C—Y—B; wherein A is a carboxylic acid or ester or reactive carbonyl derivative, Y is a bisanhydrohexitol unit derived from isosorbide, isoidide or isomannide; X is selected from the group consisting of aromatic rings, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycles, and saturated or unsaturated aliphatic chains; and B is OH and C is an ester carbonyl link with the carbon attached to X and the oxygen attached to Y, and wherein the AB monomer is at least about 98% pure endo-substituted bisanhydrohexitol derivative or an at least about 98% pure exo-substituted bisanhydrohexitol derivative.

Abstract: Due to the size and complexity of tissues such as the spinal cord and articular cartilage, specialized constructs incorporating cells as well as smart materials may be a promising strategy for achieving functional recovery. Aspects of the present invention describe the use of an electroactive, or piezoelectric, material that will act as a scaffold for stem cell induced tissue repair. Embodiments of the inventive material can also act alone as an electroactive scaffold for repairing tissues. The piezoelectric material of the present invention acts as a highly sensitive mechanoelectrical transducer that will generate charges in response to minute vibrational forces.

Abstract: Asymmetrically substituted compounds of bisanhydrohexitols are described, including the bisanhydrohexitol isosorbide. The compounds are useful as AB monomers. The synthesis of polymers from the monomers is also described.

Abstract: Due to the size and complexity of tissues such as the spinal cord and articular cartilage, specialized constructs incorporating cells as well as smart materials may be a promising strategy for achieving functional recovery. Aspects of the present invention describe the use of an electroactive, or piezoelectric, material that will act as a scaffold for stem cell induced tissue repair. Embodiments of the inventive material can also act alone as an electroactive scaffold for repairing tissues. The piezoelectric material of the present invention acts as a highly sensitive mechanoelectrical transducer that will generate charges in response to minute vibrational forces.

Abstract: Isosorbide-derived epoxies and methods of making same are disclosed. Isosorbide and its isomers are attached to glycidyl ether to make crosslinkable epoxy resin monomers. Adding the hydrophobic functional group into the backbone of isosorbide epoxy or adjusting the amount and type of crosslinker is operable to modify the mechanical properties and water uptake ratio (from <1 wt % to >50 wt %) of the isosorbide-derived epoxies for different uses. High water uptake epoxies with controllable biodegradation rate are suitable for drug delivery systems or extracellular matrices for biomedical applications, while low water uptake epoxies with strong mechanical properties may be used for can coatings, bone cements and other industrial additives and adhesives.

Abstract: A process for producing copolymers of a polymer and asymmetrically substituted compounds of bisanhydrohexitols, including the bisanhydrohexitol isosorbide. In a specific example, the AB monomer isosorbide 2-(4-carbomethoxybenzoate) is synthesized and copolymerized with polyester to form a copolyester. The asymmetrically substituted compounds provide a way of incorporating bisanydrohexitols that may be derived from natural sources into polymers.

Abstract: Asymmetrically substituted compounds of bisanhydrohexitols are described, including the bisanhydrohexitol isosorbide. The compounds are useful as monomers. The synthesis of polymers from the monomers is also described.

Abstract: A process for producing a copolyester through the production of an AB monomer of isoidide - Isodide 2-(4-carbomethoxyphenyl) ether. In certain aspects, the AB monomer is produced by performing the steps of: protecting the 2-position of isosorbide with a protecting group; functionalizing the 5-position of isosorbide with a suitable leaving group to form a reactive ester; nucleophilicly displacing the leaving group in a reaction with an alkali metal alkoxide or phenoxide to give an isoidide ether through a stereochemical inversion of the 5-position; and removing the protective moiety to create the AB monomer. In certain embodiments, the copolyester is produced by melting the AB monomer and a polyester, optionally with a catalyst.

Abstract: Isosorbide-derived epoxies and methods of making same are disclosed. Isosorbide and its isomers are attached to glycidyl ether to make crosslinkable epoxy resin monomers. Adding the hydrophobic functional group into the backbone of isosorbide epoxy or adjusting the amount and type of crosslinker is operable to modify the mechanical properties and water uptake ratio (from <1 wt % to >50 wt %) of the isosorbide-derived epoxies for different uses. High water uptake epoxies with controllable biodegradation rate are suitable for drug delivery systems or extracellular matrices for biomedical applications, while low water uptake epoxies with strong mechanical properties may be used for can coatings, bone cements and other industrial additives and adhesives.

Abstract: A composition includes bone and collagen, wherein the collagen has been acid treated, and cross-linked via dehydrothermal treatment or by a cross-linking agent (e.g., a citric acid derivative) under a compressive force of at least approximately 40 MPa.

Abstract: Technologies are disclosed to transfer responsibility and control over security from player makers to content authors by enabling integration of security logic and content. An exemplary optical disc carries an encrypted digital video title combined with data processing operations that implement the title's security policies and decryption processes. Player devices include a processing environment (e.g., a real-time virtual machine), which plays content by interpreting its processing operations. Players also provide procedure calls to enable content code to load data from media, perform network communications, determine playback environment configurations, access secure nonvolatile storage, submit data to CODECs for output, and/or perform cryptographic operations. Content can insert forensic watermarks in decoded output for tracing pirate copies.

Abstract: Asymmetrically substituted compounds of bisanhydrohexitols are described, including the bisanhydrohexitol isosorbide. The compounds are useful as monomers. The synthesis of polymers from the monomers is also described.

Abstract: Asymmetrically substituted compounds of bisanhydrohexitols are described, including the bisanhydrohexitol isosorbide. The compounds are useful as AB monomers. The synthesis of polymers from the monomers is also described.

Abstract: Technologies are disclosed to transfer responsibility and control over security from player makers to content authors by enabling integration of security logic and content. An exemplary optical disc carries an encrypted digital video title combined with data processing operations that implement the title's security policies and decryption processes. Player devices include a processing environment (e.g., a real-time virtual machine), which plays content by interpreting its processing operations. Players also provide procedure calls to enable content code to load data from media, perform network communications, determine playback environment configurations, access secure nonvolatile storage, submit data to CODECs for output, and/or perform cryptographic operations. Content can insert forensic watermarks in decoded output for tracing pirate copies.

Abstract: Technologies are disclosed to transfer responsibility and control over security from player makers to content authors by enabling integration of security logic and content. An exemplary optical disc carries an encrypted digital video title combined with data processing operations that implement the title's security policies and decryption processes. Player devices include a processing environment (e.g., a real-time virtual machine), which plays content by interpreting its processing operations. Players also provide procedure calls to enable content code to load data from media, perform network communications, determine playback environment configurations, access secure nonvolatile storage, submit data to CODECs for output, and/or perform cryptographic operations. Content can insert forensic watermarks in decoded output for tracing pirate copies.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing polyoxazolidones wherein an ether of a bisanhydrohexitol is reacted with a diisocyanate under conditions which form polyoxazolidones. Preferred bisanhydrohexitols include isoidide, isomannide and isosorbide. The polyoxazolidones are highly crosslinked, rigid, and have high solvent resistance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for preparing polyoxazolidones wherein an ether of a bisanhydrohexitol is reacted with a diisocyanate under conditions which form polyoxazolidones. Preferred bisanhydrohexitols include isoidide, isomannide and isosorbide. The polyoxazolidones are highly crosslinked, rigid, and have high solvent resistance.