Abstract: A computer-implemented fraud detection method and system for periodically identifying network associations in a consumer population at a national credit reporting agency and computing associated network level variables related to credit use and potential first party fraud for the consumer population. In response to receiving a request for a target account from among the consumer population the computer-implemented system retrieves credit report for the target account and computes tradeline or account level variables related to credit use and potential fraudulent behavior. A fraud score is calculated based on a combined evaluation of the network level variables and the tradeline or account level variables.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for waveguide-based and free space based optical interconnection in integrated circuits that includes an input optical waveguide with etched end-facets, an output optical waveguide with an end-facets and modulators and detectors.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for achieving high-density and misalignment tolerant short-reach free-space optical interconnects between arbitrary locations in a field, using microlenses, steering elements and a curved reflecting surface.