Patents by Inventor Michael Karl Crawford
Michael Karl Crawford has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
-
Patent number: 8506844Abstract: The present invention is directed to rare-earth doped solid state solutions of alkaline earth fluorides having novel luminescence properties, and to a process for preparing them. The invention is useful as identifying markers on articles. Other uses include phosphors for plasma displays, optical frequency multipliers, optical amplifiers and the like.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 2011Date of Patent: August 13, 2013Assignee: E I du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Michael Karl Crawford, Kurt Richard Mikeska
-
Publication number: 20110210291Abstract: The present invention is directed to rare-earth doped solid state solutions of alkaline earth fluorides having novel luminescence properties, and to a process for preparing them. The invention is useful as identifying markers on articles. Other uses include phosphors for plasma displays, optical frequency multipliers, optical amplifiers and the like.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 4, 2011Publication date: September 1, 2011Applicant: E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANYInventors: MICHAEL KARL CRAWFORD, Kurt Richard Mikeska
-
Patent number: 7938984Abstract: The invention is directed to a composition having a carrier matrix, and a particulate luminescent composition dispersed therein, the particulate luminescent composition comprising a rare-earth-doped solid-state solution of alkaline earth fluorides represented by the chemical formula REx(CaaSrbBac)1?xF2+x?2yOy wherein RE represents a three-valent rare-earth element, 0.005?x?0.20, and 0?y?0.2, a+b+c=1, with the proviso at least two of a, b, and c are not equal to zero; the particulate luminescent composition exhibiting a luminescence spectrum having a plurality of intensity peaks at characteristic wavelengths. It is further directed to a process by contacting a surface with the composition and articles made therefrom.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 2007Date of Patent: May 10, 2011Assignee: E.I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Michael Karl Crawford, Kurt Richard Mikeska
-
Patent number: 7901593Abstract: The present invention is directed to rare-earth doped solid state solutions of alkaline earth fluorides having novel luminescence properties, and to a process for preparing them. The invention is useful as identifying markers on articles. Other uses include phosphors for plasma displays, optical frequency multipliers, optical amplifiers and the like.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 2007Date of Patent: March 8, 2011Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Michael Karl Crawford, Kurt Richard Mikeska
-
Patent number: 7704599Abstract: The invention is directed to a composition having a carrier matrix, and a particulate luminescent composition dispersed therein, the particulate luminescent composition comprising a rare-earth-doped alkaline earth fluoride represented by the formula RExA1?xF2+x?2yOy wherein RE represents a three-valent rare-earth element, A is alkaline earth, 0.002?x?0.20, and 0?y?x; the particulate luminescent composition exhibiting a luminescence spectrum having a plurality of intensity peaks at characteristic wavelengths. It is further directed to a process by contacting a surface with the composition and articles made therefrom.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 2007Date of Patent: April 27, 2010Assignee: E.I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Michael Karl Crawford, Kurt Richard Mikeska
-
Patent number: 7625503Abstract: The invention is directed a composition represented by the chemical formula EuxA1?xF2+x?2yOy wherein A is alkaline earth, 0.002?x?0.20, and 0?y?x; the composition exhibiting a luminescence spectrum characterized by peaks at 592±2 nm and 627±2 nm, wherein the ratio of the peak intensity at 592±2 nm to that at 627±2 nm is at least 5% larger than the corresponding peak intensity ratio at the same wavelengths of a first corresponding reference composition with the same value of x that has not been exposed to a temperature above 100° C., and wherein said ratio of the peak intensity at 592±2 nm to that at 627±2 nm is at least 5% smaller than the corresponding peak intensity ratio at the same wavelengths of a second corresponding reference composition with the same value of x that has been subject to heating to 900° C. for 6 hours.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 2007Date of Patent: December 1, 2009Assignee: E.I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Changzai Chi, Michael Karl Crawford, Kurt Richard Mikeska
-
Patent number: 7622163Abstract: The invention is directed to a method by exposing at least a portion of a luminescent coating disposed on a surface of an article to ultraviolet light at one or more preselected wavelengths causing said luminescent coating to exhibit a luminescence spectrum, the luminescence spectrum exhibiting a plurality of intensity peaks that have been priorly determined to create a standard; determining the intensity of at least two peaks in the luminescence spectrum of the coating; determining a peak intensity ratio of the at least two peaks; comparing the peak intensity ratio determined with the standard; and, classifying the article according to whether or not the peak intensity ratio does or does not match the standard; wherein the luminescent coating comprises a particulate luminescent composition comprising a rare earth doped fluoride represented by the formula RExA1?xF2+x?2yOy wherein RE represents a three-valent rare-earth element, A is alkaline earth, 0.002?x?0.20, and 0?y?x.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 2007Date of Patent: November 24, 2009Assignee: E.I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Michael Karl Crawford, Kurt Richard Mikeska
-
Patent number: 7517564Abstract: The invention is directed to a method by exposing at least a portion of a luminescent coating disposed on a surface of an article to ultraviolet light at one or more preselected wavelengths causing said luminescent coating to exhibit a luminescence spectrum, the luminescence spectrum exhibiting a plurality of intensity peaks that have been predetermined to create a standard; determining the intensity of at least two peaks in the luminescence spectrum of the coating; determining a peak intensity ratio of the at least two peaks; comparing the peak intensity ratio determined with the standard; and, classifying the article according to whether or not the peak intensity ratio does or does not match the standard; wherein the luminescent coating is a particulate luminescent composition comprising a rare earth doped fluoride represented by the chemical formula REx(CaaSrbBac)1?xF2+x?2yOy wherein RE represents a three-valent rare-earth element, 0.005?x?0.20, and 0?y?0.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 2007Date of Patent: April 14, 2009Assignee: E.I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Michael Karl Crawford, Kurt Richard Mikeska
-
Patent number: 7507522Abstract: The present invention relates to novel unsaturated polycyclic compounds containing two fluoroalcohol substitutents. This invention also relates to homopolymers and copolymers derived from such unsaturated polycyclic compounds. The copolymers are useful for photoimaging compositions and, in particular, photoresist compositions (positive-working and/or negative-working) for imaging in the production of semiconductor devices. The polymers are especially useful in photoresist compositions having high UV transparency (particularly at short wavelengths, e.g., 157 nm) which are useful as base resins in resists and potentially in many other applications.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 2005Date of Patent: March 24, 2009Assignee: E. I. DuPont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Michael Karl Crawford, Hoang Vi Tran, Frank Leonard Schadt, III, Fredrick Claus Zumsteg, Jr., Andrew Edward Feiring, Michael Fryd
-
Publication number: 20080217578Abstract: The present invention is directed to rare-earth doped solid state solutions of alkaline earth fluorides having novel luminescence properties, and to a process for preparing them. The invention is useful as identifying markers on articles. Other uses include phosphors for plasma displays, optical frequency multipliers, optical amplifiers and the like.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 12, 2007Publication date: September 11, 2008Inventors: Michael Karl CRAWFORD, Kurt Richard MIKESKA
-
Publication number: 20080206486Abstract: The invention is directed to a method by exposing at least a portion of a luminescent coating disposed on a surface of an article to ultraviolet light at one or more preselected wavelengths causing said luminescent coating to exhibit a luminescence spectrum, the luminescence spectrum exhibiting a plurality of intensity peaks that have been predetermined to create a standard; determining the intensity of at least two peaks in the luminescence spectrum of the coating; determining a peak intensity ratio of the at least two peaks; comparing the peak intensity ratio determined with the standard; and, classifying the article according to whether or not the peak intensity ratio does or does not match the standard; wherein the luminescent coating is a particulate luminescent composition comprising a rare earth doped fluoride represented by the chemical formula REx(CaaSrbBac)1?xF2+x?2yOy wherein RE represents a three-valent rare-earth element, 0.005?x?0.20, and 0?y?0.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 12, 2007Publication date: August 28, 2008Inventors: Michael Karl Crawford, Kurt Richard Mikeska
-
Publication number: 20080152826Abstract: The invention is directed to a composition having a carrier matrix, and a particulate luminescent composition dispersed therein, the particulate luminescent composition comprising a rare-earth-doped solid-state solution of alkaline earth fluorides represented by the chemical formula REx(CaaSrbBac)1?xF2+x?2yOy wherein RE represents a three-valent rare-earth element, 0.005?x?0.20, and 0?y?0.2, a+b+c=1, with the proviso at least two of a, b, and c are not equal to zero; the particulate luminescent composition exhibiting a luminescence spectrum having a plurality of intensity peaks at characteristic wavelengths. It is further directed to a process by contacting a surface with the composition and articles made therefrom.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 12, 2007Publication date: June 26, 2008Inventors: Michael Karl CRAWFORD, Kurt Richard MIKESKA
-
Publication number: 20080048106Abstract: An apparatus for verifying, under ambient lighting conditions, the authenticity of an optical security mark on an item, the mark comprising a luminescent material which absorbs light within a first predetermined range of wavelengths and emits luminescence within a plurality of other predetermined wavelength ranges with a predetermined characteristic time response. The apparatus distinguishes the luminescence of the mark from fluorescence the item may have by distinguishing the slower luminescence decay rate of the security mark from the faster decay rate of the inherent fluorescence. The apparatus comprises an optical arrangement, having an illumination assembly and a luminescence detector assembly, and a signal processor assembly, all contained in a single housing. The illumination assembly and the luminescence detector assembly have a common focusing lens and are arranged along a common axis to illuminate the security mark and to detect emitted light from the security mark in a retro-reflective manner.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 1, 2007Publication date: February 28, 2008Inventors: Elwood Neal Blanchard, Michael Karl Crawford, Michael Robert Mc Quade, Phil Andrew Emms, Ralph Page, Robert Joseph Smalley
-
Publication number: 20080024771Abstract: The invention is directed to a method by exposing at least a portion of a luminescent coating disposed on a surface of an article to ultraviolet light at one or more preselected wavelengths causing said luminescent coating to exhibit a luminescence spectrum, the luminescence spectrum exhibiting a plurality of intensity peaks that have been priorly determined to create a standard; determining the intensity of at least two peaks in the luminescence spectrum of the coating; determining a peak intensity ratio of the at least two peaks; comparing the peak intensity ratio determined with the standard; and, classifying the article according to whether or not the peak intensity ratio does or does not match the standard; wherein the luminescent coating comprises a particulate luminescent composition comprising a rare earth doped fluoride represented by the formula RExA1-xF2+x-2yOy wherein RE represents a three-valent rare-earth element, A is alkaline earth, 0.002?x?0.20, and 0?y?x.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 17, 2007Publication date: January 31, 2008Inventors: MICHAEL KARL CRAWFORD, Kurt Richard Mikeska
-
Publication number: 20080025896Abstract: The invention is directed a composition represented by the chemical formula EuxA1?xF2+x?2yOy wherein A is alkaline earth, 0.002?x?0.20, and 0?y?x; the composition exhibiting a luminescence spectrum characterized by peaks at 592±2 nm and 627±2 nm, wherein the ratio of the peak intensity at 592±2 nm to that at 627±2 nm is at least 5% larger than the corresponding peak intensity ratio at the same wavelengths of a first corresponding reference composition with the same value of x that has not been exposed to a temperature above 100° C., and wherein said ratio of the peak intensity at 592±2 nm to that at 627±2 nm is at least 5% smaller than the corresponding peak intensity ratio at the same wavelengths of a second corresponding reference composition with the same value of x that has been subject to heating to 900° C. for 6 hours.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 17, 2007Publication date: January 31, 2008Inventors: CHANGZAI CHI, MICHAEL KARL CRAWFORD, KURT RICHARD MIKESKA
-
Patent number: 6974657Abstract: A fluorine-containing polymer prepared from at least a spacer group selected from the group consisting of ethylene, alpha-olefins, 1,1?-disubstituted olefins, vinyl alcohols, vinyl ethers, and 1,3-dienes; and a norbornyl radical containing a functional group containing the structure: —C(Rf)(Rf?)Orb wherein Rf and Rf? are the same or different fluoroalkyl groups of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or taken together are (CF2)n wherein n is an integer ranging from 2 to about 10 and Rb is a hydrogen atom or an acid- or base-labile protecting group; r is an integer ranging from 0-4. The fluorine-containing polymer has an absorption coefficient of less than 4.0 mm?1 at a wavelength of 157 nm. These polymers are useful in photoresist compositions for microlithography. They exhibit high transparency at this short wavelength and also possess other key properties, including good plasma etch resistance and adhesive properties.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 2001Date of Patent: December 13, 2005Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Larry L. Berger, Michael Karl Crawford, Jerald Feldman, Lynda Kaye Johnson, Frank Leonard Schadt, III, Fredrick Claus Zumsteg, Jr.
-
Publication number: 20040033436Abstract: A fluorine-containing polymer prepared from at least a spacer group selected from the group consisting of ethylene, alpha-olefins, 1,1′-disubstituted olefins, vinyl alcohols, vinyl ethers, and 1,3-dienes; and a norbornyl radical containing a functional group containing the structure: —C(Rf)(Rf′)Orb wherein Rf and Rf′ are the same or different fluoroalkyl groups of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or taken together are (CF2)n wherein n is an integer ranging from 2 to about 10 and Rb is a hydrogen atom or an acid-base-labile protecting group; r is an integer ranging from 0-4. The fluorine-containing polymer has an absorption coefficient of less than 4.0 mm−1 at a wavelength of 157 nm. These polymers are useful in photoresist compositions for microlithography. They exhibit high transparency at this short wavelength and also possess other key properties, including good plasma etch resistance and adhesive properties.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 18, 2003Publication date: February 19, 2004Inventors: Larry L. Berger, Michael Karl Crawford, Jerald Feldman, Lynda Kaye Johnson, Frank L. Schadt III, Fredrick Claus Zumsteg Jr
-
Publication number: 20040013971Abstract: An element having a support, and at least an antireflective layer; wherein the antireflective layer is prepared from a composition having a polymer selected from the group consisting of (a) a fluorine-containing copolymer comprising a repeat unit derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound characterized in that at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound is polycyclic; (b) a branched polymer containing protected acid groups, said polymer comprising one or more branch segment(s) chemically linked along a linear backbone segment; (c) fluoropolymers having at least one fluoroalcohol group having the structure:—C(Rf)(Rf′)OH wherein Rf and Rf′ are the same or different fluoroalkyl groups of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or taken together are (CF2)n wherein n is 2 to 10; (d) amorphous vinyl homopolymers of perfluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole or CX2═CY2, where X is —F, or —CF3 and Y is H, or amorphous vinyl copolymers of perfluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole andType: ApplicationFiled: April 8, 2003Publication date: January 22, 2004Inventors: Larry L Berger, Michael Karl Crawford, Roger Harquaill French, Robert Clayton Wheland, Frederick Claus Zumsteg