Abstract: Propeller for an airplane or boat includes a rotatable hub attachable to a power axle, a ring structure including an inner ring spaced apart from and connected to the hub, and shovel blades fixed to the inner ring. Each shovel blade is connected at an inner lateral edge to an outer surface of the inner ring and is angled rearward. The shovel blades are spaced apart from one another such that a leading edge of each shovel blade does not overlie a trailing edge of an immediately adjacent shovel blade and the trailing edge of each shovel blade does not underlie the leading edge of an immediately adjacent shovel blade. There may be an outer ring around the shovel blades, or separated blade guides on an opposite side of the shovel blades from the inner ring with each blade guide being associated with a respective shovel blade.

Abstract: Vehicle includes a frame, a seat arranged on the frame, a wheel rotatably mounted on the frame, an elongate directional slider, a pedal on the directional slider that slides between first and second positions, a main drive chain connected to the first wheel, a main drive sprocket that rotates the main drive chain and thus the first wheel, a flywheel that rotates the main drive sprocket, and an energy generating system that converts sliding of the pedal on the directional slider into rotational force to rotate the flywheel. The energy generating system may include a first electrical coil assembly connected to the pedal, a second electrical coil assembly in connection with the directional slider and that cooperates with the first electrical coil assembly to cause generation of electricity, and an electrical motor that is powered by the generated electricity and is coupled to the flywheel to rotate the flywheel.

Abstract: Two-stroke engine includes a cylinder having a peripheral wall defining an interior space, a crankshaft coupled to a piston movable in the cylinder and having a power stroke in which air/fuel in the interior space is ignited and the crankshaft is rotated and a compression stroke, two intake conduits leading to the cylinder, and intake valves in the intake conduits that regulate air flow into the interior space. An exhaust conduit leads from an opening in the peripheral wall between lowermost and uppermost positions of the piston. An exhaust valve is in the exhaust conduit. In an exhaust-intake stroke after the power stroke when the piston has moved such that its upper surface is below the opening, the outlet valve opens, and air is inlet into the interior space through the intake valve(s) and forces combustion products to exhaust the interior space into the exhaust conduit.

Abstract: Engine includes a cylinder having a peripheral wall defining a combustion chamber, a crankshaft, and a piston movable in the cylinder. Intake and exhaust valves regulate flow of an air into or combustion products out of the combustion chamber, respectively. An exhaust outlet port has an opening in the peripheral wall at a location between lowermost and uppermost piston positions, and an outlet port valve is associated with the exhaust outlet port. The exhaust stroke has a first exhaust stage in which combustion products exhaust through the exhaust outlet port when an upper surface of the piston is below the opening, and the outlet port valve opens. In a second, subsequent exhaust stage, during continued movement of the piston past the opening in the peripheral wall, the outlet port valve closes and remaining combustion products in the combustion chamber exhaust around the exhaust valve.

Abstract: Internal combustion piston engine includes a cylinder head partly defining two ducts and a combustion chamber, and poppet valves movably arranged in the cylinder head between positions allowing or preventing flow between the combustion chamber and the ducts. The poppet valve has a stem, a valve head having a hollow interior space, a lower surface facing the combustion chamber, an upper surface including a portion adjacent the stem, and a peripheral edge section that extends from the upper surface of the valve head to the lower surface. The valve head is formed separate from but connected to the valve stem in a manner to enclose the hollow space, for example, by a circumferential welding seam. The peripheral edge section contains an arcuate contact surface that extends from the upper to lower surfaces of the valve head and without any sharp edges between upper and lower surfaces.

Abstract: Vehicle including a frame, a seat, a wheel, a drive sprocket arranged on the wheel, a main drive sprocket, a transmission member coupling the drive sprockets, a pedal slider arranged in front of the seat and which swings forward and rearward, and a drive mechanism including an overrunning clutch system connected to the main drive sprocket. A power link is connected at a first end region to the pedal slider and at a second end region to the clutch system. Forward movement of the pedal slider causes movement of the power link and rotation of the clutch system which causes movement of the main drive sprocket and the wheel drive sprocket resulting in rotation of the wheel. The clutch system includes a drum including a groove in which the power link is retained.

Abstract: Apparatus for providing a source of compressed air for an engine having an engine cylinder and an engine crank shaft, includes a rotatable compressor crank shaft, a compressor cylinder defining an interior space and including a surface defining the interior space having first and second apertures, a valve in each aperture, a piston compressor moved upon rotation of the compressor crank shaft in the interior space of the compressor cylinder, a compressor intake conduit leading from ambient environment to one aperture, and an air tank. The apparatus also includes a compressor outlet conduit leading from the other aperture to the air tank, an engine intake conduit leading from the air tank to an interior space of the engine cylinder, and interconnection structure that interconnects the compressor crank shaft to the engine crank shaft such that rotation of the engine crank shaft causes rotation of the compressor crank shaft.

Abstract: Internal combustion piston engine includes a cylinder head partly defining two ducts and a combustion chamber, and poppet valves movably arranged in the cylinder head between positions allowing or preventing flow between the combustion chamber and the ducts. The poppet valve has a stem, a valve head having a hollow interior space, a lower surface facing the combustion chamber, an upper surface including a portion adjacent the stem, and a peripheral edge section that extends from the upper surface of the valve head to the lower surface. The valve head is formed separate from but connected to the valve stem in a manner to enclose the hollow space, for example, by a circumferential welding seam. The peripheral edge section contains an arcuate contact surface that extends from the upper to lower surfaces of the valve head and without any sharp edges between upper and lower surfaces.

Abstract: Transmission system for a manually powered vehicle includes a pedal, an overrunning clutch system having a drum, and a power link coupled at its ends to the pedal and drum. The drum has a circular portion and a fin extending radially outward from the circular portion. The power link passes over the fin and at least a part of the circular portion and has a free portion between the fin and pedal. Movement of the pedal causes movement of the power link and rotation of the drum. A transmission member is coupled to the clutch system and a rotatable drive sprocket connected to a wheel of the vehicle. Rotation of the drum causes movement of the transmission member and rotation of the drive sprocket leading to wheel rotation. Rotation of the drum in the direction opposite to the second direction does not cause movement of the transmission member.

Abstract: Vehicular transmission systems includes a frame, a wheel drive sprocket associated with a wheel, a main drive sprocket mounted on the frame, a transmission member rotationally coupling the drive sprockets, a pedal slider coupled to the frame and which swings forward and rearward, and a drive mechanism including an overrunning clutch system connected to the main drive sprocket. A power link is connected at a first end region to the pedal slider and at a second end region to the clutch system. Forward movement of the pedal slider causes movement of the power link and rotation of the clutch system which causes rotation of the main drive sprocket and the wheel drive sprocket resulting in rotation of the wheel. The clutch system includes a drum over which the power link passes, and which has a circular portion and a fin extending radially outward therefrom.

Abstract: Vehicle includes a frame, a seat arranged on the frame, a wheel rotatably mounted on the frame, an elongate directional slider, a pedal on the directional slider that slides between first and second positions, a main drive chain connected to the first wheel, a main drive sprocket that rotates the main drive chain and thus the first wheel, a flywheel that rotates the main drive sprocket, and an energy generating system that converts sliding of the pedal on the directional slider into rotational force to rotate the flywheel. The energy generating system may include a first electrical coil assembly connected to the pedal, a second electrical coil assembly in connection with the directional slider and that cooperates with the first electrical coil assembly to cause generation of electricity, and an electrical motor that is powered by the generated electricity and is coupled to the flywheel to rotate the flywheel.

Abstract: Vehicle including a frame, a seat, a wheel, a drive sprocket arranged on the wheel, a main drive sprocket, a transmission member coupling the drive sprockets, a pedal slider arranged in front of the seat and which swings forward and rearward, and a drive mechanism including an overrunning clutch system connected to the main drive sprocket. A power link is connected at a first end region to the pedal slider and at a second end region to the clutch system. Forward movement of the pedal slider causes movement of the power link and rotation of the clutch system which causes movement of the main drive sprocket and the wheel drive sprocket resulting in rotation of the wheel. The clutch system includes a drum including a groove in which the power link is retained.

Abstract: Vehicle (110) including a frame (114), a seat mounted to the frame (114), wheels (116, 118) rotatably mounted on the frame (114), and drive mechanisms (112) for causing rotation of one wheel (116). Each drive mechanism (112) includes an arm (132) pivotally attached to the frame (114) at one end, a weight (136) and attached pedal (138) at an opposite end of the arm (132), and a guide member (142) including a bump (150) and that moves in conjunction with movement of the weight (136). The guide member (142) has a first end region at which it is pivotally attached to the frame (114) and a second, opposite end region which is free. A roller (140) attached to the arm (132) moves along the guide member (142) during pivotal movement of the arm (132) to cause pivoting of the guide member (142) as the roller (140) engages with the bump (150). An energy transfer system (148) converts pivotal movement of the guide member (142) into motive power to rotate the wheel (116).

Abstract: Vehicle including a frame, a seat, a wheel, a drive sprocket arranged on the wheel, a main drive sprocket, a transmission member coupling the drive sprockets, a pedal slider arranged in front of the seat and which swings forward and rearward, and a drive mechanism including an overrunning clutch system connected to the main drive sprocket. A power link is connected at a first end region to the pedal slider and at a second end region to the clutch system. Forward movement of the pedal slider causes movement of the power link and rotation of the clutch system which causes movement of the main drive sprocket and the wheel drive sprocket resulting in rotation of the wheel. A roller is arranged on the frame to guide the power link in a substantially horizontal plane in a portion between the roller and the pedal slider.

Abstract: Poppet valve for an internal combustion engine including a valve stem and a single circular valve head attached at one end of the valve stem. The valve head has a circular peripheral contour and an arcuate edge without any sharp elements to avoid turbulence and improve flow around the valve to therefore maximize flow velocity. This translates into increased cylinder breathing in the intake cycle and reducing back pressure in the exhaust cycle.

Abstract: Poppet valve for an internal combustion engine including a valve stem and a single circular valve head attached at one end of the valve stem. The valve head has a circular peripheral contour and an arcuate edge without any sharp elements to avoid turbulence and improve flow around the valve to therefore maximize flow velocity. This translates into increased cylinder breathing in the intake cycle and reducing back pressure in the exhaust cycle.

Abstract: Vehicular airbag system includes a holder, airbag assemblies each having at least one inflatable airbag, and support brackets arranged on the holder. Each support bracket retains an airbag assembly. The support brackets have different heights relative to a plane defined by or through the holder and are positioned relative to one another such that the airbags inflate at different heights relative to the plane and an airbag inflating at a greatest height from the plane overlies at least one other airbag closer to the plane. The holder may form a housing with a cover that is broken or displaced during airbag deployment, with the support brackets and airbag assemblies being situated in a chamber defined in the housing between the holder and the cover.

Abstract: Exercise equipment includes a case having first and second parts. The first part is movable relative to the second part and defines a closed state in which an interior compartment is defined and an open state in which the interior compartment is accessible. The first and second parts each have a bottom panel and at least one side panel extending from an outer edge thereof. The first part includes a pair of connection implements in or on side panels opposite one another. In a use state, a connection pin engages with the connection implements, a pneumatic cylinder connects to the connection pin and includes an extendable actuating rod, and an attachment is attachable to the actuating rod and allows a user to interact therewith to exercise. The connection pin, pneumatic cylinder, and attachment fits in the interior compartment in their storage state.

Abstract: Vehicle (110) including a frame (114), a seat mounted to the frame (114), wheels (116, 118) rotatably mounted on the frame (114), and drive mechanisms (112) for causing rotation of one wheel (116). Each drive mechanism (112) includes an arm (132) pivotally attached to the frame (114) at one end, a weight (136) and attached pedal (138) at an opposite end of the arm (132), and a guide member (142) including a bump (150) and that moves in conjunction with movement of the weight (136). The guide member (142) has a first end region at which it is pivotally attached to the frame (114) and a second, opposite end region which is free. A roller (140) attached to the arm (132) moves along the guide member (142) during pivotal movement of the arm (132) to cause pivoting of the guide member (142) as the roller (140) engages with the bump (150). An energy transfer system (148) converts pivotal movement of the guide member (142) into motive power to rotate the wheel (116).

Abstract: Vehicle including a frame, a seat mounted to the frame, wheels rotatably mounted on the frame, and drive mechanisms for causing rotation of one wheel. Each drive mechanism includes an arm pivotally attached to the frame at one end, a weight and attached pedal at an opposite end of the arm, and a guide member including a bump and that moves in conjunction with movement of the weight. The guide member has a first end region at which the guide member is pivotally attached to the frame and a second, opposite end region which is free. A roller attached to the arm moves along the guide member during pivotal movement of the arm to cause pivoting of the guide member as the roller engages with the bump. An energy transfer system converts pivotal movement of the guide member into motive power to rotate the wheel.