Abstract: A cover for a laparoscope having a substantially gas-impermeable, flexible membrane defining an interior space adapted to receive at least a distal-most portion of the laparoscope; and at least one valve for allowing gas to flow into and/or out of the interior space. By providing a substantially gas-impermeable, flexible membrane, the membrane can conform to the camera in use, ensuring that the cover can be used with both rigid and flexible laparoscopes and in particular those with cameras at their distal end. The valve allows gas to flow into or out of the interior space. This may be used to remove gas from the interior space so that the cover conforms more closely to the profile of the endoscopic camera. It may also be used to check that there has been no damage to the cover during the operation, and thus no breach of the sterile barrier.

Abstract: The training apparatus comprises a housing providing a simulation of at least part of a body and a plurality of simulations of internal body structures for reception in the housing, these simulations being a set of simulations of a particular part of the anatomy and being of increasing anatomical complexity and/or presenting increasing clinical or surgical difficulty.

Abstract: A modular conduit system comprises elongate conduit elements (50, 51) and conduit fitting elements (30, 37) longitudinally divided and provided with tongue and groove joints configured such that identical conduit halves or identical conduit fitting halves can be snap fitted together and released interengaged by radially directed resilient restoration forces in the fitting elements. The interengageable tongue (1a) formation and corresponding groove formation (2b) each have at least one radial curvature with the same radial origin when opposing elements are interengaged.

Abstract: A conduit positioning or locating device adapted to be secured to formwork defining one side of a slab of concrete or other settable material for positioning a conduit for passage through the slab. The device includes a body, having at least one opening on its top side for receipt of a conduit. The body has means, such as a spigot and socket, on at least one side adapted for cooperative engagement with a further device whereby to enable a plurality of the devices to be located in a complementary mating configuration.