Abstract: A method for ascertaining a variable characterizing a flow rate of a fuel injector during an operation of an internal combustion engine, to which the fuel injector is assigned. At least two input values for a data-based model are ascertained, and at least one output value is determined with the aid of the data-based model, on the basis of which a value for the variable characterizing the flow rate of the fuel injector is ascertained. The data-based model combines at least two methods differing from one another for ascertaining a variable characterizing a flow rate of a fuel injector.

Abstract: A method for ascertaining a variable characterizing a flow rate of a fuel injector during an operation of an internal combustion engine, to which the fuel injector is assigned. At least two input values for a data-based model are ascertained, and at least one output value is determined with the aid of the data-based model, on the basis of which a value for the variable characterizing the flow rate of the fuel injector is ascertained. The data-based model combines at least two methods differing from one another for ascertaining a variable characterizing a flow rate of a fuel injector.

Abstract: A hybrid drive mechanism for a wheel-driven vehicle. The drive mechanism has an electromotor with a rotor and a stator as a first drive source, with a first speed and a first torque, and a pedal drive as a second drive source, with a second speed and a second torque. The stator of the electromotor is positioned on an axle or shaft of the drive train between the pedal crank and the drive wheel, preferably on a wheel axis, in such a way that it can rotate. The stator can be coupled mechanically with the second drive source so that the stator is driven by the second drive source, and the rotor of the electromotor has a speed which corresponds to the sum of the first speed of the first drive and the second speed of the second drive.

Abstract: A lighting system, in particular for bicycles, which operates in accordance with the principle of a wind generator. The lighting system (1) is mounted at the front of the bicycle above the front wheel. A system comprising a dynamo (2), propeller (3), electrical circuit (6), battery (4) and lighting devices (5) which are adapted to each other permits the illumination of a tail light even when stationary. A voltage monitor and an overload protector are part of the circuit (6).

Abstract: A planetary-gear train for a hybrid-drive vehicle employing muscle power and an auxiliary motor, where said auxiliary motor drives a sun wheel, the crown gear is driven by muscle power, and the power take-off is provided by a planetary-gear carrier on the driven wheel of the vehicle.