Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of inhibiting synthesis of viral DNA in a mammal infected with a hepatitis B virus. This method includes administering at least one Phyllanthus component or substance to a mammal infected with the hepatitis B virus. It also includes inhibiting hepatitis B viral DNA synthesis in the mammal using the Phyllanthus component or substance. The disclosure also relates to a method of inhibiting viral gene expression in a mammal infected with a hepatitis B virus. This method includes administering at least one Phyllanthus component or substance to a mammal infected with the hepatitis B virus. It also includes inhibiting expression of at least one hepatitis B viral gene in the mammal using the Phyllanthus component or substance. These methods may form part of a method of preventing or treating hepatitis B infection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for predicting the efficacy, safety and toxicity of substances, e.g. of drugs and prodrugs. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for the stratification of mammalians for the treatment of a disease. Moreover, the present invention provides for kits and its use for determining the efficacy, safety and toxicity of substances, in particular of drugs and prodrugs. The present invention allows for the selection of therapeutic regimens utilizing host genetic information, including gene sequence variances. The methods for identification of the specific DNA sequence variations according to the present invention include both in vitro and in vivo approaches.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of one or more Phyllanthus component(s) or substances or mixtures of substances obtained therefrom for the prevention or treatment of infectious diseases caused by a hepatitis B virus which is resistant to nucleoside analogues or in the development or progression of which a hepatitis B virus resistant to nucleoside analogues plays a role. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of one or more Phyllanthus component(s) or substances or mixture of substances obtained therefrom for the production of a pharmaceutical composition for the prevention or treatment of infectious diseases caused by a hepatitis B virus which is resistant to nucleoside analogues or in the development or progression of which a hepatitis B virus resistant to nucleoside analogues plays a role.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of Phyllanthus for preventing or treating connective tissue proliferations, for maintaining the level of reduced glutathione, for inhibiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and for inhibiting expression of the cyclooxygenase (COX-2) protein.