Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a spectrometer arrangement for analyzing optical radiation from a light source comprising an echelle grating for dispersion of the radiation entering the spectrometer arrangement in a main dispersion direction, a dispersion element for dispersing the radiation in a cross-dispersion direction, the main dispersion direction and the cross-dispersion direction having a predeterminable angle to each other, and a detector unit for acquiring a first spectrum of a first part of the radiation comprising a first predeterminable wavelength range. According to the present disclosure, the spectrometer arrangement comprises a first optical element, which is arranged or configured in such a way that a second spectrum of a second part of the radiation comprising a second predeterminable wavelength range differing from the first can be acquired by means of the detector unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a spectrometer arrangement for analyzing optical radiation from a light source comprising an echelle grating for dispersion of the radiation entering the spectrometer arrangement in a main dispersion direction, a dispersion element for dispersing the radiation in a cross-dispersion direction, the main dispersion direction and the cross-dispersion direction having a predeterminable angle to each other, and a detector unit for acquiring a first spectrum of a first part of the radiation comprising a first predeterminable wavelength range. According to the present disclosure, the spectrometer arrangement comprises a first optical element, which is arranged or configured in such a way that a second spectrum of a second part of the radiation comprising a second predeterminable wavelength range differing from the first can be acquired by means of the detector unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure resides in a spectrometer arrangement including a first dispersing element for spectral separation of radiation in a main dispersion direction, and a second dispersing element for spectral separation of radiation in a cross-dispersion direction, which is at an angle to the main dispersion direction, so that a two-dimensional spectrum is producible. The spectrometer arrangement also includes a collimating optics, which directs collimated radiation to the first and/or second dispersing element, a camera optics, which images a two-dimensional spectrum in an image plane, a two-dimensional detector for detecting the two-dimensional spectrum in the image plane, and an off-axis section of a rotationally symmetric, refractive element, which is arranged between the camera optics and the detector. The present disclosure resides likewise in an optical module comprising such a spectrometer arrangement.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a spectrometer arrangement including an entrance-slit group including a slit wheel and a slit mask for introducing radiation into and for limiting the optical field of the spectrometer arrangement, a first dispersive element for spectrally decomposing the radiation in a main dispersion direction, and a second dispersive element for spectrally decomposing the radiation in a transverse dispersion direction that forms an angle with the main dispersion direction to yield a two-dimensional spectrum. The slit wheel is mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation and has a falcate opening having a width that changes depending on the angle. The slit mask includes an opening that is longer than a largest width of the falcate opening such that radiation radiates through the falcate opening of the slit wheel and the opening of the slit mask. The present disclosure further includes a corresponding method and an optical component group.

Abstract: The present disclosure resides in a spectrometer arrangement including a first dispersing element for spectral separation of radiation in a main dispersion direction, and a second dispersing element for spectral separation of radiation in a cross-dispersion direction, which is at an angle to the main dispersion direction, so that a two-dimensional spectrum is producible. The spectrometer arrangement also includes a collimating optics, which directs collimated radiation to the first and/or second dispersing element, a camera optics, which images a two-dimensional spectrum in an image plane, a two-dimensional detector for detecting the two-dimensional spectrum in the image plane, and an off-axis section of a rotationally symmetric, refractive element, which is arranged between the camera optics and the detector. The present disclosure resides likewise in an optical module comprising such a spectrometer arrangement.

Abstract: A spectrometer arrangement with two-dimensional spectrum, comprising a first dispersing element for spectral separation of radiation in a main dispersion direction, an imaging optics for imaging the radiation entering into the spectrometer arrangement through an entrance slit in an image plane for producing a two-dimensional spectrum, and a detector array with a two-dimensional arrangement of a plurality of detector elements in the image plane, wherein a reflector, a refractor, and/or a lens array are arranged in the beam path at a location where the dispersed, monochromatic beams are separated from one another, and the reflector, the refractor, and/or the lens array have a surface in the form of a freeform surface, such that area occupied by selected images of the entrance slit in the case of different wavelengths in the image plane is optimized over a selected spectral region of the two-dimensional spectrum.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a spectrometer arrangement including an entrance-slit group including a slit wheel and a slit mask for introducing radiation into and for limiting the optical field of the spectrometer arrangement, a first dispersive element for spectrally decomposing the radiation in a main dispersion direction, and a second dispersive element for spectrally decomposing the radiation in a transverse dispersion direction that forms an angle with the main dispersion direction to yield a two-dimensional spectrum. The slit wheel is mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation and has a falcate opening having a width that changes depending on the angle. The slit mask includes an opening that is longer than a largest width of the falcate opening such that radiation radiates through the falcate opening of the slit wheel and the opening of the slit mask. The present disclosure further includes a corresponding method and an optical component group.

Abstract: A spectrometer arrangement with two-dimensional spectrum, comprising a first dispersing element for spectral separation of radiation in a main dispersion direction, an imaging optics for imaging the radiation entering into the spectrometer arrangement through an entrance slit in an image plane for producing a two-dimensional spectrum, and a detector array with a two-dimensional arrangement of a plurality of detector elements in the image plane, wherein a reflector, a refractor, and/or a lens array are arranged in the beam path at a location where the dispersed, monochromatic beams are separated from one another, and the reflector, the refractor, and/or the lens array have a surface in the form of a freeform surface, such that area occupied by selected images of the entrance slit in the case of different wavelengths in the image plane is optimized over a selected spectral region of the two-dimensional spectrum.

Abstract: A spectrometer assembly (10), comprising an Echelle grating (18; 46) for dispersing radiation entering the spectrometer assembly (10) in a main dispersion direction, and a dispersion assembly (16; 40) for dispersing a parallel radiation bundle generated from the radiation entering the spectrometer assembly in a lateral dispersion direction, is characterized in that the dispersion assembly (16; 40) is reflective, and the dispersion assembly (16; 40) is arranged relative to the Echelle grating (18; 46) in such a way that the parallel radiation bundle is reflected in the direction of the Echelle grating. The Echelle grating (18; 46) may be arranged in such a way that the dispersed radiation is reflected back to the dispersion assembly (16; 40).

Abstract: An Echelle spectrometer arrangement (10) with internal order separation contains an Echelle grating (34) and a dispersing element (38) for order separation so that a two-dimensional spectrum having a plurality of separate orders (56) can be generated, an imagine optical system (18, 22, 28, 46), a flat-panel detector (16), and predispersion means (20) for predispersing the radiation into the direction of traverse dispersion of the dispersion element (38). The arrangement is characterized in that the predispersion means (20) comprise a predispersion element which is arranged along the optical path behind the inlet spacing (12) inside the spectrometer arrangement. The imaging optical system is designed in such a manner that the predispersed radiation can be imaged onto an additional image plane (24) which does not have any boundaries in the predispersion direction and which is arranged along the optical path between the predispersion element (20) and the echelle grating (34).

Abstract: A spectrometer assembly (10), comprising an Echelle grating (18; 46) for dispersing radiation entering the spectrometer assembly (10) in a main dispersion direction, and a dispersion assembly (16; 40) for dispersing a parallel radiation bundle generated from the radiation entering the spectrometer assembly in a lateral dispersion direction, is characterized in that the dispersion assembly (16; 40) is reflective, and the dispersion assembly (16; 40) is arranged relative to the Echelle grating (18; 46) in such a way that the parallel radiation bundle is reflected in the direction of the Echelle grating. The Echelle grating (18; 46) may be arranged in such a way that the dispersed radiation is reflected back to the dispersion assembly (16; 40).

Abstract: The invention relates to a spectrometer arrangement (10) having a spectrometer for producing a spectrum of radiation from a radiation source on a detector (34), comprising an optical imaging Littrow arrangement (18, 20) for imaging the radiation entering the spectrometer arrangement (16) in an image plane, a first dispersion arrangement (28, 30) for the spectral decomposition of a first wavelength range of the radiation entering the spectrometer arrangement, a second dispersion arrangement (58, 60) for the spectral decomposition of a second wavelength range of the radiation entering the spectrometer arrangement, and a common detector (34) arranged in the image plane of the imagine optics, characterized in that the imaging optical arrangement (18, 20) comprises an element (20) that can be moved between two positions (20, 50), wherein the radiation entering the spectrometer arrangement in the first position is guided via the first dispersion arrangement and in the second position via the second dispersion arran

Abstract: An Echelle spectrometer arrangement (10) with internal order separation contains an Echelle grating (34) and a dispersing element (38) for order separation so that a two-dimensional spectrum having a plurality of separate orders (56) can be generated, an imagine optical system (18, 22, 28, 46), a flat-panel detector (16), and predispersion means (20) for predispersing the radiation into the direction of traverse dispersion of the dispersion element (38). The arrangement is characterized in that the predispersion means (20) comprise a predispersion element which is arranged along the optical path behind the inlet spacing (12) inside the spectrometer arrangement. The imaging optical system is designed in such a manner that the predispersed radiation can be imaged onto an additional image plane (24) which does not have any boundaries in the predispersion direction and which is arranged along the optical path between the predispersion element (20) and the echelle grating (34).

Abstract: A method to determine and correct broadband background in complex spectra in a simple and automatized manner includes carrying out a background correction with respect to broadband background before a calibration step. The background correction may involve recording a spectral graph and smoothing the recorded spectral graph, determining all values in the initially recorded graph having a value higher than the value of the smoothed graph and reducing such values to the value of the smoothed graph, and repeating these two steps. The background graph obtained is then subtracted from the initial graph. The smoothing of the graph is carried out by moving average, where each intensity value I at the position x in the spectrum is replaced by an average value. The characteristics of the found peaks can be stored in a file so that the calibration can be used at any time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spectrometer arrangement (10) comprising a spectrometer (14) for producing a spectrum of a first wavelength range of radiation from a radiation source on a detector (42). Said arrangement also comprises: an Echelle grating (36) for the spectral decomposition of the radiation penetrating the spectrometer arrangement (10) in a main dispersion direction (46); a dispersing element (34) for separating the degrees by means of spectral decomposition of the radiation in a transversal dispersion direction (48) which forms an angle with the main dispersion direction of the Echelle grating (36), in such a way that a two-dimensional spectrum (50) can be produced with a plurality of separated degrees (52); an imaging optical element (24, 38) for imaging the radiation penetrating through an inlet gap (20) into the spectrometer arrangement (10), in an image plane (40); and a surface detector (42) comprising a two dimensional arrangement of a plurality of detector elements in the image plane (40).

Abstract: The invention relates to a spectrometer arrangement (10) having a spectrometer for producing a spectrum of radiation from a radiation source on a detector (34), comprising an optical imaging Littrow arrangement (18, 20) for imaging the radiation entering the spectrometer arrangement (16) in an image plane, a first dispersion arrangement (28, 30) for the spectral decomposition of a first wavelength range of the radiation entering the spectrometer arrangement, a second dispersion arrangement (58, 60) for the spectral decomposition of a second wavelength range of the radiation entering the spectrometer arrangement, and a common detector (34) arranged in the image plane of the imagine optics, characterized in that the imaging optical arrangement (18, 20) comprises an element (20) that can be moved between two positions (20, 50), wherein the radiation entering the spectrometer arrangement in the first position is guided via the first dispersion arrangement and in the second position via the second dispersion arran

Abstract: A method to determine and correct broadband background in complex spectra in a simple and automatized manner includes carrying out a background correction with respect to broadband background before a calibration step. The background correction may involve recording a spectral graph and smoothing the recorded spectral graph, determining all values in the initially recorded graph having a value higher than the value of the smoothed graph and reducing such values to the value of the smoothed graph, and repeating these two steps. The background graph obtained is then subtracted from the initial graph. The smoothing of the graph is carried out by moving average, where each intensity value I at the position x in the spectrum is replaced by an average value. The characteristics of the found peaks can be stored in a file so that the calibration can be used at any time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spectrometer arrangement (10) comprising a spectrometer (14) for producing a spectrum of a first wavelength range of radiation from a radiation source on a detector (42). Said arrangement also comprises: an Echelle grating (36) for the spectral decomposition of the radiation penetrating the spectrometer arrangement (10) in a main dispersion direction (46); a dispersing element (34) for separating the degrees by means of spectral decomposition of the radiation in a transversal dispersion direction (48) which forms an angle with the main dispersion direction of the Echelle grating (36), in such a way that a two-dimensional spectrum (50) can be produced with a plurality of separated degrees (52); an imaging optical element (24, 38) for imaging the radiation penetrating through an inlet gap (20) into the spectrometer arrangement (10), in an image plane (40); and a surface detector (42) comprising a two dimensional arrangement of a plurality of detector elements in the image plane (40).

Abstract: A method for the wavelength calibration of echelle spectra, in which the wavelengths are distributed across number of orders is characterised by the steps: recording of a line-rich reference spectrum with known wavelengths for a number of the lines, determination of the position of a number of peaks of the reference spectrum in the recorded spectrum, selection of at least two first lines of known order, position and wavelength, determination of a wavelength scale for the order in which the known lines lie, by means of a fit function ?m(x), determination of a provisional wavelength scale ??m 1(x) for at least one neighboring order m 1, by means of addition/subtraction of a wavelength difference ?FSR which corresponds to a free spectral region, according to ?m 1 ?(x)=?m(x)?FSR with ?FSR=?m(x)/m, determination of the wavelengths of lines in said neighboring order m 1, by means of the provisional wavelength scale ? 1(x), replacement of the provisional wavelength of at least two lines by the reference wavelength f

Abstract: A method for the wavelength calibration of echelle spectra, in which the wavelengths are distributed across number of orders is characterised by the steps: recording of a line-rich reference spectrum with known wavelengths for a number of the lines, determination of the position of a number of peaks of the reference spectrum in the recorded spectrum, selection of at least two first lines of known order, position and wavelength, determination of a wavelength scale for the order in which the known lines lie, by means of a fit function &ggr;m(x), determination of a provisional wavelength scale &ggr;?m 1(x) for at least one neighbouring order m 1, by means of addition/subtraction of a wavelength difference &ggr;FSR which corresponds to a free spectral region, according to &ggr;m 1 ?(x)=0&ggr;m(x)&ggr;FSR with &ggr;FSR=&ggr;m(x)/m, determination of the wavelengths of lines in said neighbouring order m 1, by means of the provisional wavelength scale &ggr; 1(x), replacement of the provision