Abstract: Various methods of additive layer manufacturing, and objects obtainable by such manufacturing, are disclosed. In particular, there is provided a method of additive layer manufacturing comprising depositing a layer of a material on a surface, and controlling the deposition to vary a material property of the material within the layer. There is also provided a method of additive layer manufacturing comprising depositing at least one layer of material on a sacrificial layer, the layer of material having a thickness of 400 microns or less, wherein the sacrificial layer is located on a base surface.

Abstract: A helmet mounted display system is described. A visor has an inner reflective surface and is mountable to head gear. A light source is arranged to emit light. Directing optics are arranged to image light from the light source onto the inner reflective surface of the visor to provide a reticle image on the inner reflective surface of the visor. An eye tracker is configured to determine the orientation of an eye of a wearer of the head gear. A controller is configured to receive an indication of the determined orientation of the eye, and to control the at least one actuator to change the orientation and shape of the directing optics to change the position of reticle image based on the indication of the determined orientation of the eye such that the eye views the reticle image.

Abstract: A helmet mounted display system is described. A visor has an inner reflective surface and is mountable to head gear. A light source is arranged to emit light. Directing optics are arranged to image light from the light source onto the inner reflective surface of the visor to provide a reticle image on the inner reflective surface of the visor. An eye tracker is configured to determine the orientation of an eye of a wearer of the head gear. A controller is configured to receive an indication of the determined orientation of the eye, and to control the at least one actuator to change the orientation and shape of the directing optics to change the position of reticle image based on the indication of the determined orientation of the eye such that the eye views the reticle image.

Abstract: A client device downloads a sandboxed application contained within a sandbox. A relay server external to the client device is arranged to pass messages between the sandboxed application and a privileged application of the client device. A content server provides a content application which is downloaded and installed on the client device by the privileged application in response to a request from the sandboxed application received via the relay server.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for portable through-the-earth radio (PTTER). The PTTER provides bidirectional voice and/or data communication between a surface radio and a portable radio. The PTTER also provides a transmit antenna having a primary loop and one or more secondary loops configured to increase the magnetic field produced by the primary loop. The PTTER also provides a transportable loop antenna that can be wound around a form for transportation. The PTTER also provides a receive antenna optimal for implementing noise cancellation. The PTTER also provides a navigation subsystem for detecting distance and direction to increase the effective range of the PTTER. The PTTER can be implemented in a backpack form factor.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for portable through-the-earth radio (PTTER). The PTTER provides bidirectional voice and/or data communication between a surface radio and a portable radio. The PTTER also provides a transmit antenna having a primary loop and one or more secondary loops configured to increase the magnetic field produced by the primary loop. The PTTER also provides a transportable loop antenna that can be wound around a form for transportation. The PTTER also provides a receive antenna optimal for implementing noise cancellation. The PTTER also provides a navigation subsystem for detecting distance and direction to increase the effective range of the PTTER. The PTTER can be implemented in a backpack form factor.

Abstract: A C4-olefin mixture having a 1,3-butadiene content of from 100 to 500 ppm and a content of 1,2-dienes of less than 10 ppm is described. The present invention further provides a process for preparing this C4-olefin mixture and provides for its use in a metathesis reaction for preparing 2-pentene and/or 3-hexene.

Abstract: A method of playing a poker style card game tournament includes providing an original table at which a plurality of players can compete in the poker style card game. An entry fee for each of the plurality of players is predetermined. The type of poker style card game in which the players will compete is predetermined as is an event outcome from which a winner is determined from the plurality of players. A mechanism is provided that allows each of the plurality of players to pay the predetermined entry fee to enter the tournament. A forum is also provided that allows each of the plurality of players to compete against one another in the predetermined poker style card game. A point-leader is identified from amongst the plurality of players based on an evaluation of the event outcome. The point-leader is advanced to one or more additional tables and is compensated based on their performance at the one or more additional tables.

Abstract: A C4-olefin mixture having a 1,3-butadiene content of from 100 to 500 ppm and a content of 1,2-dienes of less than 10 ppm is described. The present invention further provides a process for preparing this C4-olefin mixture and provides for its use in a metathesis reaction for preparing 2-pentene and/or 3-hexene.

Abstract: A C4-olefin mixture having a 1,3-butadiene content of from 100 to 500 ppm and a content of 1,2-dienes of less than 10 ppm is described. The present invention further provides a process for preparing this C4-olefin mixture and provides for its use in a metathesis reaction for preparing 2-pentene and/or 3-hexene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing formic acid, in which catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide with hydrogen over a catalyst which comprises a metal of groups 8 to 10 of the Periodic Table in the presence of a primary, secondary and/or tertiary amine generates the corresponding ammonium formate and the ammonium formate is split by heating into formic acid and the amine, which comprises selecting the primary, secondary or tertiary amine from the amines of the formula I or mixtures thereof where R1 to R3 are the same or different and are each hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl radicals having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, cycloaliphatic radicals having from 5 to 7 carbon atoms, aryl radicals and/or arylalkyl radicals, and at least one of the R1 to R3 radicals bears a hydroxyl group, and performing the hydrogenation in a solvent which has a boiling point of 105° C.

Abstract: A telephony communications approach implements an autodiscover feature that enables an endpoint device to automatically locate and establish communication with a desirable server in a web of interconnected servers. In one specific example implementation, the endpoint device is an internet-type telephone communicating with a remotely-located server in an internet-based private branch exchange. Various packet-communicating endpoint devices are adapted to communicate with the internet-based private branch exchange by adapting each to automatically broadcast its identity and, in response to receiving an assignment for the appropriated iPBX, establish communication with the internet-based private branch exchange from other packet-based servers. Other aspects of the invention are directed to approaches for distinguishing the desired internet-based private branch exchange from the other packet-based servers and implementations for assigning the appropriate iPBX.

Abstract: Preparation of highly reactive isobutene homo- or copolymers having Mn=from 500 to 1 000 000 by polymerizing isobutene in the liquid phase in the presence of a dissolved, dispersed or supported metal-containing catalyst complex by using, as the catalyst complex, a compound I Zn+[MXa(OR)b]n?·Lx ??(I) M metal atom from the group of boron, aluminum, gallium, indium and thallium, R each independently aliphatic, heterocyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals which have in each case from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and may comprise fluorine atoms, or silyl groups comprising C1 to C18 hydrocarbon radicals, X halogen atoms, Z proton (n=1), optionally substituted ammonium (n=1) or n-valent metal cation, L neutral solvent molecules, a integer from 0 to 3, b integer from 1 to 4, where a+b=4, and x?0.

Abstract: Preparation of highly reactive isobutene homo- or copolymers having Mn=from 500 to 45 000 by polymerizing isobutene in the liquid phase in the presence of a dissolved, dispersed or supported boron-containing catalyst complex, by using, as the catalyst complex, a protic acid compound I [H+]m+1[R1R2R3B—(-Am+—BR5R6—)n—R4](m+1)?.Lx ??(I) R1 to R6 each independently aliphatic, heterocyclic or aromatic, fluorinated hydrocarbon radicals having in each case from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or silyl groups comprising C1 to C18 hydrocarbon radicals, A nitrogen-containing bridging member which forms covalent bonds to the boron atoms via its nitrogen atoms, L neutral solvent molecules, n=0 or 1, m=0 or 1 and x is ?0.

Abstract: A C4-olefin mixture having a 1,3-butadiene content of from 100 to 500 ppm and a content of 1,2-dienes of less than 10 ppm is described. The present invention further provides a process for preparing this C4-olefin mixture and provides for its use in a metathesis reaction for preparing 2-pentene and/or 3-hexene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing polyol alkyl ethers by reacting compounds comprising at least three hydroxyl functionalities with olefins in the presence of acidic catalysts at temperatures of from 20 to 250° C. and pressures of from 0.5 to 10 bar, wherein the olefins correspond to the general formula (I) in which R1 is hydrogen and R2 is a linear or branched carbon radical having from 7 to 28 carbon atoms, or R1 and R2 are each linear or branched carbon radicals having from 1 to 27 carbon atoms, the sum of the carbon number of R1 and R2 being at most 28, to polyol alkyl ethers derived from compounds having at least three hydroxyl functionalities, not more than all but one hydroxyl functionality being replaced by a moiety of the general formula (VIII) to the use of these polyol alkyl ethers as surfactants and to laundry detergents and cleaning compositions comprising these polyol alkyl ethers.

Abstract: A process for continuously preparing a compound which bears at least two functional groups which are each independently selected from the group consisting of nitrile group, carboxylic acid group, carboxylic ester group and carboxamide group.

Abstract: The preparation of alkylaryl compounds takes place by a) reaction of a C4/C5-olefin mixture over a metathesis catalyst to prepare a C4-8-olefin mixture comprising 2-pentene, and optional removal of the C4-8-olefin mixture, b) removal of from 5 to 100% of the 2-pentene present in stage a) and subsequent reaction over an isomerization catalyst to give a mixture of 2-pentene and 1-pentene which is returned to stage a), c) dimerization of the C4-8-olefin mixture obtained in stage b) following removal in the presence of a dimerization catalyst to give a mixture containing C8-16-olefins, removal of these C8-16-olefins and optional removal of a partial stream thereof, d) reaction of the c8-16-olefin mixtures obtained in stage c) or of the partial stream with an aromatic hydrocarbon in the presence of an alkylation catalyst to form alkyl aromatic compounds where, prior to the reaction, 0 to 60% by weight, based on the c8-16-olefin mixtures obtained in stage c), of linear olefins may additionally be added, e) opt

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of 1,7 octadiene by reacting metathesis of cyclohexene with ethylene. The invention also relates to the production of 1,10-decandiol by hydroformulating 1,7 octadiene produced according to said method. The invention further relates to a method for the production of muscone or olefinically unsaturated analogs thereof using 1,10 decandiol which is obtainable in said manner.

Abstract: A process for removing a compound which bears at least two functional groups which are each independently selected from the group consisting of nitrile group, carboxylic acid group, carboxylic ester group and carboxamide group, from a mixture which comprises a compound which bears at least two functional groups which are each independently selected from the group consisting of nitrile group, carboxylic acid group, carboxylic ester group and carboxamide group, and a compound which is homogeneous with respect to the mixture and contains rhodium, by distillation.