Abstract: In chemical processes for cracking hydrocarbons, reactors are subject to coking. This results in carburization of the metal substrate for the reactor leading to a reduced reactor life. If the reactor is subject to a decoke process, followed by a steam scour and nitrogenating there is a reduced tendency to carburization of the metal substrate improving the reactor life.

Abstract: In chemical processes for cracking hydrocarbons, reactors are subject to coking During the decoke process carburization of the metal substrate can occur, negatively impacting reactor life. Decokes are also costly due to down-time where costs are incurred without production of commercial products. Reducing the frequency of decokes provides an opportunity to reduce the financial impacts of downtimes. A start-up procedure is described herein that limits initial coke deposition, leading to a reduced tendency for carburization of the metal substrate, improving reactor life, and more importantly, extending reactor run length.

Abstract: A process, a system, and an apparatus for separation of an oxygenate from a stream is provided. More specifically, a stream comprising the oxygenate is introduced to a quench tower along with a caustic outlet stream comprising a metal salt. Contact between the oxygenate and the metal salt results in conversion of a portion of the oxygenate into a derivative salt. The derivative salt and unconverted oxygenate are condensed by quenching and substantially removed from the quench tower as an oxygenate outlet stream. The gaseous components of the stream, minus a substantial portion of the oxygenate, are removed from the quench tower as a quench outlet stream.

Abstract: A system and method for oxidative dehydrogenation including a first reactor having a first ODH catalyst to dehydrogenate an alkane to a corresponding alkene at a first temperature and facilitate generation of steam, a second reactor having a second ODH catalyst to dehydrogenate alkane in a first-reactor effluent to the corresponding alkene at a second temperature that may be greater than the first temperature and facilitate generation of steam, and a third reactor having a third ODH catalyst to dehydrogenate alkane in a second-reactor effluent to the corresponding alkene at a third temperature that may be greater than the first temperature or the second temperature and facilitate generation of steam.

Abstract: A process, a system, and an apparatus for separation of an oxygenate from a stream is provided. More specifically, a stream comprising the oxygenate is introduced to a quench tower along with a caustic outlet stream comprising a metal salt. Contact between the oxygenate and the metal salt results in conversion of a portion of the oxygenate into a derivative salt. The derivative salt and unconverted oxygenate are condensed by quenching and substantially removed from the quench tower as an oxygenate outlet stream. The gaseous components of the stream, minus a substantial portion of the oxygenate, are removed from the quench tower as a quench outlet stream.

Abstract: A method of safely mixing a hydrocarbon with an oxidant is provided. The hydrocarbon and oxidant are saturated with a non-flammable liquid in pre-mix zones that are flooded with the non-flammable liquid and fluidly connected to a common mixing zone that is partially flooded with the non-flammable liquid. The saturated hydrocarbon and oxidant combine within the common mixing zone forming bubbles of a homogeneous gas mixture of hydrocarbon and oxidant, preferably in a ratio of hydrocarbon to oxidant that is outside of the flammability limit, that can exit the non-flammable liquid into a headspace where it can be retrieved for use in an oxidative reaction process such as oxidative dehydrogenation.

Abstract: In chemical processes for cracking hydrocarbons, reactors are subject to coking. This results in carburization of the metal substrate for the reactor leading to a reduced reactor life. If the reactor is subject to a decoke process, followed by a steam scour and nitrogenating there is a reduced tendency to carburization of the metal substrate improving the reactor life.

Abstract: Oxidative dehydrogenation is an alternative to the energy extensive steam cracking process presently used for the production of olefins from paraffins. Various embodiments of an oxidative dehydrogenation chemical complex designed to allow removal of sulfur containing contaminants that collect in the gas mixer unit and in the feed lines leading to the ODH reactor are disclosed herein.

Abstract: In chemical processes for cracking hydrocarbons, reactors are subject to coking. This results in carburization of the metal substrate for the reactor leading to a reduced reactor life. If the reactor is subject to a decoke process, followed by a steam scour and nitriding there is a reduced tendency to carburization of the metal substrate improving the reactor life.

Abstract: A process, a system, and an apparatus for separation of an oxygenate from a stream is provided. More specifically, a stream comprising the oxygenate is introduced to a quench tower along with a caustic outlet stream comprising a metal salt. Contact between the oxygenate and the metal salt results in conversion of a portion of the oxygenate into a derivative salt. The derivative salt and unconverted oxygenate are condensed by quenching and substantially removed from the quench tower as an oxygenate outlet stream. The gaseous components of the stream, minus a substantial portion of the oxygenate, are removed from the quench tower as a quench outlet stream.

Abstract: Crackers for hydrocarbon such as naphtha and C2-C4 paraffins contain a radiant section and a convection section. The exhaust gases leaving the radiant section pass through the convection. Generally fouling from the convection section was low relative to fouling (e.g., coke build up) in the radiant section. With improved metallurgy and operating conditions, the time between decokes of the radiant section has increased and now there is a need to reduce fouling from the convection section. This may be achieved by using stainless steel, and particularly high nickel, high chrome stainless steel in the passes in the convection section.

Abstract: Oxidative dehydrogenation is an alternative to the energy extensive steam cracking process presently used for the production of olefins from paraffins. Various embodiments of an oxidative dehydrogenation chemical complex designed to allow removal of sulfur containing contaminants that collect in the gas mixer unit and in the feed lines leading to the ODH reactor are disclosed herein.

Abstract: In chemical processes for cracking hydrocarbons, reactors are subject to coking. This results in carburization of the metal substrate for the reactor leading to a reduced reactor life. If the reactor is subject to a decoke process, followed by a steam scour and nitriding there is a reduced tendency to carburization of the metal substrate improving the reactor life.