Abstract: The invention relates to switch based aggregation system, method and computer program product for providing Quality of Service (QoS) to a layer 2 configured network comprising a connection oriented switching means connected to a Wide Area Network (WAN). The system comprises an Adaptive Quality of Service (AQS) means connected to said switching means. The Adaptive Quality of Service (AQS) means comprises monitoring means for monitoring the total IP data throughput stream and the RTCP reports in the system, filtering means being capable of filtering the total IP data throughput stream and controlling means for controlling said filtering means depending on the monitoring of the total IP data throughput stream and adaptable filter criteria.

Abstract: The invention relates to TN and STN liquid-crystal displays and to the nematic liquid-crystal mixtures used therein, characterised in that they comprise one or more compounds of the formula I and one or more compounds of the formula II in which ring A, R1, R2 and Y are as defined in Claim 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to energy-saving liquid-crystalline media, in particular in twisted nematic (TN) and supertwisted nematic (STN) liquid-crystal displays, having very short response times and good steepnesses and angle dependences, and to electro-optical display devices containing these media and to the use of these media in electro-optical display devices, where the media comprise: a component (?) which comprises at least one compound of the formula I and a component (?) which comprises at least one compound of the formula II where the following applies for the dielectric anisotropy ??corr of the liquid-crystalline medium: ? ? ? ? ? corr ? 5 · V 10 + 32 V 10 2 .

Abstract: The invention relates to TN and STN liquid-crystal displays and to the nematic liquid-crystal mixtures used therein, characterised in that they comprise one or more compounds of the formula I 1

Abstract: The invention relates to energy-saving liquid-crystalline media, in particular in twisted nematic (TN) and supertwisted nematic (STN) liquid-crystal displays, having very short response times and good steepnesses and angle dependences, and to electro-optical display devices containing these media and to the use of these media in electro-optical display devices, where the media comprise:

Abstract: Supertwist liquid crystal displays with outstanding properties are obtained when the nematic liquid crystal mixture contains at least one compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## where the variables are as defined in the disclosure.

Abstract: The invention relates to improved STN displays of which the nematic liquid crystalline medium comprises compounds of formulae I1, I2, II1 and/or III1 ##STR1## wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently alkyl with 1 to 8 C atoms, ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl or alkoxy with 1 to 8 C atoms, ##STR3## wherein R2 is oxaalkyl, alkenyl with up to 8 C atoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to improved high-multiplexed supertwist liquid crystal displays in which each pixel is addressed by orthogonal row waver forms, the improvement wherein the nematic liquid crystal mixture consists essentially of 40-80% by weight of at least three compounds having a tolan-4,4'-diyl structure element.

Abstract: Cyanopyrimidine derivatives of formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is an unsubstituted or at least mono-halogen-substituted alkyl or alkoxy radical having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, where one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals may also, in each case independently of one another, be replaced by --CH.dbd.CH--, --O--, --S--, ##STR2## --CO--, --CO--O--, --O--CO-- or --O--CO--O-- in such a way that oxygen atoms are not linked directly to one another,X.sup.1, Y.sup.1 and Z.sup.1 are each, independently of one another, N or CF,X.sup.2, Y.sup.2 and Z.sup.2 are each, independently of one another, N, CF or CH, andn is 0, 1 or 2,with the proviso that at least one of the groups X.sup.1, Y.sup.1 and Z.sup.1 is N,can be used as components of liquid-crystalline media for electro-optical displays.

Abstract: Vinyl compounds of the formula I ##STR1## in which the variables are as described in the claims. The compounds are useful as components in liquid-crystalline media.

Abstract: A liquid-crystalline mixture comprising two or more compounds of the general formula I, ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is straight-chain alkyl having 3, 5 or 7 carbon atoms, three or more compounds of the general formula II, ##STR2## in which R.sup.2 is straight-chain alkyl having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, three or more compounds of the general formula III, ##STR3## in which R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each independently alkyl or alkoxy with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and two or more compounds of the general formula IV, ##STR4## in which R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are each independently have one of the meanings indicated for R.sup.3 and m is 0 or 1. A "multibottle-system" comprising said mixture and an electrooptical display device based on the principle of the twisted nematic cell.