Abstract: A power electronics inverter includes a housing which forms a cold plate with coolant passages. The housing encloses an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), and a DC Link capacitor. The capacitor comprises a bus-bar which exits from a bottom side of the capacitor, and the bus-bar is positioned adjacent to the cold plate. The cold plate forms a cooling passage which underlies the IGBT and the capacitor bus-bar. Thermally conductive gap pads are located between the capacitor bus-bar and the cold plate.

Abstract: A power electronics inverter includes a housing which forms a cold plate with coolant passages. The housing encloses an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), and a DC Link capacitor. The capacitor comprises a bus-bar which exits from a bottom side of the capacitor, and the bus-bar is positioned adjacent to the cold plate. The cold plate forms a cooling passage which underlies the IGBT and the capacitor bus-bar. Thermally conductive gap pads are located between the capacitor bus-bar and the cold plate.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved methods for detection of minimal disease. More specifically, the invention provides methods for combining cell sorting with clonality profiling to effectively lower sensitivity limits for disease detection and to provide independent confirmation of the tumor detection without the need for patient specific assay designs.

Abstract: A system, method, and article for diagnosing a test set of biological cells. For example, in one embodiment a normal set of cells is characterized using flow cytometry. A centroid and radius are defined for a set of clusters in an n-dimensional space corresponding to a normal maturation for a cell lineage in the normal set of cells. A test set of cells is characterized using flow cytometry and the characterization is compared to the set of clusters.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for determining multi-drug resistance activity of a tumor cell that is present in a heterogeneous mixture of normal cells. The present invention relates particularly to improved quantitative methods for characterizing multi-drug resistance of selected populations of cells, including hematopoietic cell populations containing malignant cells. More specifically, the invention provides flow immunocytometric methods for determining whether malignant hematopoietic cells are resistant to a chemotherapeutic drug and for identifying agents that inhibit multi-drug resistance activity in the malignant cells.

Abstract: A method for generating extreme ultraviolet radiation and soft x-ray radiation with a gas discharge operated on the left branch of the Paschen curve, in particular, for EUV lithography, wherein a discharge chamber (10) of a predetermined gas pressure and two electrodes (11, 12) are used, wherein the electrodes have an opening (14, 15), respectively, positioned on the same symmetry axis (13) and, in the course of a voltage increase (16) upon reaching a predetermined ignition voltage (Uz), generate a plasma (17) located in the area between their openings (14, 15), which plasma is a source of the radiation (17?) to be generated, wherein an ignition of the plasma (17) is realized by affecting the gas pressure and/or by triggering, and wherein, with the ignition of the plasma (17), an energy storage device supplies by means of the electrodes (11, 12) stored energy into the plasma (17), characterized in that the ignition of the plasma (17) is realized by using a predetermined ignition delay (18).

Abstract: The present invention provides improved methods for collecting cells for subsequent analysis. More specifically, the invention provides methods for collecting purified cell samples from a flow cytometer onto a solid support on which cell lysis occurs and genetic material is immobilized.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved methods for collecting cells for subsequent analysis. More specifically, the invention provides methods for collecting purified cell samples from a flow cytometer onto a solid support on which cell lysis occurs and genetic material is immobilized.

Abstract: A method for generating extreme ultraviolet radiation and soft x-ray radiation with a gas discharge operated on the left branch of the Paschen curve, in particular, for EUV lithography,