Abstract: An extended diol composition is disclosed, which includes a first component that includes ?-? hydroxyl terminated diol oligomer having a number average molecular weight Mn of from about 500 Da to about 100,000 Da, a multifunctional isocyanate species, and a multifunctional alcohol or amine species. Another extended diol composition is disclosed, which includes a first component that includes an ?-? hydroxyl terminated diol oligomer having a number average molecular weight Mn of from about 500 Da to about 100,000 Da, a multifunctional isocyanate species, and a multifunctional species including an alcohol-functional group and an epoxy-functional group.

Abstract: An extended diol composition is disclosed, including a first component including a diol oligomer and a second component including a bisdimethylamino silane species, where the first component is in molar excess to the second component, and where the diol oligomer has a number average molecular weight Mn of from about 500 g/mol to about 5,000 g/mol. The diol oligomer can be ?,? hydroxyl terminated, or further include an R group that is a polyether, such as a perfluoropolyether, polyoxymethylene, polyethylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, or poly(propane diol), or a polyester, such as poly(caprolactone), poly(lactic acid), or poly(glycolic acid). The bisdimethylamino silane species may include an R1 and R2 that can include CH3, vinyl, and phenyl. A method for making an extended diol composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: An adhesive formulation includes an epoxy-functional monomer or epoxy-functional polymer and an amino-phthalonitrile monomer or amino-phthalonitrile polymer. The adhesive formulation can include 4,4?-methylenebis(n,n-diglycidylaniline), bisphenol a diglycidyl ether, bisphenol f diglycidyl ether, n,n-diglycidyl-4-glycidyloxyaniline, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether, poly[(phenyl glycidyl ether)-co-dicyclo-pentadiene], or a combination thereof. The adhesive formulation may include a difunctional amine monomer, solvents, and one or more additives. A method of making an epoxy-phthalonitrile copolymer and a sandwich panel composition is disclosed. The sandwich panel can be a component of an aerospace structural application, such as a nacelle.

Abstract: A method for bonding an icephobic coating layer to an exterior surface of a substrate, the method including roughening the exterior surface of the substrate to provide a roughened substrate surface; roughening a backside surface of the icephobic coating layer to provide a roughened icephobic coating surface; placing an epoxy film adhesive layer on the roughened substrate surface to cover at least part of the exterior surface of the substrate; placing the roughened icephobic coating layer on the epoxy film adhesive layer such that the roughened icephobic coating surface is in contact with the epoxy film adhesive layer, thereby providing a layered stack; enclosing the layered stack in a vacuum bag; applying a vacuum to the vacuum bag, and heating the layered stack enclosed in the vacuum bag; cooling the layered stack; releasing the vacuum; and removing the layered stack from the vacuum bag to provide an icephobic-coated substrate.

Abstract: A method of preparing a processable polyimide-phthalonitrile composition is disclosed, including providing a polyimide-phthalonitrile resin; combining the polyimide-phthalonitrile resin with a first solvent to form a solution, combining the solution with a second solvent, mixing the polyimide-phthalonitrile solution to form a homogeneous mixture, and applying the homogeneous mixture to a substrate. The first solvent has a boiling point greater than 150° C. The second solvent has a boiling point less than 150° C. The method of preparing a polyimide-phthalonitrile composite can include impregnating an additive with a homogeneous resin solution to create one or more pre-impregnated layers, and curing the one or more pre-impregnated layers into a composite material. The composite structure can include a substrate, a polyimide-phthalonitrile resin, and a composite material layer adhered to at least a portion of the substrate.

Abstract: An airfoil is provided that includes an exterior substrate surface, and a coating layer adjacent to the exterior substrate surface. The coating layer has an icephobic coating composition that includes a first polymer, a second polymer that is a fluoropolymer, an isocyanate, and a curative. The coating layer is bonded to the airfoil via an intermediate adhesive layer. The coating layer has a bottom surface, and at least one of the exterior substrate surface and the bottom surface has an RMS surface roughness of at least about 1 micron or greater before the coating layer is bonded to the exterior substrate surface.

Abstract: An anti-icing coating having a continuous phase and a discrete phase. The continuous phase includes a fluorine-containing polymer formed from a fluorine-containing precursor having a functionality of greater than 2. The discrete phase includes a plurality of domains having a fluorine-free hygroscopic and/or hydrophilic material. The plurality of domains are dispersed within the continuous phase and are immersible with the continuous phase. At least a portion of the fluorine-free material is bonded to the fluorine-containing polymer with an isocyanate-containing moiety. The fluorine-containing polymer is crosslinked with a crosslinking molecule having at least 4 functional groups. The fluorine-free material is a poly(ethylene glycol).

Abstract: Phthalonitrile adhesive formulations are provided. Such an adhesive formulation may comprise an etherimide-phthalonitrile oligomer having formula wherein R1 is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group or an unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl group; R2 is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group and n has a value of from 1 to 30. Also provided are methods of making and using the adhesive formulations.

Abstract: Phthalonitrile adhesive formulations are provided. Such an adhesive formulation may comprise an etherimide-phthalonitrile oligomer having formula wherein R1 is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group or an unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl group; R2 is an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group and n has a value of from 1 to 30. Also provided are methods of making and using the adhesive formulations.

Abstract: An airfoil is provided that includes an exterior substrate surface, and a coating layer adjacent to the exterior substrate surface. The coating layer has an icephobic coating composition that includes a first polymer, a second polymer that is a fluoropolymer, an isocyanate, and a curative. The coating layer is bonded to the airfoil via an intermediate adhesive layer. The coating layer has a bottom surface, and at least one of the exterior substrate surface and the bottom surface has an RMS surface roughness of at least about 1 micron or greater before the coating layer is bonded to the exterior substrate surface.