Abstract: Novel salicylamine derivatives are targeted directly to the mitochondria to increase effectiveness and lower required dosages in the treatment of conditions caused by inflammation or oxidative stress.

Abstract: Single unit devices for viscosity and light scattering, and methods for the same are disclosed. The single unit device may include an inlet line, first and second fluid flow lines in fluid communication with the inlet line, a light scattering detector (LSD), a pressure transducer line, a pressure transducer disposed fluidly coupled with the pressure transducer line, and an exit stream. The first fluid flow line may include first and second capillaries and a first tee connector interposed between the first and second capillaries. The second fluid flow line may include first and second capillaries and a second tee connector interposed between the first and second capillaries. The LSD may be disposed downstream the second tee connector and upstream the second capillary of the second fluid flow line. The exit stream may be in fluid communication with the respective second capillaries of the first and second fluid flow lines.

Abstract: Novel salicylamine derivatives are targeted directly to the mitochondria to increase effectiveness and lower required dosages in the treatment of conditions caused by inflammation or oxidative stress.

Abstract: Sample cells, light scattering detectors utilizing the sample cells, and methods for using the same are provided. The sample cell may include a body defining a flowpath extending axially therethrough. The flowpath may include a cylindrical inner section interposed between a first outer section and a second outer section. The first outer section may be frustoconical. A first end portion of the first outer section may be in direct fluid communication with the inner section and may have a cross-sectional area relatively smaller than a cross-sectional area at a second end portion thereof. The body may further define an inlet in direct fluid communication with the inner section. The inlet may be configured to direct a sample to the inner section of the flowpath.

Abstract: Methods for determining a radius of gyration of a particle in solution using a light scattering detector are provided. The method may include passing the solution through a flowpath in a sample cell, determining respective angular normalization factors for first and second angles of the detector, obtaining a first scattering intensity of the particle in solution at the first angle, obtaining a second scattering intensity of the particle in solution at the second angle, obtaining a 10° scattering intensity of the particle in solution at an angle of about 10°, determining a first particle scattering factor, determining a second particle scattering factor, plotting an angular dissymmetry plot, fitting a line to the angular dissymmetry plot, determining a slope of the line at a selected location on the line, determining the radius of gyration of the particle in solution from the slope of the line, and outputting the radius of gyration.

Abstract: A system and method for preoperative surgical planning includes an electronic device with an interface for a user to input preoperative data, which may include an image (for example, a body part) and/or patient information (for example, medical information) and a server receiving and storing the preoperative data in a data storage. An application includes an implementation of an artificial intelligence model (for example, a neural network), which is executed using the preoperative data as input to generate a preoperative plan for a surgical procedure. The preoperative plan can include a list of medical instruments for use during the surgical procedure and/or a list of surgical steps to perform the surgical procedure Information about the surgical procedure (operative data) is captured during and/or after the surgical procedure. The operative data is stored in the data storage.

Abstract: Methods for determining a radius of gyration of a particle in solution using a light scattering detector are provided. The method may include passing the solution through a flowpath in a sample cell, determining respective angular normalization factors for first and second angles of the detector, obtaining a first scattering intensity of the particle in solution at the first angle, obtaining a second scattering intensity of the particle in solution at the second angle, obtaining a 10° scattering intensity of the particle in solution at an angle of about 10°, determining a first particle scattering factor, determining a second particle scattering factor, plotting an angular dissymmetry plot, fitting a line to the angular dissymmetry plot, determining a slope of the line at a selected location on the line, determining the radius of gyration of the particle in solution from the slope of the line, and outputting the radius of gyration.

Abstract: Methods for determining a radius of gyration of a particle in solution using a light scattering detector are provided. The method may include passing the solution through a flowpath in a sample cell, determining respective angular normalization factors for first and second angles of the detector, obtaining a first scattering intensity of the particle in solution at the first angle, obtaining a second scattering intensity of the particle in solution at the second angle, obtaining a 10° scattering intensity of the particle in solution at an angle of about 10°, determining a first particle scattering factor, determining a second particle scattering factor, plotting an angular dissymmetry plot, fitting a line to the angular dissymmetry plot, determining a slope of the line at a selected location on the line, determining the radius of gyration of the particle in solution from the slope of the line, and outputting the radius of gyration.

Abstract: Novel salicylamine derivatives are targeted directly to the mitochondria to increase effectiveness and lower required dosages in the treatment of conditions caused by inflammation or oxidative stress.

Abstract: Sample cells, light scattering detectors utilizing the sample cells, and methods for using the same are provided. The sample cell may include a body defining a flowpath extending axially therethrough. The flowpath may include a cylindrical inner section interposed between a first outer section and a second outer section. The first outer section may be frustoconical. A first end portion of the first outer section may be in direct fluid communication with the inner section and may have a cross-sectional area relatively smaller than a cross-sectional area at a second end portion thereof. The body may further define an inlet in direct fluid communication with the inner section. The inlet may be configured to direct a sample to the inner section of the flowpath.

Abstract: Sample cells, light scattering detectors utilizing the sample cells, and methods for using the same are provided. The sample cell may include a body defining a flowpath extending axially therethrough. The flowpath may include a cylindrical inner section interposed between a first outer section and a second outer section. The first outer section may be frustoconical. A first end portion of the first outer section may be in direct fluid communication with the inner section and may have a cross-sectional area relatively smaller than a cross-sectional area at a second end portion thereof. The body may further define an inlet in direct fluid communication with the inner section. The inlet may be configured to direct a sample to the inner section of the flowpath.

Abstract: Methods for determining a radius of gyration of a particle in solution using a light scattering detector are provided. The method may include passing the solution through a flowpath in a sample cell, determining respective angular normalization factors for first and second angles of the detector, obtaining a first scattering intensity of the particle in solution at the first angle, obtaining a second scattering intensity of the particle in solution at the second angle, obtaining a 10° scattering intensity of the particle in solution at an angle of about 10°, determining a first particle scattering factor, determining a second particle scattering factor, plotting an angular dissymmetry plot, fitting a line to the angular dissymmetry plot, determining a slope of the line at a selected location on the line, determining the radius of gyration of the particle in solution from the slope of the line, and outputting the radius of gyration.

Abstract: Methods for determining a radius of gyration of a particle in solution using a light scattering detector are provided. The method may include passing the solution through a flowpath in a sample cell, determining respective angular normalization factors for first and second angles of the detector, obtaining a first scattering intensity of the particle in solution at the first angle, obtaining a second scattering intensity of the particle in solution at the second angle, obtaining a 10° scattering intensity of the particle in solution at an angle of about 10°, determining a first particle scattering factor, determining a second particle scattering factor, plotting an angular dissymmetry plot, fitting a line to the angular dissymmetry plot, determining a slope of the line at a selected location on the line, determining the radius of gyration of the particle in solution from the slope of the line, and outputting the radius of gyration.

Abstract: Methods for determining a radius of gyration of a particle in solution using a light scattering detector are provided. The method may include passing the solution through a flowpath in a sample cell, determining respective angular normalization factors for first and second angles of the detector, obtaining a first scattering intensity of the particle in solution at the first angle, obtaining a second scattering intensity of the particle in solution at the second angle, obtaining a 10° scattering intensity of the particle in solution at an angle of about 10°, determining a first particle scattering factor, determining a second particle scattering factor, plotting an angular dissymmetry plot, fitting a line to the angular dissymmetry plot, determining a slope of the line at a selected location on the line, determining the radius of gyration of the particle in solution from the slope of the line, and outputting the radius of gyration.

Abstract: Sample cells, light scattering detectors utilizing the sample cells, and methods for using the same are provided. The sample cell may include a body defining a flowpath extending axially therethrough. The flowpath may include a cylindrical inner section interposed between a first outer section and a second outer section. The first outer section may be frustoconical. A first end portion of the first outer section may be in direct fluid communication with the inner section and may have a cross-sectional area relatively smaller than a cross-sectional area at a second end portion thereof. The body may further define an inlet in direct fluid communication with the inner section. The inlet may be configured to direct a sample to the inner section of the flowpath.

Abstract: Viscometers and Viscometry methods are disclosed. In one general aspect a capillary bridge viscometer comprises an input port an output port a first capillary tubing arm in a first hydraulic path between the input port and a first differential detection point, a second capillary tubing arm in a second hydraulic path between the first differential detection point and the output port, a third capillary tubing arm in a third hydraulic path between the input port and a second differential detection point, a fourth capillary tubing arm in a fourth hydraulic path between the second differential detection point and the output port, an adjustable mechanical flow restrictor in one of the first, second, third, and fourth hydraulic paths, wherein the adjustable mechanical flow restrictor is operative to mechanically adjust a resistance to flow of a fluid while the fluid flows through the adjustable mechanical flow restrictor.

Abstract: Viscometers and Viscometry methods are disclosed. In one general aspect a capillary bridge viscometer comprises an input port an output port a first capillary tubing arm in a first hydraulic path between the input port and a first differential detection point, a second capillary tubing arm in a second hydraulic path between the first differential detection point and the output port, a third capillary tubing arm in a third hydraulic path between the input port and a second differential detection point, a fourth capillary tubing arm in a fourth hydraulic path between the second differential detection point and the output port, an adjustable mechanical flow restrictor in one of the first, second, third, and fourth hydraulic paths, wherein the adjustable mechanical flow restrictor is operative to mechanically adjust a resistance to flow of a fluid while the fluid flows through the adjustable mechanical flow restrictor.

Abstract: A capillary bridge viscometer, comprises an input port (flow in) an output port (flow out) a first capillary tubing arm (R1) in a first hydraulic path between the input port and a first differential detection point (DP+), a second capillary tubing arm (R3) in a second hydraulic path between the first differential detection point (DP+) and the output port (flow out), a third capillary tubing arm (R2) in a third hydraulic path between the input port (flow in) and a second differential detection point (DP?), a fourth capillary tubing arm (R4) in a fourth hydraulic path between the second differential detection point (DP?) and the output port (flow out), an adjustable mechanical flow restrictor (20) in one of the first, second, third, and fourth hydraulic paths, wherein the adjustable mechanical flow restrictor (20) is operative to mechanically adjust a resistance to flow of a fluid while the fluid flows through the adjustable mechanical flow restrictor.

Abstract: An ER fluid valve includes a housing and a plurality of parallel flow passages through the housing each defined by spaced electrodes at least one of which is controllable independently of other flow passages electrodes. A controller is configured to selectively establish electrical fields for all of the independently controllable electrodes to close all of the flow passages to ER fluid flowing through the housing. By removing the fields from all of the independently controllable electrodes, all the flow passages are open to the ER fluid flowing through the housing. By establishing fields for select independently controllable electrodes to close their associated flow passages and by leaving other flow passages open, restricted flow of the ER fluid through the housing is accomplished to vary the flow rate through the housing.

Abstract: A capillary bridge viscometer (120), comprises at least two at least generally balanced bridge arm conduits (R1, R2) a bulkhead supporting structure (122,134) supporting removable connection portions for each of a plurality of the arms in a bridge configuration, a bridge supporting structure (124,136) supporting the bridge arm conduits (R1,R2) and supporting two further removable connection portions (132) for each of the bridge arm conduits, wherein each of the further removable connection portions (132) supported by the bridge supporting structure are positioned to mate with a corresponding one of the removable connection portions (130) supported by the bulkhead supporting structure concurrently to hydraulically connect the bridge arm conduits in the bridge configuration; and a balance detector having hydraulic connections for connection between first and second differential detection points in the bridge when the removable connection portions on the bridge are mated to corresponding ones of the removable co