Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for the position determination of a cylinder piston located in a cylinder liner, said apparatus comprising: a port for coupling an electrical signal into or out of the interior of the cylinder liner, wherein a signal coupled into the interior of the cylinder liner interacts with the cylinder piston. The present disclosure is characterized by a unit for determining the position of the cylinder piston which is connected to the port and which is configured to determine the position of the cylinder piston in the cylinder liner with the aid of a vectorial measurement of a signal decoupled from the cylinder liner.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for the position determination of a cylinder piston located in a cylinder liner, said apparatus comprising: a port for coupling an electrical signal into or out of the interior of the cylinder liner, wherein a signal coupled into the interior of the cylinder liner interacts with the cylinder piston. The present disclosure is characterized by a unit for determining the position of the cylinder piston which is connected to the port and which is configured to determine the position of the cylinder piston in the cylinder liner with the aid of a vectorial measurement of a signal decoupled from the cylinder liner.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device for monitoring and balancing the cell voltages of at least two energy storage cells, which are electrically connected in series, of a multi-cell energy storage stack having at least one energy storage element, a voltage measuring unit, a first combinatorial circuit that is connected to each energy storage cell and the voltage measuring unit, a second combinatorial circuit that is connected to the energy storage element, the voltage measuring unit, and the first combinatorial circuit, and controls a control unit, which is connected to the voltage measuring unit and the first and second combinatorial circuit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device for monitoring and balancing the cell voltages of at least two energy storage cells, which are electrically connected in series, of a multi-cell energy storage stack having at least one energy storage element, a voltage measuring unit, a first combinatorial circuit that is connected to each energy storage cell and the voltage measuring unit, a second combinatorial circuit that is connected to the energy storage element, the voltage measuring unit, and the first combinatorial circuit, and controls a control unit, which is connected to the voltage measuring unit and the first and second combinatorial circuit.

Abstract: An improved reusable vacuum bag for use in the manufacture of fiber-reinforced composite components, wherein a polyurea-based prepolymer mixture is applied to a prepared surface, such as the surface of an open mold, and allowed to rapidly polymerize under ambient conditions to form the reusable vacuum bag. The polyurea-based prepolymer is made by combining an isocyanate component with a resin blend component, and preferably mixed and dispensed using a spray device. The prepolymer mixture forms a coating that quickly polymerizes at ambient conditions into a flexible vacuum bag having a shape conforming to the receiving surface. The vacuum bag, once formed, may be used repeatedly to fabricate a plurality of composite parts.

Abstract: A method for enhancing the vacuum integrity and extending the useful life of a mold-type forming tool operable with negative pressure, the method comprising: (a) preparing a surface of the tool to receive a sealing coating thereon; (b) optionally applying a primer material to the surface; (c) obtaining a sealing coating having a formulation comprising a urea and polyurethane composition; (d) applying the sealing coating to the surface, over the primer material, prior to the primer material drying, the primer material interacting with and facilitating a bond of the sealing coating to the surface; and (e) curing the sealing coating to effectuate the bond between the sealing coating and the surface, and to seal the surface.

Abstract: Vacuum bagging methods, systems and compositions are provided with enhanced sealing capabilities. Generally, the system and method of the present invention provide for applying a sufficient amount of a sealing layer of resin onto at least one structural component of a vacuum bagging system, over a primer material, which sealing layer can be configured to increase vacuum bagging seal integrity.