Abstract: A housing of an ultrasonic sensor includes a plurality of layers of a housing material integrally connected together to form the housing. A first section of the housing has a first plurality of layers of the housing material each with a first thickness. A second section of the housing has a second plurality of layers of the housing material each with a second thickness. The second thickness is greater than the first thickness and an ultrasonic wave transmitted through the housing has a greater transmission efficiency in the first section than in the second section.

Abstract: A transducer assembly includes a transducer emitting or receiving an ultrasonic wave and a backing adjacent to the transducer. The backing is an absorbing element that provides acoustic damping for the transducer. The backing is formed of a base material with a bio-based additive dispersed within the base material.

Abstract: A sensor assembly includes a sensor generating a sensor signal, an output unit and a condition unit receiving the sensor signal output from the sensor, and a test line connected to the sensor and the condition unit. The output unit outputs a signal output representative of a state detected by the sensor. The condition unit outputs a condition output representative of a condition of the sensor. The test line is bidirectional and outputs the condition output.

Abstract: A housing of an ultrasonic sensor includes a plurality of layers of a housing material integrally connected together to form the housing. A first section of the housing has a first plurality of layers of the housing material each with a first thickness. A second section of the housing has a second plurality of layers of the housing material each with a second thickness. The second thickness is greater than the first thickness and an ultrasonic wave transmitted through the housing has a greater transmission efficiency in the first section than in the second section.

Abstract: A bubble measurement system includes a bubble detector including a vessel having a flow path configured to receive a flow of fluid includes air bubbles from a bubble generator. The bubble measurement system includes an imaging system having an imaging device for imaging the fluid and air bubbles in the flow path of the vessel of the bubble detector. The imaging system has an imaging controller coupled to the imaging device and receiving images from the imaging device. The imaging controller processes the images to measure bubble size of each air bubble passing through the bubble detector.

Abstract: A bubble detection sensor includes an emitter having an emitting surface and a receiver positioned on a side of a fluid conduit opposite the emitter. The receiver has a receiving surface adapted to receive a signal emitted by the emitter through a fluid of the fluid conduit. A sensor axis extending normal to the emitting surface and the receiving surface is disposed at a rotation offset angle with respect to a plane extending normal to a longitudinal conduit axis of the fluid conduit. The rotation offset angle is set to optimize a ratio of a sensitivity of the signal received by the receiver to an efficiency of the signal received by the receiver.

Abstract: A sensor assembly includes a sensor generating a sensor signal, an output unit and a condition unit receiving the sensor signal output from the sensor, and a test line connected to the sensor and the condition unit. The output unit outputs a signal output representative of a state detected by the sensor. The condition unit outputs a condition output representative of a condition of the sensor. The test line is bidirectional and outputs the condition output.

Abstract: Weigh-in-motion sensors comprise a beam including a plate with a load-bearing surface, and a tube portion including a base wall and a cover and defining a cavity therebetween. A sensing package is disposed within the cavity and is under pre-load with the cover and the base wall. The sensing package comprises a piezoelectric element. The base wall includes an aperture extending from a mounting surface to the cavity. The aperture includes a fastener therein to secure the sensing package within the cavity. The fastener is sized having a cross-section dimension taken through a center axis of the fastener that is greater than that of a cross-section dimension of the piezoelectric element taken along the fastener center axis. In an example, the fastener has a cross-section dimension sized about 10 percent or greater in dimension than that of the respective cross-section dimension of the piezoelectric element.

Abstract: A sensor includes a substrate having a curved surface, a piezoelectric element, and an adhesive disposed between the piezoelectric element and the curved surface along a vertical direction. The adhesive attaches the piezoelectric element to the substrate. The adhesive has an exterior bond surface that has a tapered shape along the vertical direction from the piezoelectric element to the curved surface.

Abstract: A bubble measurement system includes a bubble detector including a vessel having a flow path configured to receive a flow of fluid includes air bubbles from a bubble generator. The bubble measurement system includes an imaging system having an imaging device for imaging the fluid and air bubbles in the flow path of the vessel of the bubble detector. The imaging system has an imaging controller coupled to the imaging device and receiving images from the imaging device. The imaging controller processes the images to measure bubble size of each air bubble passing through the bubble detector.

Abstract: A bubble detection sensor includes an emitter having an emitting surface and a receiver positioned on a side of a fluid conduit opposite the emitter. The receiver has a receiving surface adapted to receive a signal emitted by the emitter through a fluid of the fluid conduit. A sensor axis extending normal to the emitting surface and the receiving surface is disposed at a rotation offset angle with respect to a plane extending normal to a longitudinal conduit axis of the fluid conduit. The rotation offset angle is set to optimize a ratio of a sensitivity of the signal received by the receiver to an efficiency of the signal received by the receiver.

Abstract: A fluid quality sensor for measuring a quality of a fluid comprises a measurement section mounted to an output side of a pump for the fluid.

Abstract: Weigh-in-motion sensors comprise a beam including a plate with a load-bearing surface, and a tube portion including a base wall and a cover and defining a cavity therebetween. A sensing package is disposed within the cavity and is under pre-load with the cover and the base wall. The sensing package comprises a piezoelectric element. The base wall includes an aperture extending from a mounting surface to the cavity. The aperture includes a fastener therein to secure the sensing package within the cavity. The fastener is sized having a cross-section dimension taken through a center axis of the fastener that is greater than that of a cross-section dimension of the piezoelectric element taken along the fastener center axis. In an example, the fastener has a cross-section dimension sized about 10 percent or greater in dimension than that of the respective cross-section dimension of the piezoelectric element.

Abstract: A load transfer mechanism includes an elongated beam and a sensing package. The beam includes a plate with a load-bearing surface, a tube portion, and a neck. The tube portion includes a base wall and a cover and defines a cavity between the base wall and the cover. The base wall laterally extends from a first edge to a second edge that is opposite the first edge. The cover is joined to the base wall at or proximate to the first and second edges. The neck extends between and joins the plate to the cover of the tube portion. The sensing package is disposed within the cavity of the beam and is under pre-load in engagement with the cover and the base wall. The sensing package is configured to measure forces exerted on the load-bearing surface of the plate.

Abstract: A load transfer mechanism includes an elongated beam and a sensing package. The beam includes a plate with a load-bearing surface, a tube portion, and a neck. The tube portion includes a base wall and a cover and defines a cavity between the base wall and the cover. The base wall laterally extends from a first edge to a second edge that is opposite the first edge. The cover is joined to the base wall at or proximate to the first and second edges. The neck extends between and joins the plate to the cover of the tube portion. The sensing package is disposed within the cavity of the beam and is under pre-load in engagement with the cover and the base wall. The sensing package is configured to measure forces exerted on the load-bearing surface of the plate.

Abstract: A fluid quality sensor for measuring a quality of a fluid comprises a measurement section mounted to an output side of a pump for the fluid.