Abstract: The present invention discloses and claims vaccines containing, as an active ingredient, a secreted recombinantly produced dimeric form of truncated flaviviral envelope protein. The vaccines are capable of eliciting the production of neutralizing antibodies against flaviviruses. The dimeric forms of truncated flaviviral envelope protein are formed 1) by directly linking two tandem copies of 80% E in a head to tail fashion via a flexible tether; 2) via the formation of a leucine zipper domain through the homodimeric association of two leucine zipper helices each fused to the carboxy terminus of an 80% E molecule; or 3) via the formation of a non-covalently associated four-helix bundle domain formed upon association of two helix-turn-helix moieties each attached to the carboxy terminus of an 80% E molecule.

Abstract: The present invention discloses and claims vaccines containing, as an active ingredient, a secreted recombinantly produced dimeric form of truncated flaviviral envelope protein. The vaccines are capable of eliciting the production of neutralizing antibodies against flaviviruses. The dimeric forms of truncated flaviviral envelope protein are formed 1) by directly linking two tandem copies of 80% E in a head to tail fashion via a flexible tether; 2) via the formation of a leucine zipper domain through the homodimeric association of two leucine zipper helices each fused to the carboxy terminus of an 80% E molecule; or 3) via the formation of a non-covalently associated four-helix bundle domain formed upon association of two helix-turn-helix moieties each attached to the carboxy terminus of an 80% E molecule.

Abstract: A vaccine contains at least one Drosophila cell-secreted, recombinantly-produced form of a truncated Flavivirus envelope glycoprotein, as an active ingredient, and an adjuvant, as a critical component of the vaccine. The adjuvant is an immunomodulating agent having an iscom-like structure and comprising within the iscom-like structure at least one lipid and at least one saponin, and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle. Such a vaccine protects a subject against infection by a Flavivirus.

Abstract: The recombinant expression and secretion from eucaryotic host cells, particularly Drosophila cells, of Flavivirus nonstructural (NS) protein, particularly NS1, is useful in combination with Flavivirus truncated envelope (E) protein to protect a host subject from infection and disease from Flavivirus species. Further, NS1 is useful as a diagnostic of flaviviral infection. Compositions of truncated flaviviral envelope protein and flaviviral nonstructural protein induce high titer virus neutralizing antibodies believed to be important in protection against flaviviral infection and which are useful in diagnosis of infection by the virus.

Abstract: An apparatus for discharging effluent from a photographic process, such as developing liquid to a drain. The effluent can be, for example, de-silvered, spent fixer liquid, and spent developer liquid, which if mixed together, particularly in the presence of oxygen, form a solid iron oxide precipitate which becomes a sludge and eventually clogs pipes and drains. The apparatus includes two separate reservoirs for holding the liquids and two separate pumps for pumping the liquids to a drain, while reducing the risk of clogging in the pipes and drain from precipitate formation.