Abstract: Fatty acid esters of oxalkylated alkylalkylenediamines, which may be quaternized:Esters of oxalkylated alkylalkylenediamines, which may be quaternized, of the formula ##STR1## where the individual symbols have the meaning given in the description, process for their production and their use as corrosion inhibitors, particularly in crude oil recovery plants and crude oil treatment plants.

Abstract: Bipolar electrodes of graphite or glassy carbon are provided on the cathode side with metal nets of a material reducing the hydrogen overvoltage, such as nickel, copper, titanium, steel or brass and between the metal nets and the next anode a spacer made of an insulating material is inserted.

Abstract: N-Vinyl-N-alkyl-carboxylic acid amides are prepared, starting from N-ethyl-carboxylic acid amides, in a 3-stage process consisting of the following stages:(a) anodic alkoxylation of the N-ethyl-carboxylic acid amides to give N-.alpha.-alkoxyethyl-carboxylic acid amides;(b) alkylation of these N-.alpha.-alkoxyethyl-carboxylic acid amides with an alkyl halide or dialkyl sulfate in an alkaline medium to give N-.alpha.-alkoxyethyl-N-alkyl-carboxylic acid amides; and(c) splitting off of alcohol from the products of stage (b) by heating to temperatures between about 60.degree. and about 350.degree. C.Instead of stages (b) and (c), it is also possible to carry out the following stages after stage (a):(b.sub.1) splitting off of alcohol from the N-.alpha.-alkoxyethylcarboxylic acid amides obtained in stage (a) by heating to temperatures of about 60.degree. to about 600.degree. C., to give N-vinyl-carboxylic acid amides; and(c.sub.

Abstract: N-.alpha.-alkoxyethyl-carboxylic acid amides are prepared by anodic alkoxylation of N-ethyl-carboxylic acid amides with an alcohol in an electrolytic cell using vitreous carbon as anode material and at least one alkali metal and/or tetraalkyl-ammonium alkosulfate as supporting electrolyte.

Abstract: Special cyclic enamides are prepared by splitting off alcohols catalytically from the corresponding alkoxylated cyclic amides, in the presence of at least one tetraalkylammonium and/or alkali metal salt of tetrafluoroboric acid and/or of hexafluorophosphoric acid as the catalyst, at a temperature of from about 120.degree. to 250.degree. C., distilling off the detached alcohol and isolating the formed enamide in known manner. Particularly preferred starting compounds are those cyclic amides which have been obtained by anodic alkoxylation of corresponding cyclic N-compounds in an alcohol in the presence of supporting electrolytes which are identical with the catalysts subsequently used for splitting off the alcohol, and by distilling off the alcohol from the reaction batch. The enamides are valuable starting products and intermediates for various syntheses, for example, syntheses of prostaglandins and of other pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Novel alkoxy derivatives of N-substituted cyclic amines of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an aryl group having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aralkoxy or aroxy group,R.sup.2 is a linear or branched alkylene group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the chain,X is OR.sup.3 , where R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,Y is hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-O-alkyl, provided that in the case where R.sup.1 is an alkoxy group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Y is not H.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.4 represents an alkyl radical having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.5 represents a linear or branched alkylene radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the chain which may be substituted by groups which are not reactive under the applied conditions, and R.sup.6 represents hydrogen or a branched alkyl radical having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms with a secondary or tertiary N-.alpha.-C atom, are prepared by anodic alkoxylation of lactams of the formula ##STR2## with an alcohol of the formula R.sup.4 OH, in which formulae R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 have the aforesaid meaning, in the presence of at least one alkali metal or tetraalkylammonium tetrafluoroborate, hexafluoroborate or nitrate as conducting salt, at a temperature of up to about 100.degree. C in an electrolytic cell with stationary or flowing electrolyte. Some of the products are novel.

Abstract: .omega.,.omega.-Dialkoxycarboxylic acid derivatives I (amides and esters) are prepared by heating .omega.-alkoxylactams II with hydrogen halide in an alcohol. When using only a catalytical quantity of hydrogen halide, there are obtained the amides, when using a quantity of hydrogen halide which is at least about equimolar, there are obtained the esters of the corresponding .omega.,.omega.-dialkoxycarboxylic acids. Since the compounds I are acetals, they may be readily converted into the corresponding .omega.-formyl compounds. Both the acetals I and the corresponding .omega.-formyl compounds are valuable intermediates for the synthesis of for example prostaglandins, sexual attractants and antioxidants.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.4 represents an alkyl radical having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sup.5 represents a linear or branched alkylene radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the chain which may be substituted by groups which are not reactive under the applied conditions, andR.sup.6 represents hydrogen or a branched alkyl radical having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms with a secondary or tertiary N-.alpha.-C atom, are prepared by anodic alkoxylation of lactams of the formula ##STR2## with an alcohol of the formula R.sup.4 OH, in which formulae R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 have the aforesaid meaning, in the presence of at least one alkali metal or tetraalkylammonium tetrafluoroborate, hexafluoroborate or nitrate as conducting salt, at a temperature of up to about 100.degree. C in an electrolytic cell with stationary or flowing electrolyte. Some of the products are novel.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.4 represents an alkyl radical having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sup.5 represents a linear or branched alkylene radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the chain which may be substituted by groups which are not reactive under the applied conditions, and R.sup.6 represents hydrogen or a branched alkyl radical having from 3 to 10 carbon atoms with a secondary or tertiary N-.alpha.-C atom, are prepared by anodic alkoxylation of lactams of the formula ##STR2## with an alcohol of the formula R.sup.4 OH, in which formulae R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 have the aforesaid meaning, in the presence of at least one alkali metal or tetraalkylammonium tetrafluoroborate, hexafluoroborate or nitrate as conducting salt, at a temperature of up to about 100.degree. C. in an electrolytic cell with stationary or flowing electrolyte. Some of the products are novel.

Abstract: Trimeric piperideins and trimeric pyrrolidine are prepared by saponification of 1-acyl-2-alkoxypiperidines or pyrrolidines of the general formula ##STR1## in which n means 2 or 3 R.sub.1 represents hydrogen or a linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radical andR.sub.2 represents a linear or branched C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl radicalIn aqueous and/or alcoholic solution in known manner in the presence of a strong acid or base and trimerizing the reaction product at a pH equal to or greater than 8. The compounds are valuable intermediates for the manufacture of alkaloids and other pharmaceutically effective substances and N-heterocycles.

Abstract: Novel alkoxy derivatives of N-substituted cyclic amines of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an aryl group having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aralkoxy or aroxy group,R.sup.2 is a linear or branched alkylene group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the chain,X is OR.sup.3, where R.sup.3 represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,Y is hydrogen, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)--O-alkoxy, provided that in the case where R.sup.1 is an alkoxy group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Y is not H. Several of the alkoxylated compounds are excellent fungicides.

Abstract: N-.alpha.-alkoxyethyl carboxylic compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.5 means hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl group having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, especially hydrogen or a methyl group, andWherein R.sup.6 means an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, especially a methyl group,Are prepared by electrolysis of secondary N-ethylcarboxylic acid amides of the formula ##STR2## with alcohols of the formula R.sup.6 OH, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 having the aforesaid meaning, while employing tetraalkyl ammonium tetrafluoroborates, tetraalkyl ammonium hexafluorophosphates as well as alkali-tetrafluoroborates as conducting salts and a current quantity of at least 2.5 Faraday/mole of N-ethylcarboxylic acid amide.The N-.alpha.-alkylethyl compounds are valuable intermediate products for the preparation of N-vinyl carboxylic acid amides which may then be converted to water-soluble polymers having multiple properties for technical application.

Abstract: N-(.alpha.-alkoxyethyl)-carboxylic acid amides of the ##EQU1## where R.sup.1 is H or lower alkyl and R.sup.2 is lower alkyl, are prepared by anodic alkoxylation of a N-acyl-.alpha.-aminopropionic acid neutralized at a rate of from 3 to 50 mole % with an alcohol R.sup.2 OH. The compounds are valuable intermediate products for the preparation of N-vinylcarboxylic acid amides which may be converted to water-soluble polymers having multiple technological properties.