Abstract: An open type cage, having exterior threads and three equally spaced slots, which locates and contains the stationary or standing ball and seat check valve, and connects to standardized, stationary barrel, top or bottom anchored, rod insert pumps that are commonly used for crude oil production. This cage allows for the placement of a standard sized, flat type, ball and seat at the very end of the pump barrel or extension coupling, or up inside of the same. This positioning allows the upper travelling valve to sweep as close as possible to the lower standing valve when the plunger is at the bottom of its stroke. This reduces the unswept volume and increases the pumps compression ratio. This cage has two slightly different configurations that is determined by the bore size of the pump for which it is designed, but both variations use standard valve sizes and threaded connections.

Abstract: A medicament vial safety cap which may be formed integrally at the time of manufacture of the medicament vial or added as an accessory to an existing conventional medicament vial allows an equalization of pressure to occur within a chamber adjacent to the stopper of the vial so that aerosolization of medicaments does not occur as a hypodermic needle is inserted or withdrawn from the vial. A hydrophobic filter, communicating between the vial safety chamber and the ambient, allows the pressure equalization to occur while trapping molecules of medicament inside the chamber.