Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for separating a plastic solvolysis mixture comprising plastic degradation product, solvent and catalyst by means of membrane filtration. The resulting fractions can be recycled and reused, for example, for the solvolysis of plastics or as raw materials for the production of plastics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a mixture comprising at least one compound having at least two hydroxy and/or amino groups made of a biomass material. The invention also relates to such a mixture and to the use thereof for producing a polymer such as for example a polyurethane foam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for purifying a polymer solvolysis mixture to obtain a mixture of substances and its use in the production of polymers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a polyurethane foam, in particular an aerogel, from at least one polyisocyanate and at least one optionally recycled polyol, and to the use thereof.

Abstract: An optical position-measuring device for determining a relative position of two objects that are movable relative to one another along two measurement directions includes scanning units which are connected to one of the two objects and each include a light source, one or more gratings, and a detector assembly, and a scale which is connected to the other object. The scale includes a two-dimensional measuring graduation composed of structure elements which are periodically arranged along the measurement directions and have different optical properties, and reference marks which are integrated into the measuring graduation and have periodic and aperiodic sub-regions. Scanning of a respective reference mark allows a respective reference signal to be generated at a defined reference position along a measurement direction. The periodic sub-regions of the reference marks have a higher scanning efficiency than the surrounding measuring graduation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to generally relates to polyurethanes containing at least one lignin compound. In particular, the invention relates to a reactive polyurethane system comprising at least one polyol, at least one polyisocyanate and at least one lignin compound. In further aspects, the invention relates to a process for producing a polyurethane from a reactive system as disclosed, a polyurethane obtainable by such process, polyurethane adhesives, articles comprising cured polyurethane adhesives and a method for adhesive bonding.

Abstract: A device includes a grating coupler with a grating constant, two light sources, and a planar waveguide, which are configured to couple light with two different wavelengths ?1, ?2 into the waveguide. The waveguide has a waveguiding layer disposed adjacent to a substrate layer and a cover layer. The waveguiding layer has a thickness d and effective refractive indices of N(?k, jk), wherein ?k is one of the wavelengths and jk is an order of a waveguide mode, wherein the coupled light of the wavelength ?k has a coupling angle ?k into the waveguide, and wherein an amount of difference between the coupling angles is a divergence angle ??. Guiding of waveguide modes of the order jk>0 is possible for a wavelength of the coupled light. The waveguiding layer is arranged to couple the light via the grating coupler under a divergence angle of ??<6.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a polyurethane foam, in particular an aerogel, from at least one polyisocyanate and at least one optionally recycled polyol, and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a mixture comprising at least one compound having at least two hydroxy and/or amino groups made of a biomass material. The invention also relates to such a mixture and to the use thereof for producing a polymer such as for example a polyurethane foam.

Abstract: A diffractive biosensor for the selective detection of biomolecules includes a substrate and an optical biograting situated on the substrate, the biograting having periodically arranged receptors for the biomolecules and the efficiency of a diffraction of incident light, and thus the intensity of a measuring light beam arriving in a detector, is a function of a mass coverage of the biograting with the biomolecules to be detected. The biosensor has a device for generating a reference light beam directed to the detector, by which the phase position of stray light arriving in the detector is able to be determined.

Abstract: A device includes a grating coupler with a grating constant, two light sources, and a planar waveguide, which are configured to couple light with two different wavelengths ?1, ?2 into the waveguide. The waveguide has a waveguiding layer disposed adjacent to a substrate layer and a cover layer. The waveguiding layer has a thickness d and effective refractive indices of N(?k, jk), wherein ?k is one of the wavelengths and jk is an order of a waveguide mode, wherein the coupled light of the wavelength ?k has a coupling angle ?k into the waveguide, and wherein an amount of difference between the coupling angles is a divergence angle ??. Guiding of waveguide modes of the order jk>0 is possible for a wavelength of the coupled light. The waveguiding layer is arranged to couple the light via the grating coupler under a divergence angle of ??<6.

Abstract: The present invention relates to generally relates to polyurethanes containing at least one lignin compound. In particular, the invention relates to a reactive polyurethane system comprising at least one polyol, at least one polyisocyanate and at least one lignin compound. In further aspects, the invention relates to a process for producing a polyurethane from a reactive system as disclosed, a polyurethane obtainable by such process, polyurethane adhesives, articles comprising cured polyurethane adhesives and a method for adhesive bonding.

Abstract: The invention relates to a locking device for a switchable valve drive component, including a first locking body and a second locking body which can be brought into engagement with one another or out of engagement in order to couple to one another or to uncouple two component parts arranged movably with respect to one another, wherein at least one of the two locking bodies has at least one curved surface. In order to increase the wear resistance of the locking device, provision is made for at least one of the two locking bodies to have a plurality of curved surfaces of which the respective curvature is described by radii of identical length having constructional center points spaced apart from one another.

Abstract: A diffractive biosensor for selective detection of biomolecules includes a substrate and a flat waveguide disposed on the substrate. The waveguide has an optical grating configured to couple incident light into the waveguide such that the light is guided through the waveguide to a detection region located behind an edge of the waveguide. The in-coupling efficiency and intensity of the light arriving in the detection region are dependent on a surface coverage of the optical grating with the biomolecules to be detected. The optical grating has receptors for the biomolecules periodically arranged on the waveguide. The light incident on the optical grating is collimated.

Abstract: A clip for a switchable roller finger follower that includes a retainer for a hydraulic lash adjuster, and an anti-rotation feature that prevents rotation of a coupling pin is provided. The clip includes a first leg arranged adjacent to a dome-shaped recess on a bottom surface of an outer lever of the switchable roller finger follower that includes a retainer for the hydraulic lash adjuster, and a second leg of the clip includes an anti-rotation bar that extends laterally across a part of the coupling pin and prevents rotation of the coupling pin. A switchable finger follower with the clip is also provided.

Abstract: A clip for a switchable roller finger follower that includes a retainer for a hydraulic lash adjuster, and an anti-rotation feature that prevents rotation of a coupling pin is provided. The clip includes a first leg arranged adjacent to a dome-shaped recess on a bottom surface of an outer lever of the switchable roller finger follower that includes a retainer for the hydraulic lash adjuster, and a second leg of the clip includes an anti-rotation bar that extends laterally across a part of the coupling pin and prevents rotation of the coupling pin. A switchable finger follower with the clip is also provided.

Abstract: A double-flow hydraulic support element for a switchable finger lever of a valve train of an internal combustion engine is provided. A piston is arranged in an axial bore of the housing of the support element in an axially movable manner, and the piston includes a hollow cylindrical pressure part and a cup-shaped working part. A head of the pressure part is used as a support for the finger lever and projects beyond the housing edge, and an opening for the flow of a hydraulic medium is formed in the end face of the head. The housing has a first passage and a second passage axially spaced from the first passage for the hydraulic medium. The support element has a hydraulic play compensation device with a ball non-return valve for the finger lever.

Abstract: A double-flow hydraulic support element for a switchable finger lever of a valve train of an internal combustion engine is provided. A piston is arranged in an axial bore of the housing of the support element in an axially movable manner, and the piston includes a hollow cylindrical pressure part and a cup-shaped working part. A head of the pressure part is used as a support for the finger lever and projects beyond the housing edge, and an opening for the flow of a hydraulic medium is formed in the end face of the head. The housing has a first passage and a second passage axially spaced from the first passage for the hydraulic medium. The support element has a hydraulic play compensation device with a ball non-return valve for the finger lever.

Abstract: The invention relates to a locking device for a switchable valve drive component, including a first locking body and a second locking body which can be brought into engagement with one another or out of engagement in order to couple to one another or to uncouple two component parts arranged movably with respect to one another, wherein at least one of the two locking bodies has at least one curved surface. In order to increase the wear resistance of the locking device, provision is made for at least one of the two locking bodies to have a plurality of curved surfaces of which the respective curvature is described by radii of identical length having constructional center points spaced apart from one another.