Abstract: An apparatus including a buck circuitry and logic circuitry. The buck circuitry charges a flying capacitor with a voltage in response to a device state being in a charging state and discharges the voltage from the flying capacitor in response to the device state being in a discharging state. The logic circuitry causes the buck circuitry to transition the device state in response to detecting voltage balance during a reference time period and causes the buck circuitry to repeat the device state occurring at the reference time period in response to detecting voltage imbalance during the reference time period.

Abstract: A display system for command and control system for a vessel, the system including a visual display unit (VDU), and means for providing to the VDU signals for providing a display having coordinates of vessel heading and time, with areas of the display indicating certain heading constraints which areas should be avoided by the commander when selecting his course.