Abstract: A motorless manually operated treadmill exerciser comprising a frame structure supporting a motorless manually operated treadmill assembly and a retardant assembly constructed and arranged to establish a retardant to the continued movement of the endless track of the treadmill assembly when the user desires to slow the walking or running speed or disembark.

Abstract: An exercise apparatus including a base structure comprising a fixed lower body exercise platform and a pair of elongated upper body exercising units is disclosed. The units are mounted to the base structure by mounting structure that enables the units to be moved by a user against a yielding resistance in any direction with respect to a center in conjunction with the user stepping onto or off of the platform in any direction while performing an exercise thereon. The elongated upper body exercising units preferably include two telescoping exercise poles to be grasped by opposite hands of the user and capable of both oscillating and reciprocating upper body exercising motion. A variable volume air chamber is defined in an annular gap between coaxially arranged inner and outer members of the telescoping exercise poles and a restricted air passage communicates with the air chamber.