Abstract: A dental solution dispenser includes a body having a first end, a second end, and including a front housing at the first end, a twist back at the second end, and a grip that interposes the front housing and the twist back. An applicator tip is coupled to the body at the first end, and an ampoule assembly is positioned within the body and includes an ampoule sealed at one end with a frangible seal and defining a fluid chamber for storing a dental solution. A mandrel extends longitudinally within the body and provides a piercing member. The twist back is rotatable relative to the grip to pierce the frangible seal with the piercing member. A trigger is coupled to the body and pivotable between an engaged position, where the trigger engages the ampoule assembly, and a disengaged position, where the trigger disengages the ampoule assembly.

Abstract: A dental solution dispenser includes a body having a first end, a second end, and including a front housing at the first end, a twist back at the second end, and a grip that interposes the front housing and the twist back. An applicator tip is coupled to the body at the first end, and an ampoule assembly is positioned within the body and includes an ampoule sealed at one end with a frangible seal and defining a fluid chamber for storing a dental solution. A mandrel extends longitudinally within the body and provides a piercing member. The twist back is rotatable relative to the grip to pierce the frangible seal with the piercing member. A trigger is coupled to the body and pivotable between an engaged position, where the trigger engages the ampoule assembly, and a disengaged position, where the trigger disengages the ampoule assembly.

Abstract: A method for introducing biologically active molecules into animal or human cells using an electric current includes suspending the cells and dissolving the biologically active molecules in a buffer solution including HEPES and at least 10 mmol×1?1 magnesium ions (Mg2+), the buffer solution having a buffer capacity of at least 20 mmol×1?1 ×pH?1 at a change in the pH from pH 7 to pH 8 and at a temperature of 25° C., and an ionic strength of at least 200 mmol×1?1. An electric voltage is applied to the suspension.

Abstract: A buffer solution for suspending animal or human cells and for dissolving biologically active molecules in order to introduce the biologically active molecules into the cells using electric current. The buffer solution includes at least one of sodium succinate, mannitol and sodium lactobionate. The buffer solution has a buffer capacity of at least 20 mmol*l?1*pH?1 at a change in the from pH 7 to pH 8 and at a temperature of 25° C., and an ionic strength of at least 200 mmol * l?1.

Abstract: A method for introducing biologically active molecules into animal or human cells using electric current includes suspending the cells and dissolving the biologically active molecules in a buffer solution which has a buffer capacity of at least 20 mmol×l?1×pH?1 and an ionic strength of at least 200 mmol×l?1 at a change in the pH from pH 7 to pH 8 and at a temperature of 25° C. to form a suspension. The method further includes applying an electric voltage to the suspension so as to introduce the biologically active molecules into animal or human cells.

Abstract: A method for introducing biologically active molecules into animal or human cells using an electric current includes suspending the cells and dissolving the biologically active molecules in a buffer solution including HEPES and at least 10 mmol×1?1 magnesium ions (Mg2+), the buffer solution having a buffer capacity of at least 20 mmol×1?1×pH?1 at a change in the pH from pH 7 to pH 8 and at a temperature of 25° C., and an ionic strength of at least 200 mmol×1?1. An electric voltage is applied to the suspension.

Abstract: A buffer solution for suspending animal or human cells and for dissolving biologically active molecules in order to introduce the biologically active molecules into the cells using electric current. The buffer solution includes HEPES and at least 10 mmol*1?1 magnesium ions (Mg2+). The buffer solution has a buffer capacity of at least 20 mmol*1?1*pH?1 at a change in the pH from pH 7 to pH 8 and at a temperature of 25° C. The buffer solution also has an ionic strength of at least 200 mmol*1?1.

Abstract: A buffer solution for suspending animal or human cells and for dissolving biologically active molecules in order to introduce said biologically active molecules into the cells using electric current. The buffer solution includes at least one of sodium succinate, mannitol and sodium lactobionate. The buffer solution has a buffer capacity of at least 20 mmol*l?1*pH?1 at a change in the pH from pH 7 to pH 8 and at a temperature of 25° C., and an ionic strength of at least 200 mmol*l?1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a buffer solution for suspending animal or human cells and for dissolving biologically active molecules in order to introduce biologically active molecules into cells using an electric current. The inventive buffer solution has a buffering capacity of at least 20 mmol?1×pH?1 and an ionic strength of at least 200 mmol×1?1 during a change to the pH value from pH 7 to pH 8 and at a temperature of 25° C. The use of a buffer solution of this type allows biologically active molecules to be introduced into animal and human cells with a high degree of transfection efficiency and at the same time a low cell mortality. Different cell types, in particular dormant and actively dividing cells of low activity, can be successfully transfected in the buffer solution.

Abstract: The invention relates to a buffer solution for suspending animal or human cells and for dissolving biologically active molecules in order to introduce said biologically active molecules into the cells using an electric current and to a method for introducing biologically active molecules into animal or human cells using an electric current and a buffer solution. The inventive buffer solution has a buffering capacity of at least 20 mmol*I?1*pH?1 and an ionic strength of at least 200 mmol* I?1 during a change to the pH value from pH 7 to pH 8 and at a temperature of 25 ° C. The use of a buffer solution of this type in the corresponding method allows biologically active molecules to be introduced into animal and human cells with a high degree of transfection efficiency and at the same time a low cell mortality. Different cell types, in particular dormant and actively dividing cells of low activity, can be successfully transfected in said buffer solution.

Abstract: The invention relates to a buffer solution for suspending animal or human cells and for dissolving biologically active molecules in order to introduce said biologically active molecules into the cells using an electric current and to a method for introducing biologically active molecules into animal or human cells using an electric current and a buffer solution. The inventive buffer solution has a buffering capacity of at least 20 mmol*I?1*pH?1 and an ionic strength of at least 200 mmol*I?1 during a change to the pH value from pH 7 to pH 8 and at a temperature of 25° C. The use of a buffer solution of this type in the corresponding method allows biologically active molecules to be introduced into animal and human cells with a high degree of transfection efficiency and at the same time a low cell mortality. Different cell types, in particular dormant and actively dividing cells of low activity, can be successfully transfected in said buffer solution.

Abstract: A read-only memory for storing a plurality of bits of information. The read-only memory includes a plurality of memory cells arranged in an array with each memory cell including a capacitor having either a relatively high capacitance or a relatively low capacitance representing a bit of stored information. The read-only memory further includes a reading means for accessing each memory cell and providing a first or second output responsive to the capacitance level of the memory cell capacitance means.