Abstract: A dyeing and welding process may be configured to convert a substrate into a welded substrate having at least some color imparted thereto via a dye and/or coloring agent by applying a process solvent having a dye and/or coloring agent therein to the substrate, wherein the process solvent interrupts one or more intermolecular force between one or more component in the substrate. The substrate may be configured as a natural fiber, such as cellulose, hemicelluloses, and silk. The process solvent may include a binder, such as dissolved biopolymer (e.g., cellulose). After application of a process solvent comprised of a dye and/or coloring agent, the substrate may be exposed to a second application of a process solvent comprised of a binder, which second application may occur before or after a process temperature/pressure zone, process solvent recovery zone, and/or drying zone.

Abstract: A voltage regulator for producing an output voltage that selectively tracks a logic voltage or a reference voltage and method of operating the voltage regulator. The voltage regulator has a diode OR with a logic and reference transistors. The logic voltage is scaled to be close in value to the reference voltage, if the two are not close in value. When the scaled logic voltage is larger than the reference voltage the logic transistor is on, turning off the reference transistor and passing the logic voltage to the output of the diode OR. When the scaled logic voltage is smaller than the reference voltage the logic transistor is off and the reference transistor is on, passing the reference voltage to the output of the diode OR. The voltage at the output of the diode OR is then compared in a comparator with the voltage at the output of the voltage regulator, which is scaled by the same factor as the logic voltage.