Abstract: A method and apparatus for applying a gain characteristic to an audio signal are provided. Data storing a plurality of gain characteristics at a plurality of different levels is stored in a storage means. The amplitude of an input signal is repeatedly assessed and from this a gain characteristic to be applied to the input is determined.

Abstract: An audio-visual reproduction system includes an audio signal source, a video signal source and a plurality of audio-visual reproduction devices connected to the audio source and the video source via respective audio and video channels, each such device thereby reproducing combined audio-visual material. Each device includes an automatic audio volume control circuit, and, positioned near the device, an audio transducer generates an output signal in dependence upon ambient noise in the vicinity of the device. The volume control circuit is arranged to apply a level of gain or attenuation in reproducing the audio signal from the audio source responsively to the audio signal level, so as to reduce the effect of the audio signal component within the ambient noise upon the level of gain or attenuation.