Abstract: A valve operating machine includes a base, a housing thereon and a motor within the housing, an output socket rotatably coupled to the housing and extending through the base, a ring lock rotatably coupled to the output socket, a locking assembly which locks the ring lock to the output socket and can be released to allow removal of the ring lock from the output socket, a plate rotatably coupled to the ring lock, and a mating assembly configured to couple the plate to the base in at least two positions, while preventing rotation of the plate relative to the base. A key that is used to exercise a valve can be connected to the output socket.

Abstract: The heart of a heat engine is a reciprocating expansion chamber, which converts heat from a hot fluid into mechanical work. The expansion chamber utilizes a refrigerant in a liquid state as an input, and heats and expands the refrigerant to move pistons and generate work. A high pressure injector injects the liquid refrigerant into the chamber under enough pressure to keep it in a liquid state until it is desirable to have it expand into a gas. A hot fluid is the heat source for the expansion chamber and cold fluid is an output. Another output is the refrigerant, now a hot, low pressure gas. A compressor pressurizes the refrigerant, forming a hot, high pressure gas, and a condenser generates liquid refrigerant and provides it to the pressure injector.

Abstract: An electrochemical displacement-deposition method for making composite metal powders is described. The method is carried out by combining tungsten or molybdenum metal particles with particles of silver oxide or copper oxide in an aqueous hydroxide solution. Heat is applied to the solution to cause the oxide particles to convert to silver or copper metal particles which are substantially adhered to the refractory metal particles. Unlike conventional methods, it is not necessary to heat the oxide powders to a very high temperature in a reducing atmosphere in order to form the composite metal powder.

Abstract: A tungsten-tin composite for green (lead-free) ammunition is provided wherein the composite is made with a spheroidized tungsten powder and has mechanical properties similar to those of lead. The composite may be fully densified at pressures less than about 250 MPa and is suitable for pressing complex projectile shapes to near net size.

Abstract: A tungsten-tin composite for green (lead-free) ammunition is provided wherein the composite is made with a spheroidized tungsten powder and has mechanical properties similar to those of lead. The composite may be fully densified at pressures less than about 250 MPa and is suitable for pressing complex projectile shapes to near net size.

Abstract: A method for spheridizing silicon metal particles is described. The method involves injecting irregular silicon metal particles into a high-temperature plasma reactor to melt at least 50 weight percent of the particles. The molten droplets are solidified to form substantially spherical silicon particles having a thin SiO coating which may be removed by treating with a weak hydroxide solution.

Abstract: An electrochemical displacement-deposition method for making composite metal powders is described. The method is carried out by combining tungsten or molybdenum metal particles with particles of silver oxide or copper oxide in an aqueous hydroxide solution. Heat is applied to the solution to cause the oxide particles to convert to silver or copper metal particles which are substantially adhered to the refractory metal particles. Unlike conventional methods, it is not necessary to heat the oxide powders to a very high temperature in a reducing atmosphere in order to form the composite metal powder.

Abstract: A method for spheridizing silicon metal particles is described. The method involves injecting irregular silicon metal particles into a high-temperature plasma reactor to melt at least 50 weight percent of the particles. The molten droplets are solidified to form substantially spherical silicon particles having a thin SiO coating which may be removed by treating with a weak hydroxide solution.